Figure 1. Study Eligibility Flow Chart (Text Description)

Figure 1 describes how studies were chosen for inclusion. Searches of MEDLINE®, HealthSTAR, CCTR, CDSR, NHS, and the Centre for Dissemination and Reviews databases identified 1,048 abstracts, of which 689 were rejected following abstract review. Of the 359 full-text articles considered for inclusion, 324 were excluded for the following reasons:

• No intervention.
• Contained no breastfeeding data.
• Wrong population, e.g., limited to low birth-weight infants.
• Not performed in a developed country.
• Non-English.

Twenty-two randomized controlled trials (19-40), 8 non-randomized controlled trials (41-48), and 5 systematic reviews (49-53) met inclusion criteria. Fourteen of those were rated fair or good in quality.

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