Table 3. Summary of the Effect of Feedback from Screening on Rates of Diagnosis
Screening for Depression in Adults: Summary of the Evidence
The summaries of the evidence briefly present evidence of effectiveness for preventive health services used in primary care clinical settings, including screening tests, counseling, and chemoprevention. They summarize the more detailed Systematic Evidence Reviews, which are used by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) to make recommendations.
| Author, Year (Reference) | Participants with Diagnosis | Absolute Difference (95% CI) | P Value2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group | Control Group | |||
| % (n/n) | percentage points | |||
| Johnstone and Goldberg, 1976 (14)3 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Moore et al., 1978 (15)3 | 56 (28/50) | 22 (10/46) | 34 (16.7 to 52) | < 0.001 |
| Linn and Yager, 1980 (16)4 | 29 (7/24) | 8 (4/50) | 21 (1 to 41) | |
| Zung and King, 1983 (17)5 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Magruder-Habib et al., 1990 (18)5 | 25 (12/48) | 8 (4/52) | 17 (3 to 32) | 0.018 |
| Callahan et al., 1994 (19)5 | 32 (32/100) | 12 (9/75) | 20 (8 to 32) | 0.002 |
| Callahan et al., 1996 (21)5 | 87 (111/128) | 40 (38/94) | 46 (35 to 58) | 0.001 |
| Dowrick, 1995 (20)3 | 35 (18/51) | 21 (13/63) | 15 (-2 to 31) | |
| Lewis et al., 1996 (22)3 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Reifler et al., 1996 (23) | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Williams et al., 1999 (11)3 | 39 (30/77) | 29 (11/38) | 10 (-8 to 28) | > 0.05 |
| Katzelnick et al., 2000 (12) | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Wells et al., 2000 (24)3 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Whooley et al., 2000 (25)3 | 35 (56/162) | 34 (58/169) | 1 (-9 to 10) | > 0.2 |
| Rost et al., 2001 (13) | NR | NR | NR | NR |
1 All figures are rounded to nearest value. NR = not reported and cannot be calculated from available data.
2 P values were not always reported.
3 Denominator is patients who screened positive.
4 Denominator is all patients.
5 Denominator is patients who screened positive and were confirmed to have major depression on diagnostic interview.
