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Topics
- Anxiety (1)
- Behavioral Health (7)
- Burnout (4)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Children/Adolescents (4)
- Chronic Conditions (2)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (1)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (2)
- Domestic Violence (1)
- Education: Continuing Medical Education (3)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (1)
- Family Health and History (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (1)
- Health Status (1)
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- Nutrition (1)
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- Obesity: Weight Management (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Primary Care (2)
- Primary Care: Models of Care (1)
- Provider (5)
- Provider: Clinician (2)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
- Provider: Nurse (1)
- Provider: Physician (4)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (4)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Risk (1)
- Social Stigma (1)
- (-) Stress (19)
- Surgery (3)
- Training (3)
- Trauma (2)
- Treatments (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (2)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 19 of 19 Research Studies DisplayedSexton JB, Adair KC, Cu X
Effectiveness of a bite-sized web-based intervention to improve healthcare worker wellbeing: a randomized clinical trial of WISER.
The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test the effectiveness of the Web-based Implementation for the Science of Enhancing Resilience (WISER) intervention, a positive psychology program constructed to improve six dimensions of the wellbeing of healthcare workers (HCW). The researchers utilized cohorts comprised of actively employed HCWs across the United States: cohort 1 received WISER web-based intervention in the form of links daily for 10 days exposing them to videos and positive psychology exercises; cohort 2 served as a 14-day waiting list control before receiving the same. The study found that at 1 week, when compared to the control group, WISER significantly improved depressive symptoms, work-life integration, happiness, emotional thriving, and emotional recovery, but not emotional exhaustion. Results of the combined cohort 1, 6, and 12 months revealed that all 6 wellbeing outcomes were significantly improved relative to the baseline. At the 6-month assessment, 87% of partifipants reported favorable impressions of WISER.
AHRQ-funded; HS027837.
Citation: Sexton JB, Adair KC, Cu X .
Effectiveness of a bite-sized web-based intervention to improve healthcare worker wellbeing: a randomized clinical trial of WISER.
Front Public Health 2022 Dec 8; 10:1016407. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016407..
Keywords: Provider: Health Personnel, Burnout, Stress
Borgatti AC, Crockett KB, Jacob AE
Correlates of psychological distress among adults with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in stress and loneliness among participants with obesity who were engaged in weight loss self-management in the US during COVID-19, and to identify risk factors that may increase psychosocial distress during this period. Participants completed an online survey about social, economic and health behavior changes during COVID-19 and their relationship to changes in perceived stress and loneliness. Results indicated that stress and loneliness increased two months into the COVID-19 pandemic-related shutdown. Factors associated with increased stress and/or loneliness included higher body mass index, social distancing, alcohol intake, and working from home. The authors concluded that ongoing attention to psychosocial well-being among individuals with obesity remains imperative both during the ongoing pandemic and afterwards.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Borgatti AC, Crockett KB, Jacob AE .
Correlates of psychological distress among adults with obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Psychol Health 2022 Dec; 37(12):1547-64. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2022.2038790..
Keywords: COVID-19, Obesity, Stress, Social Stigma, Behavioral Health
Hails KA, Petts RA, Hostutler CA
COVID-19 distress, negative parenting, and child behavioral problems: the moderating role of parent adverse childhood experiences.
This study’s objective was to test a moderated mediation model to determine whether families’ COVID-19-related distress is associated with young children's emotional/behavioral functioning via negative parenting, and whether these relationships vary based on parents' adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Participants were 267 parents recruited from five primary care sites across the United States with children ages 1.5-5 years. Internet questionnaires were completed on measures including demographics, parent ACEs, negative parenting, parent mental health, and COVID-19 distress. Negative parenting significantly mediated the relationship between COVID-19 distress and child emotional/behavioral problems. The model accounted for 42% variance in child emotional/behavioral problems.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Hails KA, Petts RA, Hostutler CA .
COVID-19 distress, negative parenting, and child behavioral problems: the moderating role of parent adverse childhood experiences.
Child Abuse Negl 2022 Aug;130(Pt 1):105450. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105450..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, COVID-19, Behavioral Health, Stress
Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
This study used qualitative methods to understand how Latinos with prediabetes attempted to modify their diet and physical activity behaviors to slow type-2 diabetes progression and how stress affected their engagement in these behaviors. Findings showed that stress affected behavioral and cognitive progresses that adversely altered primarily dietary behaviors.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Wallace DD, Barrington C, Albrecht S .
The role of stress responses on engagement in dietary and physical activity behaviors among Latino adults living with prediabetes.
Ethn Health 2022 Aug;27(6):1395-409. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2021.1880549..
Keywords: Stress, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions
Akingbade O, Peek ME, Tung EL. O, Peek ME, Tung EL
Network size or proximity? Association of network characteristics with violence-related stress and PTSD among racial/ethnic minorities in Chicago.
This research brief examined the association of network size compared to network size and proximity and the psychosocial health and PTSD rates among high-risk racial/ethnic minorities in two Chicago neighborhoods. A sample of 504 adults were surveyed from one South and one West side Chicago clinic in 2018. Only participants who self-reported lifetime exposure in the Brief Trauma Questionnaire to community violence were included, decreasing the sample size to 297. The majority of participants were female (69%) and non-Hispanic Black (75%). Two-thirds were direct victims of robbery or assault, and one-third tested positive for PTSD. Median number of network confidants was found to be 2. A larger network size (> 3 confidants) within 30 minutes from home was significantly associated with 67% lower adjusted odds of PTSD compared to those with no confidants within 30 minutes from home.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Akingbade O, Peek ME, Tung EL. O, Peek ME, Tung EL .
Network size or proximity? Association of network characteristics with violence-related stress and PTSD among racial/ethnic minorities in Chicago.
J Gen Intern Med 2022 Jan;37(1):255-57. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-06607-w..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Stress, Domestic Violence
Rudd BN, Last BS, Gregor C
Benchmarking treatment effectiveness of community-delivered trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy.
The objectives of the current study are to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) delivered from 2013 to 2016 in 15 behavioral health agencies on youth PTSD as well as general mental health symptoms and functioning, and (b) benchmark these clinical outcomes against other published efficacy and effectiveness trials. This study is the first benchmarking study of TF-CBT and provides preliminary findings with regard to the effectiveness, and transportability, of TF-CBT to urban community settings that serve youth in poverty.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Rudd BN, Last BS, Gregor C .
Benchmarking treatment effectiveness of community-delivered trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy.
Am J Community Psychol 2019 Dec;64(3-4):438-50. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12370..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Trauma, Stress, Outcomes, Treatments
Hu YY, Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB
Discrimination, Abuse, Harassment, and Burnout in Surgical Residency Training.
A cross-sectional national survey of general surgery residents, administered with the 2018 American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination, assessed mistreatment, burnout, and suicidal thoughts during the past year. The authors assessed the association of mistreatment with burnout and suicidal thoughts; they found that mistreatment occurs frequently among general surgery residents, especially women, and is associated with burnout and suicidal thoughts.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Hu YY, Ellis RJ, Hewitt DB .
Discrimination, Abuse, Harassment, and Burnout in Surgical Residency Training.
N Engl J Med 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1741-52. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa1903759..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Burnout, Stress, Surgery, Provider: Physician, Provider, Training
Cook JM, Newman E, Simiola V
Trauma training: competencies, initiatives, and resources.
Traumatic stress is currently not a required component of the standard curricula in graduate-level education in clinical and counseling psychology. However, due to the high prevalence of trauma and its potentially deleterious physical and mental health effects in the general and clinical populations, it is imperative that psychology graduate students and practitioners understand the relevance of trauma in their clients' lives and its impact in clinical research. This paper discusses competencies, initiatives and resources related to trauma training.
AHRQ-funded; HS021602.
Citation: Cook JM, Newman E, Simiola V .
Trauma training: competencies, initiatives, and resources.
Psychotherapy 2019 Sep;56(3):409-21. doi: 10.1037/pst0000233..
Keywords: Education: Continuing Medical Education, Behavioral Health, Provider, Stress, Training, Trauma
Kroth PJ, Morioka-Douglas N, Veres S
Association of electronic health record design and use factors with clinician stress and burnout.
The authors sought to determine which electronic health record (EHR) design and use factors are associated with clinician stress and burnout and to identify other sources that contribute to this problem. Surveying ambulatory primary care and subspecialty clinicians from 3 institutions, they found that, although EHR design and use factors are associated with clinician stress and burnout, other challenges, such as chaotic clinic atmospheres and workload control, explain considerably more of the variance in these adverse clinician outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022065.
Citation: Kroth PJ, Morioka-Douglas N, Veres S .
Association of electronic health record design and use factors with clinician stress and burnout.
JAMA Netw Open 2019 Aug 2;2(8):e199609. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.9609..
Keywords: Burnout, Stress, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Primary Care, Provider: Clinician, Provider: Physician, Provider: Nurse
Papaleontiou M, Reyes-Gastelum D, Gay BL
Worry in thyroid cancer survivors with a favorable prognosis.
Researchers investigated cancer-related worry in thyroid cancer survivors with favorable prognosis. A diverse cohort of patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer, selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program registries were surveyed for two to four years after diagnosis. The researchers recommended that physicians be aware that worry is a major issue for thyroid cancer survivors with favorable prognosis. Efforts should be undertaken to alleviate worry, especially among vulnerable groups, including female patients, younger patients, those with lower education, and racial/ethnic minorities.
AHRQ-funded; HS024512.
Citation: Papaleontiou M, Reyes-Gastelum D, Gay BL .
Worry in thyroid cancer survivors with a favorable prognosis.
Thyroid 2019 Aug;29(8):1080-88. doi: 10.1089/thy.2019.0163..
Keywords: Cancer, Anxiety, Stress, Health Status
Anton NE, Mizota T, Whiteside JA
Mental skills training limits the decay in operative technical skill under stressful conditions: results of a multisite, randomized controlled study.
The authors hypothesize that surgery residents trained on mental skills would outperform controls under increased stress conditions in the simulated operating room. They find that their comprehensive mental skills curriculum implemented with surgery residents at two institutions was effective at minimizing the deterioration of resident technical performance under stressful conditions compared with controls. They conclude that their results provide further evidence for the effectiveness of mental skills training to optimize surgery trainees' technical performance during challenging clinical situations.
AHRQ-funded; R18 HS022080.
Citation: Anton NE, Mizota T, Whiteside JA .
Mental skills training limits the decay in operative technical skill under stressful conditions: results of a multisite, randomized controlled study.
Surgery 2019 Jun;165(6):1059-64. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2019.01.011..
Keywords: Surgery, Education: Continuing Medical Education, Stress, Provider Performance, Training, Provider: Physician, Provider
Nocon RS, Fairchild PC, Gao Y
Provider and staff morale, job satisfaction, and burnout over a 4-year medical home intervention.
This study examined the impact of adopting the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) on clinicians and staff at primary care practices. A longitudinal study was done comparing baseline (201) and post-intervention (2013-2014) survey results. Five-hundred thirty-six providers and staff at baseline and 589 were surveyed post-intervention. Almost half of all clinics reported improved better job morale, job satisfaction, and freedom from burnout. However, there were some clinics that saw a decrease in the percentage of providers reporting high job satisfaction and freedom from burnout. Control clinics were not used in this study, so it is impossible to know if results were similar in non-PCMH primary care practices.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Nocon RS, Fairchild PC, Gao Y .
Provider and staff morale, job satisfaction, and burnout over a 4-year medical home intervention.
J Gen Intern Med 2019 Jun;34(6):952-59. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-04893-z..
Keywords: Burnout, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Primary Care, Primary Care: Models of Care, Provider, Provider: Clinician, Stress
Baskind MJ, Taveras EM, Gerber MW
Parent-perceived stress and its association with children's weight and obesity-related behaviors.
Psychosocial stress is associated with obesity in adult and pediatric populations, but few studies have examined the relationship between parent-perceived stress and risk of child obesity and related behaviors. In this study, the investigators studied 689 pairs of parents and children aged 2 to 12 in Massachusetts with a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 85th percentile. The investigators found that among children with overweight or obesity, parent-perceived stress was associated with fast-food consumption and physical activity.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332; HS022986.
Citation: Baskind MJ, Taveras EM, Gerber MW .
Parent-perceived stress and its association with children's weight and obesity-related behaviors.
Prev Chronic Dis 2019 Mar 28;16:E39. doi: 10.5888/pcd16.180368..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Obesity: Weight Management, Risk, Stress
Gowey MA, Khodneva Y, Tison SE
Depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and metabolic health: the REGARDS study.
The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between metabolic health parameters and depressive symptoms and perceived stress, and determine whether the co-occurrence of these two psychological stressors had an additive influence on metabolic dysregulation in adults at different levels of body mass index (BMI) without diabetes. The investigators found that elevated depressive symptoms in conjunction with high levels of perceived stress were more strongly associated with several parameters of metabolic health than only one of these psychological constructs in a large, diverse cohort of adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Gowey MA, Khodneva Y, Tison SE .
Depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and metabolic health: the REGARDS study.
Int J Obes 2019 Mar;43(3):615-32. doi: 10.1038/s41366-018-0270-3..
Keywords: Depression, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Stress
Abelson JS, Chait A, Shen MJ
Coping strategies among colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery and the role of the surgeon in mitigating distress: a qualitative study.
This study researched the role that surgeons can play in managing stress in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Patients were interviewed in-depth using open-ended questions. While patients did not believe surgeons are responsible for helping them cope, they do believe that they can play a role in managing their distress.
AHRQ-funded; HS000066.
Citation: Abelson JS, Chait A, Shen MJ .
Coping strategies among colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery and the role of the surgeon in mitigating distress: a qualitative study.
Surgery 2019 Feb;165(2):461-68. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.06.005..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Clinician-Patient Communication, Provider: Physician, Stress, Surgery
Brunwasser SM, Slavich GM, Newcomb DC
Sex-specific association between prenatal life stress exposure and infant pro-inflammatory cytokine levels during acute respiratory infection.
Prenatal life stress exposure is linked to dysregulated immune function and chronic inflammatory disease in offspring, but little is known about its effects on infant immune response during viral infection. To address this issue, the investigators examined associations between prenatal life stress exposure and infant upper-airway inflammatory markers during acute respiratory infection (ARI) using data from a prospective, population-based birth-cohort study (N=180).
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Brunwasser SM, Slavich GM, Newcomb DC .
Sex-specific association between prenatal life stress exposure and infant pro-inflammatory cytokine levels during acute respiratory infection.
Brain Behav Immun 2019 Feb;76:275-79. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.12.002..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Stress, Women
Elm JHL, Walls ML, Aronson BD
Sources of stress among Midwest American Indian adults with type 2 diabetes.
Investigators analyzed focus group transcripts of American Indian adults with type 2 diabetes from five tribal communities and classified stressors using an inductive/deductive analytical approach. They identified poverty, genocide, and colonization as fundamental causes of contemporary stress and health outcomes for American Indians and concluded that stressors are generally experienced as chronic, regardless of the duration of the stressor.
AHRQ-funded; HS024180.
Citation: Elm JHL, Walls ML, Aronson BD .
Sources of stress among Midwest American Indian adults with type 2 diabetes.
Am Indian Alsk Native Ment Health Res 2019;26(1):33-62. doi: 10.5820/aian.2601.2019.33..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Stress, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Vulnerable Populations
Kim DH, Bassett SM, So S
Family stress and youth mental health problems: self-efficacy and future orientation mediation.
This study assessed whether future orientation and self-esteem affected the relationship between family stress and mental health problems among African American youth in predominantly low-income neighborhoods. Youths (mainly female, average age 15.83 years old) were sampled for family stress, self-esteem, future orientation, mental health and other covariates such as gender and sexual orientation. A correlation was found between future orientation and self-esteem levels and family stress and mental health problems.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Kim DH, Bassett SM, So S .
Family stress and youth mental health problems: self-efficacy and future orientation mediation.
Am J Orthopsychiatry 2019;89(2):125-33. doi: 10.1037/ort0000371..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Low-Income, Behavioral Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Stress, Vulnerable Populations
Frazier SE, Parker SH
Measurement of physiological responses to acute stress in multiple occupations: a systematic review and implications for front line healthcare providers.
The purpose of this review was to examine and synthesize empirical literature to identify studies assessing physiological responses to acute stress, determine common methods for measuring acute stress in near real-time, and identify common research designs employed across industries. The authors suggest that their review demonstrated that acute stress was primarily assessed retrospectively, and that there was a pragmatic gap in methodological approach, with many data collection methods inappropriate for the healthcare environment.
AHRQ-funded; HS023465.
Citation: Frazier SE, Parker SH .
Measurement of physiological responses to acute stress in multiple occupations: a systematic review and implications for front line healthcare providers.
Transl Behav Med 2019 Jan;9(1):158-66. doi: 10.1093/tbm/iby019..
Keywords: Provider, Stress