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The Use of Episiotomy in Obstetrical Care

Summary (continued)


References

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19. Beard R, Boyd I, Sims C. A trial of polyglycolic acid and chromic catgut sutures in episiotomy repair. Br J Clin Pract 1974; 28(12):409-10.

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25. Spencer JA, Grant A, Elbourne D, et al. A randomized comparison of glycerol-impregnated chromic catgut with untreated chromic catgut for the repair of perineal trauma. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1986; 93(5):426-30.

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38. Sartore A, De Seta F, Maso G, et al. The effects of mediolateral episiotomy on pelvic floor function after vaginal delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2004; 103(4):669-73.

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40. Viktrup L, Lose G, Rolff M, et al. The symptom of stress incontinence caused by pregnancy or delivery in primiparas. Obstet Gynecol 1992; 79(6):945-9.

41. Viktrup L, Lose G. The risk of stress incontinence 5 years after first delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 185(1):82-7.

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43. Eason E, Labrecque M, Marcoux S, et al. Effects of carrying a pregnancy and of method of delivery on urinary incontinence: A prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2004; 4(1):4.

44. Eason E, Labrecque M, Marcoux S, et al. Anal incontinence after childbirth. CMAJ 2002; 166(3):326-30.

45. Walsh CJ, Mooney EF, Upton GJ, et al. Incidence of third-degree perineal tears in labour and outcome after primary repair. Br J Surg 1996; 83(2):218-21.

46. MacArthur C, Bick DE, Keighley MR. Faecal incontinence after childbirth. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997; 104(1):46-50.

47. Rockner G, Jonasson A, Olund A. The effect of mediolateral episiotomy at delivery on pelvic floor muscle strength evaluated with vaginal cones. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1991; 70(1):51-4.

48. Fleming N, Newton ER, Roberts J. Changes in postpartum perineal muscle function in women with and without episiotomies. J Midwifery Womens Health 2003; 48(1):53-9.

49. Sleep J, Grant A. West Berkshire perineal management trial: Three year follow up. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1987; 295(6601):749-51.

50. Rockner G, Henningsson A, Wahlberg V, et al. Evaluation of episiotomy and spontaneous tears of perineum during childbirth. Scand J Caring Sci 1988; 2(1):19-24.

51. Larsson PG, Platz-Christensen JJ, Bergman B, et al. Advantage or disadvantage of episiotomy compared with spontaneous perineal laceration. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1991; 31(4):213-6.

52. Klein MC, Gauthier RJ, Robbins JM, et al. Relationship of episiotomy to perineal trauma and morbidity, sexual dysfunction, and pelvic floor relaxation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994; 171(3):591-8.

53. Signorello LB, Harlow BL, Chekos AK, et al. Postpartum sexual functioning and its relationship to perineal trauma: A retrospective cohort study of primiparous women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001; 184(5):881-8; discussion 888-90.

54. Gurewitsch ED, Donithan M, Stallings SP, et al. Episiotomy versus fetal manipulation in managing severe shoulder dystocia: A comparison of outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004; 191(3):911-6.

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AHRQ Publication Number 05-E009-1
Current as of May 2005


Internet Citation:

Viswanathan M, Hartmann K, Palmieri R, et al. The Use of Episiotomy in Obstetrical Care: A Systematic Review. Summary, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 112. AHRQ Publication Number 05-E009-1, May 2005. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/epcsums/epissum.htm


 

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