Appendix C. Calculated Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratios from Five Major Cost-effectiveness Analyses (all costs updated to year 2000 U.S. dollars using the Consumer Price Index for medical care)*

Table 1a. Wagner et al. 1996 Base-case⁶

Strategy	Effectiveness (days of life gained)	Cost per Person	Incremental C-E Ratios	Calculated Relative To
No screening	—	—	—	—
FS q5	13.07	$447	Weakly dominated	—
FOBT q1	21.46	$689	Strongly dominated	—
COL q10	21.64	$652	$10,997	No screening
DCBE q5	21.97	$672	$22,121	COL q10
FOBT + FS q5	24.53	$927	$36,357	DCBE q5

Table 1b. Wagner et al. 1996 with 50% sensitivity for DCBE⁶

Strategy	Effectiveness (days of life gained)	Cost per Person	Incremental C-E Ratios	Calculated Relative To
No screening	—	—	—	—
FS q5	13.07	$447	Weakly dominated	—
DCBE q5	17.81	$703	Strongly dominated	—
FOBT q1	21.46	$689	Strongly dominated	—
COL q10	21.64	$652	$10,997	No screening
FOBT + FS q5	24.53	$927	$34,732	COL q10

Table 2. Frazier et al. 2000⁸

Strategy	Effectiveness (average years of life expectancy)	Cost per person	Incremental C-E ratios	Calculated Relative To
No screening	17.3481	$1,134	—	—
FS q5 years	17.3806	$1,550	$12,804	—
DCBE q5 years	17.3826	$2,018	Strongly dominated	—
FOBT q1	17.3901	$1,708	$16,568	FS q10
COL q10	17.3959	$2,186	Strongly dominated	—
FOBT + FS q5	17.4041	$2,181	$33,786	FOBT q1

Table 3. Khandker et al. 2000⁹

Strategy	Effectiveness (average years of life expectancy)	Cost per Person	Incremental C-E Ratios	Calculated Relative To
No screening	18.1392	$794	—	—
FS q5	18.2250	$2,119	$15,442	No screening
FOBT q1	18.2375	$2,546	$34,160	FS q5
DCBE q5	18.2494	$3,188	$53,950	FOBT q1
FOBT + FS	18.2499	$3,264	Strongly dominated	—
COL q10	18.2499	$3,219	$62,000	DCBE q5

Table 4. Sonnenberg et al. 2000¹⁰

Strategy	Effectiveness (days of life gained)	Cost per person	Incremental C-E ratios	Calculated Relative To
No screening	0	$1,471	—	—
FOBT q1	6.92	$1,670	$10,496	No screening
FS q5	13.27	$2,902	Strongly dominated	—
COL q10	29.02	$2,413	$12,271	FOBT q1

Table 5. Vijan et al. 2001 Incremental CE Ratios¹¹

Strategy	Effectiveness (average years of life-expectancy)	Cost per person	Incremental C-E ratios	Calculated Relative To
No screening	17.1230	$1,357	—	—
FS q5	17.1572	$2,010	Strongly dominated	—
FOBT q1	17.1682	$1,614	$5686	No screening
COL 55 and 65	17.1745	$1,822	$33,016	FOBT q1
FOBT + FS q5	17.1797	$2,374	$106,153	COL 55 and 65

*Abbreviations

COL q10: Colonoscopy every 10 years
COL 55 and 65: Colonoscopy at ages 55 and 65 only
DCBE q5: Double contrast barium enema every 5 years
FOBT + FS q5: Annual fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) every 5 years
FOBT q1: Annual fecal occult blood test
FS q5: Flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years

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