Appendix A. Reference List for Diabetes Quality Assessment Conference

Technical Quality Measurement for Diabetes: The State of the Science

Berlowitz D, Ash A, Glickman M, et al. Developing a quality measure for clinical inertia in diabetes care. Health Serv Res 2005 Dec; 40(6-Part 1):1836-53.

Fleming B, Greenfield S, Engelgau M, et al. The Diabetes Quality Improvement Project: Moving science into health policy to gain an edge on the diabetes epidemic. Diabetes Care 2001 Dec; 24(10):1815-1820.

Hofer T, Hayward R, Greenfield S, et al. The unreliability of individual physician "report cards" for assessing the costs and quality of care of a chronic disease. JAMA 1999 Jun; 281:2098-105.

McGlynn EA. Selecting common measures of quality and performance. Medical Care 2003 Jan; 41(1, Suppl):I-39-47.

Kerr E, Krein S, Vijan S, et al. Avoiding pitfalls in chronic disease quality measurement: A case for the next generation of technical quality measures. Am J Manag Care 2001 Nov; 7:1033-43.

Krein S, Hofer T, Kerr E, Hayward R. Whom should we profile? Examining diabetes care practice variation among primary care providers, provider groups, and health care facilities. Health Serv Res 2002 Oct; 37(5):1159-80.

McGlynn EA. Six challenges in measuring the quality of health care. Health Aff 1997 May-Jun; 16(3):7-21.

Pogach L, Rajan M, Aron D. Comparison of weighted performance measurement and dichotomous thresholds for glycemic control in the Veterans Health Administration. Diabetes Care 2006 Feb; 29:241-6.

Rodondi N, Peng T, Karter AJ, et al. Therapy modifications in response to poorly controlled hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med 2006 Apr 4; 144(7):475-84.

Measurement Considerations for Special Populations

Brown A, Gregg E, Stevens M, et al. Race, ethnicity, socioeconomic position, and quality of care for adults with diabetes enrolled in managed care. Diabetes Care 2005 Dec; 28:2864-70.

California Healthcare Foundation/American Geriatrics Society Panel on Improving Care for Elders with Diabetes. Guidelines for improving the care of the older person with diabetes mellitus. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003 May; 51(5 Suppl):265-280.

Durso SC. Using clinical guidelines designed for older adults with diabetes mellitus and complex health status. JAMA 2006 Apr 26; 295:1935-40.

Fiscella K, Franks P, Gold MR, Clancy CM. Inequality in quality: Addressing socioeconomic, racial and ethnic disparities in health care. JAMA 2000 May 17; 283:2579-84.

Huang ES, Sachs GA, Chin MH. Implications of New Geriatric Diabetes Care Guidelines for the Assessment of Quality of Care in Older Patients. Med Care 2006 Apr;44(4):373-7.

Nerenz DR. Health care organizations' use of race/ethnicity data to address quality disparities. Health Aff 2005 Mar-Apr; 24(2):409-17.

Schillinger D, Grumbach K, Piette J, et al. Association of health literacy with diabetes outcomes. JAMA 2002 Jul; 288:475-82.

Translating Epidemiology to Quality Measurement: Glycemic Control

CDC Diabetes Cost-Effectiveness Group. Cost-effectiveness of intensive glycemic control, intensified hypertension control, and cholesterol reduction for type 2 diabetes. JAMA 2002; 287:1757-63.

Eastman R, Dong F, Javitt JC, et al. Model of complications of NIDDM: Analysis of the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of treating NIDDM with the goal of normoglycemia. Diabetes Care 1997 May; 20(5):735-44.

Hofer TP, Vijan S, Hayward RA. Estimating the microvascular benefits of screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 2000 Summer; 16(3):822-33.

Huang ES, Shook M, Jin L, et al. The impact of patient preferences on the cost-effectiveness of intensive glucose control in older patients with new-onset diabetes. Diabetes Care 2006 Feb; 29:259-64.

UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998 Sep; 352:837-53.

Translating Epidemiology to Quality Measurement: Blood Pressure Control

Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Effects of different blood-pressure lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events in individuals with and without diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med 2005 Jun; 165:1410-9.

Khosla N, Bakris G. Lessons learned from recent hypertension trials about kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 1:299-335.

Vijan S, Hayward RA. Treatment of hypertension in type 2 diabetes: Blood pressure goals, choice of agents, and setting priorities in diabetes care. Ann Intern Med 2003 Apr; 138:593-602.

UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 38. Br Med J 1998; 317(7160):703-13.

Translating Epidemiology to Quality Measurement: Lipid Control

Cannon CP, Braunwald E, Mccabe CH, et al. Intensive versus moderate lipid-lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. New Engl J Med 2004 Apr 8; 350(15):1495-504.

Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002 Jul 6; 360(9326):7-22.

Larosa JC, Grundy SM, Waters DD, et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 2005 Apr 7; 352(14):1425-35.

Pedersen TR, Faergeman O, Kastelein JJ, et al. High-dose atorvastatin versus usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction. The IDEAL Study: A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005 Nov 16; 294(19):2437-45.

Vijan S, Hayward R. Pharmacologic lipid-lowering therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Background paper for the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2004 Apr;140:650-8.

Using Patient Reports to Assess Technical and Interpersonal Quality

Chang JT, Hays RD, Shekelle PG, et al. Patients' global ratings of their health care are not associated with the technical quality of their care. Ann Intern Med 2006 May;144(9):665-72.

Glasgow RE, Nelson C, Whitesides H, King DK. Use of the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) with diabetes patients. Diabetes Care 2005 Nov; 28:2655-61.

Safran DG, Kosinski MMA, Tarlov A, et al. The Primary Care Assessment Survey: Tests of data quality and measurement performance. Med Care 1998 May; 36(5):728-39.

Safran DG, Tiara DA, Rogers WH, et al. Linking primary care performance to outcomes of care. J Fam Pract 1998 Sep; 47(3):213-20.

Solomon LS, Hays RD, Zaslavsky AM, et al. Psychometric properties of a group-level Consumer Assessment of Health Plans Study (CAHPS®) instrument. Med Care 2005 Jan; 43(1):53-60.