Table 4. Outcomes of Screening for HIV Infection in 10 000 Asymptomatic Pregnant Womena
| Results |
Prevalence, 0.15% |
Prevalence, 0.30% |
Prevalence, 5% (High Risk) |
| Women screened, n |
10,000 |
10,000 |
10,000 |
| Women identified as HIV-positive, n |
15 |
30 |
500 |
| Women receiving test results, n |
13.6 |
27.3 |
455 |
| Cases of mother-to-child transmission expected without interventions among women receiving test results, n |
1.9-3.4 |
3.8-6.8 |
64-114 |
| Women receiving combination antiretroviral prophylaxis, n |
8.2-12.3 |
16.4-24.6 |
273-410 |
| Women undergoing elective cesarean section, n |
5.0-6.8 |
10.1-13.6 |
168-228 |
| Cases of mother-to-child transmission prevented with highly active antiretroviral therapy, n |
1.0-2.9 |
2.0-5.7 |
33-95 |
| Cases of mother-to-child transmission prevented with elective cesarean section, n |
0.8-2.8 |
1.6-5.7 |
27-95 |
| NNSB to prevent 1 case of mother-to-child transmission of HIV |
3500-12,170 |
1750-6090 |
105-365 |
| NNTB with antiretroviral prophylaxis to prevent 1 case of mother-to-child transmission of HIV |
0.8-2.8 |
1.6-5.7 |
27-95 |
| Postpartum complications caused by elective cesarean section, n |
0.3-2.3 |
0.6-4.7 |
11-78 |
| NNSH to cause 1 postpartum complication from elective cesarean section |
4280-31,640 |
2140-15,820 |
130-940 |
| NNTH to cause 1 postpartum complication from elective cesarean section |
6.0 (95% CI, 2.9-15.9) |
6.0 (95% CI, 2.9-15.9) |
6.0 (95% CI, 2.9-15.9) |
aNNSB = number needed to screen for benefit; NNSH = number needed to screen for harm; NNTB = number needed to treat for benefit; NNTH = number needed to screen for harm.
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