Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: PHS Clinical Practice Guideline
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Lung cancer has surpassed
breast cancer to become
the number one cancer
killer among women.
Trends in women's lung
cancer can be clearly linked
to smoking behavior; cur-rently
observed increases in
lung cancer rates mirror
trends in women's uptake
of smoking 30-40 years ago.
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Smoking cessation clinical trials reveal
that the same treatments benefit both
men and women. Therefore, the same
interventions can be used with both men
and women.
Some treatments, however, are less
efficacious in women than in men (e.g.,
nicotine replacement therapies).
Additionally, although research suggests
that women benefit from the same
interventions as do men, women may
face different stresses and barriers to
quitting that may be addressed in
treatment. These include greater
likelihood of depression, greater weight control concerns, hormonal cycles,
and others. This suggests that women may benefit from tobacco dependence
treatments that address these topics.
Women who are considering becoming pregnant may be especially receptive
to tobacco dependence treatment.
Tobacco use has been associated with fertility problems and miscarriage.
Internet Citation:
Women. U.S. Public Health Service. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Rockville, MD. http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/tobacco/women.htm
540 Gaither Road Rockville, MD 20850 