| Benefits and Harms | Number of events prevented or caused per year | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age 55-64 | Age 65-74 | Age 75-84 | |||||
| This Review | WHI | This Review | WHI | This Review | WHI | ||
| Benefits (prevention) | Hip fractures | 3 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 33 | 47 |
| Wrist fractures | 34 | — | 37.5 | — | 45 | — | |
| Vertebral fractures | 32 | 27 | 57 | 49 | 91 | 78 | |
| Cases of colon cancer | 2 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 7 | 12.5 | |
| Uncertain Benefits | Cases of dementia | 17* | — | 34 | — | 68* | — |
| Harms (caused) | Coronary heart disease events | 0 | 6 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 11.5 |
| Strokes | 1* | 4* | 3 | 9 | 6* | 19* | |
| Thromboembolic events during first year | 3 | — | 3 | — | 3 | — | |
| Thromboembolic events overall | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | |
| Breast cancer cases (<5 years' use) | 0 to 2.5 | — | 0 to 6 | — | 0 to 7 | — | |
| Breast cancer cases (>5 years' use) | 7 to 11 | 8 | 10 to 15 | 11 | 11 to 17 | 12 | |
| Cholecystitis cases (<5 years' use) | 25 | — | 25 | — | 25 | — | |
| Cholecystitis cases (>5 years' use) | 53.5 | — | 53.5 | — | 53.5 | — | |
*Estimates based on extrapolations.
Note: WHI indicates Women's Health Initiative.