Table 1. Key Questions, Inclusion Criteria, Articles Meeting Criteria

Key Question Inclusion Criteria Number of Articles Meeting Criteria
All Published 1/1/94 - 9/15/02
English Language
MEDLINE, Cochrane
Human subjects		  
1. Efficacy of Screening (Direct Evidence) RCT; case-control study; or ecologic evidence directly connecting screening with health outcomes RCT: 1
Case-control: 2
Ecologic: 15
2. Yield of Screening
  • Unselected population without prostate cancer
  • Screening test offered to all
  • Work-up offered to all positive screens
  • Screening test compared to a valid reference standard
 35
3. Efficacy of Radical Prostatectomy For Key Questions 3-6:
  • RCT; clinically localized disease
  • Follow-up > 2 years
  • > 75% of patients followed
  • Health outcomes
 1
4. Efficacy of Radiation Therapy 0
5. Efficacy of Androgen Deprivation Therapy 2
6. Efficacy of Watchful Waiting 1
7. Harms of Treatment
  • Patient self-report
  • Use of valid measurement instrument
  • Followup from pre-treatment to at least 12 months post-treatment, or
  • Comparison with similar untreated control group at least 12 months post-treatment
 32
8. Costs and Cost-Effectiveness of Treatment
  • Valid assessment of costs of screening and treatment
  • Assess direct and indirect costs
  • Cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, cost-utility
  • Modeling studies
 2

Return to Document