Impact of State Laws Limiting Malpractice Awards on Geographic Distribution of Physicians

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States with caps in 2000	Year cap law was passed	Doctors per 100,000 county residents in 1970	Doctors per 100,000 county residents in 2000	Percent increase in supply of doctors
Alaska	1986	66	130	97.0%
California	1975	127	187	47.2%
Colorado	1990	74	140	89.2%
Hawaii	1986	108	239	121.3%
Idaho	1990	70	95	35.7%
Indiana^b	1975	61	108	77.1%
Kansas	1988	66	97	47.0%
Louisiana^b	1975	55	112	103.6%
Maryland	1986	98	239	143.9%
Massachusetts	1986	163	331	103.1%
Michigan	1986	71	125	76.1%
Missouri	1986	51	82	60.8%
Montana	1995	69	131	89.9%
New Mexico^b	1976	65	119	83.1%
North Dakota	1995	60	125	108.3%
South Dakota	1986	57	110	93.0%
Utah	1986	62	109	75.8%
Virginia^b	1976	66	215	225.8%
West Virginia	1986	68	124	82.4%
Wisconsin	1985	67	137	104.5%
Average supply of doctors in all States with caps in 2000		69	135	95.7%
^aStates that overturned their caps are not listed here (go to Table 1B for over-turned caps). ^bCap on total damages. Sources: National Conference of State Legislatures,^10,33 American Tort Reform Association,³⁴ McCullough, Campbell and Lane,³⁵ U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,²² and the 2002 Area Resource File of the Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.