Figure 1. Analytic Framework. Screening for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) (Text Description)

The diagram starts at the far left with "all newborns." Arrow 1 proceeds from "all newborns" directly to the far right to "improved functional outcomes, including: gait, physical functioning, activity level, peer relations, family relations, school and occupational performance."

Arrow 2 proceeds from "all newborns," splits into "high risk (0-6 months)" and "average risk (0-6 months)," and rejoins to become Arrow 3.

Arrow 3 splits into "dislocated hip" and "subluxable hip" then reunites as arrow 5. Arrow 5 splits in three directions: to "need for surgery" then (indicated by a dotted line) on to "improved functional outcomes..." at the far right; to "improved intermediate outcomes (radiographic evidence of reduction, bone development)" (indicated by a dotted line), then (indicated by a dotted line) on to "improved functional outcomes..." at the far right; and to "early intervention," which goes directly to "improved functional outcomes."

Arrow 4 branches from arrow 3 directly to "adverse effects" and ends there. Arrow 6 proceeds from arrow 5 directly to "adverse effects" and ends there.

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