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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 16 of 16 Research Studies DisplayedPatnode CD, Henderson JT, Thompson JH
Behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy interventions for tobacco cessation in adults, including pregnant women: a review of reviews for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers reviewed the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy and behavioral interventions for tobacco cessation. They concluded that behavioral and pharmacotherapy interventions improve rates of smoking cessation among the general adult population, alone or in combination. Data on the effectiveness and safety of electronic nicotine delivery systems are limited.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Henderson JT, Thompson JH .
Behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy interventions for tobacco cessation in adults, including pregnant women: a review of reviews for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Oct 20;163(8):608-21. doi: 10.7326/m15-0171..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Evidence-Based Practice, Medication, Pregnancy, Prevention, Tobacco Use, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Women
Silverberg MJ, Lau B, Achenbach CJ
Cumulative incidence of cancer among persons with HIV in North America: a cohort study.
The primary objective of the study was to compare time trends in cumulative cancer incidence in persons with and without HIV. It concluded that the high cumulative incidences by age 75 years for Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and lung cancer support early and sustained antiretroviral therapy and smoking cessation.
AHRQ-funded; 90047713/PHS.
Citation: Silverberg MJ, Lau B, Achenbach CJ .
Cumulative incidence of cancer among persons with HIV in North America: a cohort study.
Ann Intern Med 2015 Oct 6;163(7):507-18. doi: 10.7326/m14-2768..
Keywords: Cancer, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Tobacco Use
Yawn BP, Rank MA, Bertram SL
Obesity, low levels of physical activity and smoking present opportunities for primary care asthma interventions: an analysis of baseline data from the asthma tools study.
The researchers calculated cross-sectional frequencies of activity levels, smoking, secondhand smoke exposure and the presence of obesity, as well as rates of out-of-control asthma and asthma exacerbations. They found that tobacco smoke exposure, obesity, low activity levels, poverty, inadequately controlled asthma and high asthma-related health-care utilization were common. Across all age groups, obesity was associated with poorer asthma outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS018431.
Citation: Yawn BP, Rank MA, Bertram SL .
Obesity, low levels of physical activity and smoking present opportunities for primary care asthma interventions: an analysis of baseline data from the asthma tools study.
NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2015 Oct 1;25:15058. doi: 10.1038/npjpcrm.2015.58..
Keywords: Asthma, Obesity, Tobacco Use, Primary Care, Outcomes
Ware JE, Gandek B, Kulasekaran A
Evaluation of smoking-specific and generic quality of life measures in current and former smokers in Germany and the United States.
The researchers evaluated the psychometric properties of German- and English-language versions of survey scales representing both types of measures in samples of current and former smokers. They concluded that German- and English-language Tobacco Quality of Life Impact Tool (TQOLIT) surveys have comparable and satisfactory psychometric properties. Cross-sectional tests, including correlations with four biomarkers, support the validity of the new smoking-specific measures for use in studies of otherwise healthy smokers.
AHRQ-funded; HS023117.
Citation: Ware JE, Gandek B, Kulasekaran A .
Evaluation of smoking-specific and generic quality of life measures in current and former smokers in Germany and the United States.
Health Qual Life Outcomes 2015 Aug 16;13:128. doi: 10.1186/s12955-015-0316-3..
Keywords: Quality of Life, Tobacco Use
Aschbrenner KA, Brunette MF, McElvery R
Cigarette smoking and interest in quitting among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness enrolled in a fitness intervention.
The authors explored cigarette smoking, health status, and interest in quitting among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness enrolled in a fitness intervention. Using the In SHAPE fitness intervention data, the researchers found that 84% of smokers were interested in quitting. Smokers in the intervention had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and were less ready to reduce dietary fat.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Brunette MF, McElvery R .
Cigarette smoking and interest in quitting among overweight and obese adults with serious mental illness enrolled in a fitness intervention.
J Nerv Ment Dis 2015 Jun;203(6):473-6. doi: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000309.
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Keywords: Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Behavioral Health, Obesity, Tobacco Use
Leeman J, Myers AE, Ribisl KM
Disseminating policy and environmental change interventions: insights from obesity prevention and tobacco control.
This paper describes the approach that two projects developed to disseminate policy and environmental change interventions. The Center for Training and Research Translation (Center TRT) disseminates evidence-based interventions (EBIs) to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Counter Tobacco disseminates EBIs to counter tobacco product sales and marketing in the retail environment.
AHRQ-funded; HS019468.
Citation: Leeman J, Myers AE, Ribisl KM .
Disseminating policy and environmental change interventions: insights from obesity prevention and tobacco control.
Int J Behav Med 2015 Jun;22(3):301-11. doi: 10.1007/s12529-014-9427-1..
Keywords: Communication, Evidence-Based Practice, Obesity, Policy, Prevention, Public Health, Tobacco Use, Implementation
Witt WP, Mandell KC, Wisk LE
Predictors of alcohol and tobacco use prior to and during pregnancy in the US: the role of maternal stressors.
The purpose of the study was to understand the association between stressful life events prior to conception (PSLEs) and women’s alcohol and tobacco use prior to and during pregnancy, and the continuation of such use through pregnancy. It finds that PSLEs are associated with increased tobacco use prior to and during pregnancy, as well as an increased amount of alcohol use during pregnancy among U.S. women.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063; HS000083.
Citation: Witt WP, Mandell KC, Wisk LE .
Predictors of alcohol and tobacco use prior to and during pregnancy in the US: the role of maternal stressors.
Arch Womens Ment Health 2015 Jun;18(3):523-37. doi: 10.1007/s00737-014-047-9.
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Keywords: Pregnancy, Lifestyle Changes, Alcohol Use, Tobacco Use, Maternal Care
Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K
AHRQ Author: Mabry-Hernandez I
Screening for oral cancer.
This case study involves a 35-year-old man with a 15-year history of using chewing tobacco. It poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Mabry-Hernandez I, Chu K .
Screening for oral cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2015 Mar 15;91(6):387-8..
Keywords: Cancer, Tobacco Use, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Risk, Case Study
Wen KY, Miller SM, Roussi P
A content analysis of self-reported barriers and facilitators to preventing postpartum smoking relapse among a sample of current and former smokers in an underserved population.
The researchers conducted in-person interviews to characterize the barriers and facilitators that prevent postpartum relapse and maintain smoking abstinence among a socioeconomically underserved population. They found that participants reported four main strategies that helped them to successfully cope with postpartum cravings and relapses, including being informed of smoking risks, maintaining goal-oriented thoughts, focusing on their concerns about the baby's health, and receiving positive social support from families and friends.
AHRQ-funded; HS019001.
Citation: Wen KY, Miller SM, Roussi P .
A content analysis of self-reported barriers and facilitators to preventing postpartum smoking relapse among a sample of current and former smokers in an underserved population.
Health Educ Res 2015 Feb;30(1):140-51. doi: 10.1093/her/cyu048.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Healthcare Delivery, Prevention, Tobacco Use, Vulnerable Populations
Aschbrenner KA, Ferron JC, Mueser KT
Social predictors of cessation treatment use among smokers with serious mental illness.
The aim of this exploratory study was to prospectively examine the influence of social factors on use of smoking cessation treatment among individuals with serious mental illness. For people with serious mental illness, social factors appear to influence use of smoking cessation treatment above and beyond personal factors and may be specific to the type of treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Ferron JC, Mueser KT .
Social predictors of cessation treatment use among smokers with serious mental illness.
Addict Behav 2015 Feb;41:169-74. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.10.020..
Keywords: Tobacco Use, Behavioral Health, Outcomes
Lebrun-Harris LA, Fiore MC, Tomoyasu N
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Cigarette smoking, desire to quit, and tobacco-related counseling among patients at adult health centers.
A national survey of adult patients at health centers found a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking (31 percent) than among the general adult population (21 percent). Among the currently smoking health center patients, 83 percent desired to quit and 68 percent had received tobacco counseling.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Lebrun-Harris LA, Fiore MC, Tomoyasu N .
Cigarette smoking, desire to quit, and tobacco-related counseling among patients at adult health centers.
Am J Public Health. 2015 Jan;105(1):180-8..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Community-Based Practice, Tobacco Use
Shadel WG, Elliott MN, Haas AC
Clinician advice to quit smoking among seniors.
This study describes patterns of clinician cessation advice to US seniors, including variation by Medicare beneficiary characteristics. It found that only 51% of smokers say they receive cessation advice “always” or “usually” at doctor visits, with advice more often given to the young, those in low-smoking regions, Asians, and women.
AHRQ-funded; HS016978.
Citation: Shadel WG, Elliott MN, Haas AC .
Clinician advice to quit smoking among seniors.
Prev Med 2015 Jan;70:83-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.11.020..
Keywords: Tobacco Use, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Education: Patient and Caregiver, Medicare, Clinician-Patient Communication
Chavez LJ, Ornelas IJ, Lyles CR
Racial/ethnic workplace discrimination: association with tobacco and alcohol use.
The authors examined the association between workplace discrimination and tobacco and alcohol use in a large, multistate sample of U.S. adult respondents to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey Reactions to Race Module (2004-2010). They found that, among Hispanics, workplace discrimination was associated with increased heavy and binge drinking, but not any alcohol use or smoking. Workplace discrimination among black non-Hispanics and white Non-Hispanics was associated with increased current and daily smoking, but not alcohol outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853; HS022408; HS022800.
Citation: Chavez LJ, Ornelas IJ, Lyles CR .
Racial/ethnic workplace discrimination: association with tobacco and alcohol use.
Am J Prev Med 2015 Jan;48(1):42-9. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.08.013.
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Keywords: Alcohol Use, Lifestyle Changes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Tobacco Use
Bauer NS, Anand V, Carroll AE
Secondhand smoke exposure, parental depressive symptoms and preschool behavioral outcomes.
In order to learn about the association of second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure to behavioral conditions among preschoolers, the researchers looked at billing and pharmacy claims and medical encounter level data. They found that SHS is associated with behavioral conditions such as attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and disruptive behavior disorder.
AHRQ-funded; HS018453; HS017939
Citation: Bauer NS, Anand V, Carroll AE .
Secondhand smoke exposure, parental depressive symptoms and preschool behavioral outcomes.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2015 Jan-Feb;30(1):227-35. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2014.06.004..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Tobacco Use
Richards MR, Marti J
Heterogeneity in the smoking response to health shocks by out-of-pocket spending risk.
Using longitudinal data from 11 European countries, the researchers investigated the impact of a new cardiovascular (CV) health shock on smoking decisions among older adults and examine whether personal exposure to medical spending risk influences the smoking response. They found that CV shocks impact the propensity to smoke, with relatively more impact among individuals with high financial risk exposure to medical spending.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Richards MR, Marti J .
Heterogeneity in the smoking response to health shocks by out-of-pocket spending risk.
Health Econ Policy Law 2014 Oct;9(4):343-57. doi: 10.1017/s1744133114000152..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Tobacco Use, Lifestyle Changes, Health Insurance, Social Determinants of Health
Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW
AHRQ Author: Miller T
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
The researchers conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of health communication campaigns that use multiple channels, including mass media, and distribute health-related products. They concluded that health communication campaigns that combine mass media and other communication channels with distribution of free or reduced-price health-related products are effective in improving healthy behaviors. They expect this intervention to be applicable across U.S. demographic groups, with appropriate population targeting.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW .
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
Am J Prev Med 2014 Sep;47(3):360-71. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.034.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Social Media, Tobacco Use