Table 2. Proportion of Medicare Beneficiaries' Income Spent on Out-of-Pocket Health Care Expenditures by Insurance Type
| Insurance coverage |
Out-of-pocket costs |
| Medicaid |
8.4% |
| Medicare HMO |
14.8% |
| Private HMO |
15.7% |
| Employer sponsored |
16.1% |
| Medicare only
|
23.0% |
| Self-purchased |
25.5% |
Note: HMO—health maintenance organization.
Source: Crystal S, Johnson RW, Harman J, et al. Out-of-pocket health care costs among older Americans. J Gerontol 2000; 55B(1):S51-62.
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