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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (4)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (2)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
- Hospital Readmissions (3)
- Hospitals (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Labor and Delivery (1)
- Mortality (3)
- (-) Outcomes (14)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (3)
- (-) Patient Safety (14)
- Provider Performance (1)
- Quality Improvement (2)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (1)
- Quality Measures (1)
- Quality of Care (4)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Registries (1)
- Surgery (8)
- Treatments (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies DisplayedScally CP, Yin H, Birkmeyer JD
Comparing perioperative processes of care in high and low mortality centers performing pancreatic surgery.
The researchers compared high and low mortality hospitals in order to identify differences in patient care impacting safety. They concluded that high and low mortality hospitals both have high compliance with common quality measures; however, high mortality hospitals performed worse in other areas of perioperative care, indicating possible targets for quality improvement efforts.
AHRQ-funded; HS020937.
Citation: Scally CP, Yin H, Birkmeyer JD .
Comparing perioperative processes of care in high and low mortality centers performing pancreatic surgery.
J Surg Oncol 2015 Dec;112(8):866-71. doi: 10.1002/jso.24085.
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Keywords: Surgery, Mortality, Quality Improvement, Outcomes, Patient Safety
Grenda TR, Revels SL, Yin H
Lung cancer resection at hospitals with high vs low mortality rates.
The objective of this study was to evaluate perioperative outcomes in patients who underwent lung cancer resection at high-mortality hospitals [HMHs] and low-mortality hospitals [LMHs]) in order to better understand the factors related to differences in mortality rates after lung cancer resection. It concluded that failure-to-rescue rates are higher at HMHs, which may explain the large differences between hospitals in mortality rates following lung cancer resection.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053; HS020937.
Citation: Grenda TR, Revels SL, Yin H .
Lung cancer resection at hospitals with high vs low mortality rates.
JAMA Surg 2015 Nov;150(11):1034-40. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2015.2199..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Surgery, Mortality, Outcomes, Patient Safety
Feldman DS, Bollman DL, Fridman M
Do laborists improve delivery outcomes for laboring women in California community hospitals?
The researchers sought to determine the impact of the laborists staffing model on cesarean rates and maternal morbidity in California community hospitals. They were unable to demonstrate differences in cesarean and maternal childbirth complication rates in community hospitals with and without laborists.
AHRQ-funded; HS020915.
Citation: Feldman DS, Bollman DL, Fridman M .
Do laborists improve delivery outcomes for laboring women in California community hospitals?
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015 Oct;213(4):587.e1-87.e13. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.05.051..
Keywords: Labor and Delivery, Outcomes, Patient Safety, Women
Pierce RA, Lessler J, Milstone AM
Expanding the statistical toolbox: analytic approaches for cohort studies with healthcare-associated infectious outcomes.
This review intends to convey the scope of available statistical methodology to better understand the process of pathogen acquisition or HAI development. It determined that despite the range of methods available, logistic regression remains the dominant statistical approach in use. Poisson regression, survival methods, and mechanistic (mathematical) models remain underutilized.
AHRQ-funded; HS022872.
Citation: Pierce RA, Lessler J, Milstone AM .
Expanding the statistical toolbox: analytic approaches for cohort studies with healthcare-associated infectious outcomes.
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2015 Aug;28(4):384-91. doi: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000179..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Adverse Events, Outcomes, Patient Safety
Moghavem N, Morrison D, Ratliff JK
Cranial neurosurgical 30-day readmissions by clinical indication.
The objects of this study were to determine population-level, 30-day, all-cause readmission rates for cranial neurosurgery and identify factors associated with readmission. It fund that the frequency of 30-day readmission rates for patients undergoing cranial neurosurgery varied by diagnosis between 14% and 24%. Important patient characteristics and comorbidities that were associated with an increased readmission risk were identified.
AHRQ-funded; HS018558.
Citation: Moghavem N, Morrison D, Ratliff JK .
Cranial neurosurgical 30-day readmissions by clinical indication.
J Neurosurg 2015 Jul;123(1):189-97. doi: 10.3171/2014.12.jns14447..
Keywords: Hospital Readmissions, Surgery, Patient Safety, Outcomes
Osterman MT, Haynes K, Delzell E
Effectiveness and safety of immunomodulators with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in Crohn's disease.
This study assessed the effectiveness and safety of immunomodulators with anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in Crohn’s disease (CD). It found that continuation of immunomodulators after “stepping up” to anti-TNF therapy did not improve outcomes but was associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infection.
AHRQ-funded; HS018517.
Citation: Osterman MT, Haynes K, Delzell E .
Effectiveness and safety of immunomodulators with anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy in Crohn's disease.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015 Jul;13(7):1293-301.e5; quiz e70, e72. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2015.02.017..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Durkin MJ, Dicks KV, Baker AW
Postoperative infection in spine surgery: does the month matter?
The authors evaluated for seasonal variation of surgical site infection (SSI) following spine surgery in a network of nonteaching community hospitals. They found that the rate of SSI following fusion or spinal laminectomy/laminoplasty was higher during the summer in this network of community hospitals, most likely due to S. aureus rather than the July effect.
AHRQ-funded; HS023866.
Citation: Durkin MJ, Dicks KV, Baker AW .
Postoperative infection in spine surgery: does the month matter?
J Neurosurg Spine 2015 Jul;23(1):128-34. doi: 10.3171/2014.10.spine14559.
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Keywords: Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Injuries and Wounds, Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Hospitals, Outcomes, Quality of Care
Abdelsattar ZM, Hendren S, Wong SL
Variation in transfusion practices and the effect on outcomes after noncardiac surgery.
The researchers assessed the hospital-level variation in transfusion practices for packed red blood cells and the patient-level effects on outcomes after noncardiac general or vascular surgery, using population-based prospectively collected data. They found that postoperative transfusions after noncardiac surgery are associated with increased adverse postoperative outcomes, with the exception of postoperative myocardial infarction.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053.
Citation: Abdelsattar ZM, Hendren S, Wong SL .
Variation in transfusion practices and the effect on outcomes after noncardiac surgery.
Ann Surg 2015 Jul;262(1):1-6. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000001264..
Keywords: Patient Safety, Surgery, Outcomes, Adverse Events
LeBlanc TW, Nipp RD, Rushing CN
Correlation between the international consensus definition of the Cancer Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome (CACS) and patient-centered outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
The researchers applied the recently posed weight-based international consensus CACS definition to a population of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explored its impact on patient-reported outcomes. They concluded that it is useful in identifying patients with advanced NSCLC who are likely to have significantly inferior survival and who will develop more precipitous declines in physical function and QOL.
AHRQ-funded; HS022763.
Citation: LeBlanc TW, Nipp RD, Rushing CN .
Correlation between the international consensus definition of the Cancer Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome (CACS) and patient-centered outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
J Pain Symptom Manage 2015 Apr;49(4):680-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.09.008..
Keywords: Cancer: Lung Cancer, Patient Safety, Quality of Life, Mortality, Outcomes
Brown SE, Ratcliffe SJ, Halpern SD
Assessing the utility of ICU readmissions as a quality metric: an analysis of changes mediated by residency work-hour reforms.
This study sought to determine whether ICU readmission rates changed after the 2003 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Resident Duty Hours reform and whether there were temporally corresponding changes in other ICU outcomes. The decrease in ICU readmission rates after reform, without corresponding changes in mortality, suggest that ICU readmissions are not causally related to other untoward patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS018406.
Citation: Brown SE, Ratcliffe SJ, Halpern SD .
Assessing the utility of ICU readmissions as a quality metric: an analysis of changes mediated by residency work-hour reforms.
Chest 2015 Mar;147(3):626-36. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-1060..
Keywords: Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Hospital Readmissions, Quality of Care, Patient Safety, Outcomes
Lee MJ, Shonnard N, Farrokhi F
The Spine Surgical Care and Outcomes Assessment Program (Spine SCOAP): a surgeon-led approach to quality and safety.
The researchers sought to identify variation in utilization, processes of care, and outcomes in spine surgery to improve statewide quality and safety. They found significant variability in the indications, process of care, and outcomes related to spine surgery. This variability indicates the need for continued surveillance initiatives and point to opportunities for quality improvement and research.
AHRQ-funded; HS020025.
Citation: Lee MJ, Shonnard N, Farrokhi F .
The Spine Surgical Care and Outcomes Assessment Program (Spine SCOAP): a surgeon-led approach to quality and safety.
Spine 2015 Mar 1;40(5):332-41. doi: 10.1097/brs.0000000000000750..
Keywords: Surgery, Quality of Care, Patient Safety, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes
Scialla JJ, Liu J, Crews DC
An instrumental variable approach finds no associated harm or benefit with early dialysis initiation in the United States.
The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at dialysis initiation has been rising. This study described geographic variation in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at dialysis initiation and determine its association with mortality. It found no associated harm or benefit with early dialysis initiation in the United States.
AHRQ-funded; 290200500341I.
Citation: Scialla JJ, Liu J, Crews DC .
An instrumental variable approach finds no associated harm or benefit with early dialysis initiation in the United States.
Kidney Int 2014 Oct;86(4):798-809. doi: 10.1038/ki.2014.110..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Outcomes, Patient Safety, Registries
Goode AP, Richardson WJ, Schectman RM
Complications, revision fusions, readmissions, and utilization over a 1-year period after bone morphogenetic protein use during primary cervical spine fusions.
The authors sought to determine the 1-year risk of complications, cervical revision fusions, hospital readmissions, and health care services utilization after bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) use with cervical spine fusions. They found that patients receiving BMP were 29% more likely to have a complication and a nervous system complication; cervical revision fusions were more likely among patients receiving BMP; the risk of 30-day readmission was greater with BMP use; and readmission occurred 27.4% sooner on an average. Additionally, patients receiving BMP were more likely to receive computed tomography scans and epidurals with anterior surgical approaches.
AHRQ-funded; HS019479.
Citation: Goode AP, Richardson WJ, Schectman RM .
Complications, revision fusions, readmissions, and utilization over a 1-year period after bone morphogenetic protein use during primary cervical spine fusions.
Spine J 2014 Sep;14(9):2051-9. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.11.042.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Hospital Readmissions, Patient Safety, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Treatments
Maggard-Gibbons M
The use of report cards and outcome measurements to improve the safety of surgical care: the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.
This review summarized the history of American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project and its components, and described the evidence that feeding outcomes back to providers, along with real-time comparisons with other hospital rates, leads to quality improvement, better patient outcomes, cost savings and overall improved patient safety.
AHRQ-funded; 2902007100621.
Citation: Maggard-Gibbons M .
The use of report cards and outcome measurements to improve the safety of surgical care: the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.
BMJ Qual Saf 2014 Jul;23(7):589-99. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2013-002223..
Keywords: Quality Improvement, Quality Indicators (QIs), Quality Measures, Quality of Care, Surgery, Patient Safety, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Provider Performance