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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 9 of 9 Research Studies DisplayedSibley AL, Baker R, Levander XA
"I am not a junkie": social categorization and differentiation among people who use drugs.
The purpose of this qualitative study, framed by Social Identity Theory/Self-Categorization Theory, was to investigate strategies of within-group categorization and differentiation among people who use drugs (PWUD) and the roles these social categories play in shaping intragroup attitudes, perceptions, and behaviors. Data were taken from the Rural Opioid Initiative. Through interviews with participating PWUDs, researchers identified several facets of identity, behavioral and demographic, along which PWUDs perceived salient social boundaries. Patterns of categorization and differentiation revealed negative intragroup attitudes, including stigma, that may hinder collective action in this marginalized group.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Sibley AL, Baker R, Levander XA .
"I am not a junkie": social categorization and differentiation among people who use drugs.
Int J Drug Policy 2023 Apr;114:103999. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2023.103999.
Keywords: Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Social Stigma
Green TC, Donovan E, Klug B
Revisiting pharmacy-based naloxone with pharmacists and naloxone consumers in 2 states: 2017 perspectives and evolving approaches.
The authors sought to examine similarities and differences in experiences obtaining naloxone at the pharmacy over a 1-year period in 2 states, and to explore reactions from people with opioid use disorder, patients taking opioids for chronic pain, caregivers of opioid users, and pharmacists to communication tools and patient outreach materials designed to improve naloxone uptake. Through focus groups in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, they found that experiences dispensing naloxone are quickly evolving, and a greater diversity of patients are obtaining pharmacy naloxone. They concluded that persistent stigma-related concerns underscore the need for tools to help pharmacists offer naloxone, facilitate patient requests, and provide reassurance when getting naloxone.
AHRQ-funded; HS024021.
Citation: Green TC, Donovan E, Klug B .
Revisiting pharmacy-based naloxone with pharmacists and naloxone consumers in 2 states: 2017 perspectives and evolving approaches.
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003) 2020 Sep-Oct;60(5):740-49. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2020.03.005..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Substance Abuse, Community-Based Practice, Healthcare Delivery, Social Stigma, Access to Care
Earnshaw VA, Bogart LM, Menino D
Disclosure, stigma, and social support among young people receiving treatment for substance use disorders and their caregivers: a qualitative analysis.
The purpose of this study was to investigate relational processes experienced by youth with substance use disorders (SUDs) and their caregivers that may act as barriers to, or facilitators of, recovery. Single-session qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted by clinicians from a SUDs program. There was variability in disclosure experiences. Addressing relational processes within treatment by encouraging patients and caregivers to share the disclosure decision-making process may support the recovery of youth with SUDs.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Earnshaw VA, Bogart LM, Menino D .
Disclosure, stigma, and social support among young people receiving treatment for substance use disorders and their caregivers: a qualitative analysis.
Int J Ment Health Addict 2019 Dec;17(6):1535-49. doi: 10.1007/s11469-018-9930-8..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Caregiving, Substance Abuse, Social Stigma
Stringer KL, Marotta P, Baker E
Substance use stigma and antiretroviral therapy adherence among a drug-using population living with HIV.
Among people living with HIV (PLWH), HIV-related stigma predicts nonadherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, the role of stigma associated with drug use is largely unknown. The this study the investigators examined the association between substance use (SU) stigma and optimal ART adherence in a sample of 172 self-reported HIV-infected drug users.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Stringer KL, Marotta P, Baker E .
Substance use stigma and antiretroviral therapy adherence among a drug-using population living with HIV.
AIDS Patient Care STDS 2019 Jun;33(6):282-93. doi: 10.1089/apc.2018.0311..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Social Stigma, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Medication, Substance Abuse
Kennedy-Hendricks A, Barry CL, Gollust SE
Social stigma toward persons with prescription opioid use disorder: associations with public support for punitive and public health-oriented policies.
This study examined social stigma toward individuals with prescription opioid use disorder and tested whether stigma was associated with support for various policy interventions. Respondents expressed high levels of stigma toward individuals with prescription opioid use disorder. Higher levels of stigma were associated with greater support for punitive policies and lower support for public health-oriented policies.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Kennedy-Hendricks A, Barry CL, Gollust SE .
Social stigma toward persons with prescription opioid use disorder: associations with public support for punitive and public health-oriented policies.
Psychiatr Serv 2017 May;68(5):462-69. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201600056.
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Keywords: Medication, Opioids, Policy, Social Stigma, Substance Abuse
Green TC, Case P, Fiske H
Perpetuating stigma or reducing risk? Perspectives from naloxone consumers and pharmacists on pharmacy-based naloxone in 2 states.
This study examined perceptions and experiences of pharmacy naloxone from people with opioid use disorder, patients taking chronic opioids for pain, caregivers of opioid users, and pharmacists. It found that consumer groups differed in awareness of naloxone and availability at pharmacies, but all groups expressed support for the pharmacist's role and preferences for a universal offer of naloxone based on clear criteria.
AHRQ-funded; HS024021.
Citation: Green TC, Case P, Fiske H .
Perpetuating stigma or reducing risk? Perspectives from naloxone consumers and pharmacists on pharmacy-based naloxone in 2 states.
J Am Pharm Assoc 2017 Mar - Apr;57(2s):S19-S27.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2017.01.013.
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Keywords: Opioids, Provider: Pharmacist, Social Stigma, Substance Abuse
Kennedy-Hendricks A, McGinty EE, Barry CL
Effects of competing narratives on public perceptions of opioid pain reliever addiction during pregnancy.
The researchers tested the effects of narratives portraying a woman with opioid pain reliever addiction during pregnancy on beliefs about people addicted to opioid pain relievers, perceptions of treatment effectiveness, policy attitudes, and emotional responses. They found that the extent to which narratives portraying successfully treated addiction affected public attitudes depended on the socioeconomic status of the woman portrayed.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Kennedy-Hendricks A, McGinty EE, Barry CL .
Effects of competing narratives on public perceptions of opioid pain reliever addiction during pregnancy.
J Health Polit Policy Law 2016 Oct;41(5):873-916. doi: 10.1215/03616878-3632230.
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Keywords: Opioids, Pain, Pregnancy, Social Stigma, Substance Abuse
Smith LR, Earnshaw VA, Copenhaver MM
Substance use stigma: reliability and validity of a theory-based scale for substance-using populations.
The researchers aimed to advance measurement efforts of substance use stigma by drawing on stigma theory to develop and evaluate the Substance Use Stigma Mechanisms Scale (SU-SMS). Their findings support the structural and construct validity of the SU-SMS, suggesting the scale was able to capture enacted, anticipated, and internalized stigma as distinct stigma experiences, also differentiating between two distinct stigma sources, family and healthcare providers. They concluded that the SU-SMS may serve as a valuable tool for better understanding the processes through which substance use stigma serves to undermine key health behaviors and outcomes among persons with substance use disorders.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Smith LR, Earnshaw VA, Copenhaver MM .
Substance use stigma: reliability and validity of a theory-based scale for substance-using populations.
Drug Alcohol Depend 2016 May 1;162:34-43. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.019.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Social Stigma, Substance Abuse
Earnshaw VA, Smith LR, Cunningham CO
Intersectionality of internalized HIV stigma and internalized substance use stigma: implications for depressive symptoms.
The researchers examined whether the relationship between internalized HIV stigma and depressive symptoms is moderated by internalized substance use stigma. They found that participants who internalized HIV stigma experienced greater depressive symptoms only if they also internalized substance use stigma.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Earnshaw VA, Smith LR, Cunningham CO .
Intersectionality of internalized HIV stigma and internalized substance use stigma: implications for depressive symptoms.
J Health Psychol 2015 Aug;20(8):1083-9. doi: 10.1177/1359105313507964..
Keywords: Depression, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Behavioral Health, Social Stigma, Substance Abuse