T12_2_7_2

2011 National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports

The National Healthcare Quality Report (NHQR) is a comprehensive national overview of quality of health care in the United States. It is organized around four dimensions of quality of care: effectiveness, patient safety, timeliness, and patient centeredness.

Table 12_2_7.2
Postoperative physiologic and metabolic derangements per 1,000 elective-surgery admissions,^a age 18 and over,^b by race/ethnicity, United States, 2008
				Non-Hispanic
		Total		White		Black		API		Hispanic, all races
Population group		Rate	SE	Rate	SE	Rate	SE	Rate	SE	Rate	SE
Total		1.8	0.02	1.7	0.02	2.2	0.05	1.8	0.12	2.1	0.06
Age	18-44	0.7	0.02	0.6	0.03	1.0	0.05	0.5	0.14	0.6	0.07
	45-64	1.7	0.03	1.7	0.03	1.8	0.06	1.4	0.16	1.7	0.08
	65 and over	2.5	0.03	2.4	0.04	2.7	0.10	2.9	0.22	3.2	0.13
	65-69	2.0	0.05	1.8	0.06	2.6	0.15	3.6	0.36	2.6	0.19
	70-74	2.4	0.06	2.3	0.07	2.5	0.20	2.7	0.40	3.7	0.26
	75-79	3.0	0.07	3.0	0.08	3.1	0.24	2.7	0.49	3.4	0.32
	80-84	3.1	0.09	3.1	0.10	3.1	0.35	3.2	0.66	4.8	0.45
	85 and over	1.8	0.10	1.8	0.11	2.1	0.41	DSU	DSU	DSU	DSU
Gender	Male	2.6	0.03	2.6	0.04	2.7	0.09	2.7	0.21	2.7	0.11
Gender	Female	1.3	0.02	1.3	0.02	1.4	0.04	1.2	0.12	1.3	0.06
Median income of patient's ZIP Code	First quartile (lowest income)	2.0	0.03	1.9	0.04	2.2	0.07	1.4	0.36	2.3	0.10
	Second quartile	1.8	0.03	1.8	0.04	2.2	0.10	2.4	0.27	1.9	0.13
	Third quartile	1.8	0.04	1.7	0.04	2.3	0.13	1.8	0.22	2.5	0.14
	Fourth quartile (highest income)	1.6	0.04	1.6	0.04	2.3	0.14	1.8	0.17	1.4	0.17
Location of patient residence	Large central metropolitan	2.0	0.03	2.0	0.04	2.1	0.08	2.3	0.17	2.0	0.09
	Large fringe metropolitan	1.9	0.03	1.7	0.04	2.6	0.10	1.9	0.27	2.4	0.17
	Medium metropolitan	1.8	0.04	1.8	0.05	2.0	0.14	1.0	0.22	2.4	0.15
	Small metropolitan	1.7	0.05	1.5	0.06	2.6	0.17	4.6	0.83	2.3	0.25
	Micropolitan	1.6	0.05	1.6	0.06	1.4	0.20	DSU	DSU	2.0	0.26
	Noncore	1.6	0.06	1.6	0.06	2.0	0.23	DSU	DSU	1.7	0.34
Expected payment source	Private insurance	1.7	0.03	1.6	0.04	2.0	0.10	1.1	0.20	1.6	0.12
	Medicare	1.8	0.02	1.7	0.02	2.2	0.06	2.1	0.15	2.1	0.09
	Medicaid	3.1	0.08	2.8	0.11	3.3	0.17	3.2	0.41	3.9	0.21
	Other insurance	1.7	0.12	1.6	0.14	2.8	0.33	DSU	DSU	1.3	0.36
	Uninsured/self-pay/no charge	1.8	0.14	1.9	0.18	1.2	0.36	DSU	DSU	1.6	0.36
Region of inpatient treatment	Northeast	1.4	0.04	1.4	0.05	1.5	0.14	1.5	0.33	1.2	0.21
	Midwest	2.1	0.03	2.0	0.04	3.0	0.10	3.8	0.52	3.7	0.30
	South	1.9	0.03	1.7	0.03	2.1	0.07	2.9	0.32	2.5	0.10
	West	1.7	0.04	1.7	0.05	2.1	0.16	1.6	0.14	1.7	0.10
Ownership/control of hospital	Private, not for profit	1.7	0.02	1.6	0.02	2.0	0.06	1.8	0.13	1.9	0.08
	Private, for profit	2.3	0.05	2.2	0.06	2.6	0.14	1.6	0.38	2.4	0.13
	Public	2.1	0.06	1.9	0.07	2.9	0.15	2.5	0.36	2.6	0.18
Teaching status of hospital	Teaching	1.9	0.03	1.8	0.03	2.3	0.08	1.9	0.16	2.1	0.11
Teaching status of hospital	Nonteaching	1.8	0.02	1.7	0.02	2.1	0.07	1.8	0.17	2.2	0.08
Location of hospital	Large central metropolitan	2.2	0.03	2.1	0.03	2.4	0.07	2.2	0.16	2.3	0.08
	Large fringe metropolitan	1.7	0.04	1.6	0.04	2.2	0.11	2.6	0.32	1.8	0.19
	Medium metropolitan	1.8	0.04	1.8	0.04	2.0	0.13	1.0	0.21	2.1	0.14
	Small metropolitan	1.5	0.05	1.5	0.05	2.3	0.15	DSU	DSU	1.5	0.25
	Micropolitan	1.0	0.07	0.9	0.07	1.6	0.26	DSU	DSU	DSU	DSU
	Noncore	0.6	0.15	0.6	0.15	DSU	DSU	DSU	DSU	DSU	DSU
Bed size of hospital	Less than 100	1.6	0.06	1.5	0.07	2.3	0.25	DSU	DSU	2.8	0.26
	100-299	1.5	0.03	1.5	0.03	1.8	0.09	1.4	0.18	1.1	0.12
	300-499	1.8	0.03	1.6	0.03	2.3	0.08	2.0	0.19	2.2	0.12
	500 or more	2.3	0.03	2.2	0.04	2.5	0.09	3.2	0.29	2.8	0.11

^a. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Patient Safety Indicators (PSI) software requires that the physiologic and metabolic derangements be reported as a secondary diagnosis (rather than the principal diagnosis), but unlike the AHRQ PSI software, the secondary diagnosis could be present on admission. In addition, the derangement is not verifiable as following surgery. Consistent with the AHRQ PSI software, the following cases are excluded: obstetric admissions and admissions for ketoacidosis, hyperosmolarity, diabetic coma, acute renal failure, chronic renal failure, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, shock, hemorrhage, or gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

^b. Rates are adjusted by age, gender, age-gender interactions, comorbidities, major diagnostic category (MDC), and diagnosis-related group (DRG). When reporting is by age, the adjustment is by gender, comorbidities, MDC, and DRG; when reporting is by gender, the adjustment is by age, comorbidities, MDC, and DRG. The AHRQ PSI software was modified to not use the present on admission (POA) indicators (or estimates of the likelihood of POA for secondary diagnosis).

DSU - Data do not meet the criteria for statistical reliability, data quality, or confidentiality.

Key: API: Asian or Pacific Islander; SE: standard error.

Source: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), Center for Delivery, Organization, and Markets, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, State Inpatient Databases, disparities analysis file, 2007, and AHRQ Quality Indicators, modified version 4.1. The analysis file is designed to provide national estimates on disparities using weighted records from a sample of hospitals from the following 31 States: Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, Nevada, New York, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

Page last reviewed October 2014

Internet Citation: T12_2_7_2: 2011 National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Reports. October 2014. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. http://archive.ahrq.gov/research/findings/nhqrdr/nhqrdr11/12_patientsafety/T12_2_7_2.html