Table 6. County data: Ordinary least squares (OLS)
estimates—Number of physicians per 100,000 residents
(1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000 data with dummy time
variables; N =14,640)
| Explanatory variable |
Coefficient |
Standard error |
t statistic |
| Intercept |
167.49 |
7.80 |
21.47 |
| Residency program
in hospital in county
(yes = 1, no = 0) |
169.68 |
8.80 |
19.30 |
| Percent of population
unemployed |
-285.53 |
44.70 |
-6.39 |
| Births per 100,000
population |
-0.02 |
0.005 |
-3.84 |
| Measures of rural influence
(0 = least rural, 9 = most rural) |
-8.19 |
0.65 |
-12.57 |
| High HMO penetration (above
30 percent) |
18.87 |
4.43 |
4.26 |
| Temperate climate (average temp>70
degrees) |
60.50 |
15.89 |
3.81 |
| State law
capping damage awards in malpractice cases (1=yes, 0=no) |
13.65 |
3.30 |
4.13 |
| 1997 (1=yes,
0=no) |
2.29 |
.39 |
5.91 |
| 1998 (1=yes, 0=no) |
4.66 |
.60 |
7.74 |
| 1999 (1=yes, 0=no) |
6.11 |
.72 |
8.44 |
| 2000 (1=yes, 0=no) |
7.20 |
0.96 |
7.53 |
R2= .42. Robust standard errors are corrected for clustering
at the county. |
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540 Gaither Road Rockville, MD 20850 
