Table 6.10. Radionuclide Specific Therapies

Radionuclide Therapy Mechanism of Action
Iodine KI Blocks thyroid deposition
Cesium/Rubidium/Thallium Prussian blue Blocks gastrointestinal (GI) absorption and prevents recycling
Plutonium and transuranics (Americium, Californium, Lanthanum, Curium) DTPA Acts as chelating agent
Uranium Bicarbonate Alkalinizes urine, decreases chances of acute tubular necrosis
Tritium Forced fluids, diuretics Dilutes isotope
Strontium Oral aluminum phosphate or barium sulfate Blocks GI absorption
Radium Magnesium sulfate lavage Prevents absorption
Phosphorus Stomach lavage, aluminum hydroxide, oral phosphates Prevents absorption, blocks cellular deposition
Cobalt Gastric lavage, purgatives; penicillamine if severe Prevents absorption, acts as chelating agent

Source: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Management of Persons Accidentally Contaminated with Radionuclides, Report Number 65, 1979. Bethesda, MD. Reprinted with permission.

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