Table 2. Studies of Universal Newborn Hearing Screeninga
Author,
Year |
Description (Quality Rating) |
Screening Tests |
#Screened/ #Available (%Screened) |
Yield & NNS to find 1 case of bilateral
PHL |
#Positive Screen (%) #Followup %Lost to
Followup |
Definition of High-Risk |
#Low-Risk Identified/ #Screened NNS |
#High-Risk Identified/ #Screened NNS |
Wessex,
199838 |
Controlled, nonrandomized trial at 4 hospitals from 10/93
to 10/96 (Good) |
TEOAE followed by ABR |
21,279/
25,609 (83) |
23/21,279 925 |
342 (1.6)
NR
NR |
NIH Criteria |
7/19,555 2,794 |
20/1,724 86 |
Prieve,
200042 |
State-wide demonstration project at 7 perinatal centers,
8 hospitals in New York (Good) |
TEOAE followed by TEOAE or ABR in birth admission; TEOAE,
ABR at 4-6 weeks (stage 2) |
69,766/
71,922 (97) |
49/69,736 1,422 |
4,699 (6.5%) 1st stageb 43.4
|
NICU infants |
33/NR 2,041c |
52/NR 208c |
Vohr,
199824 |
Cohort from 8 maternity hospitals in Rhode Island from 1/93
to 12/96 (Fair) |
TEOAE followed by: ABR (HR infants) TEOAE and ABR in 2-6
weeks (LR infants) |
52,659/
53,121 (99) |
79/52,659 666c |
5,397 (10.2%)
1st stage
677 (1.3%)
2nd stage
4,575 15.2 |
NICU infants |
61/47,529 779d |
50/5,130 103d |
Finitzo,
199841 |
Cohort from 9 Texas hospitals from 1/94 to 6/97 (Fair) |
ABR or TEOAE in birth admission followed by either ABR or
TEOAE at 1-8 weeks |
52,508/
54,228 (97) |
20/17,105 855c,e |
1,787 (3.4%) 1,224 31.5 |
NR |
NR |
NR |
Barsky-
Firsker,
199743 |
Hospital-based series at Saint Barnabas Medical Center,
New Jersey 1/93 to 12/95 (Fair) |
ABR by audiologists. (One-stage) |
15,749/
16,229 (97%) |
NR |
485 (3.1%) NR NR |
NICU infants |
29/14,014 483 |
23/1,735 75 |
Watkin,
199644 |
Hospital-based series at Whipps Cross Hospital, England
(Fair) |
TEOAE followed by TEOAE and ABR within 4 weeks |
11,606/
14,353 (81) |
19/11,606 755 |
337 (2.9%) 290 14 |
Risk Factors and/or NICU infants |
7/NR |
13/NR |
Mehl,
199840 |
Cohort from 26 hospitals in Colorado from 1992 to 1996 (Poor) |
19 ABR, 1 TEOAE, 6 ABR followup screen not reported |
41,796/
NR |
NR |
2,709 (6.5%) 1,296 52.2 |
NR |
NR |
NR |
Aidan,
199945 |
Hospital-based series in Paris, France of infants in normal
newborn nursery (Poor) |
TEOAE in 48 hours; TEOAE within 4 weeks |
1,421/
1,727 (82) |
2/1,421
711 |
238 (16.7%)
123
48.3 |
Hypoxemia, hyperbili-
rubinemia, FH |
2/1,421
711 |
NR |
Clemens,
200046 |
Hospital-based series in North Carolina (Women's Hospital
of Greensboro) from 7/98 to 6/99 (Poor) |
ABR followed by re-test for fails (stage 1a) or ABR (stage
1b); outpatient ABR and diagnostic ABR (stage 2) |
5,010/
5,034 (99.5) |
NR |
103/5,054 85 17.5 |
NICU infants |
NR |
4/454 114 |
Mason,
199839 |
Series of infants born at Kaiser, Honolulu from 3/92 to
2/97 (Poor) |
ABR |
10,372/
10,773 (96) |
12/10,372 864 |
415 (4.0%) 362 12.8 |
NICU infants |
5/8,971 1,794 |
7/1,401 200 |
a ABR indicates automated auditory brainstem response; FH, family history; HR, high-risk; LR, low-risk; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; NIH, National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference; NNS, number needed to screen; NR, not reported; PHL, permanent hearing loss (moderate or worse); TEOAE, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions.
b Reported different rates for misses and fails.
c Includes mild, bilateral hearing loss.
d Includes unilateral hearing loss.
e Data reported for 1996 only.
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