National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
2076 to 2092 of 2092 Research Studies DisplayedSpector WD
AHRQ Author: Spector WD
Response to letter to the editor regarding the paper "potentially avoidable hospitalization for elderly long-stay residents in nursing homes".
The author argues against the strategy than is implied by Dr. Powers’ letter to the editor. Rather than adding one aspect of care organization at a time to administrative data, he states that we should identify a small set of easily collected measures that generally modify the effects of care organization innovations. With these in place, we can then add measures like consistent assignment to better understand how it improves clinical outcomes.
AHRQ-authored
Citation: Spector WD .
Response to letter to the editor regarding the paper "potentially avoidable hospitalization for elderly long-stay residents in nursing homes".
Med Care 2014 Jan;52(1):93-4. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000072..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Elderly, Outcomes, Long-Term Care, Nursing Homes
Sloane PD, Kistler C, Mitchell CM
Role of body temperature in diagnosing bacterial infection in nursing home residents.
The goals of this study were to provide empirically based guidance on the role of body temperature and fever in the clinical diagnosis of infections. When the researchers compared their empirically derived definitions of fever with those commonly used to justify the prescription of antibiotics for systemic infections, they concluded that the empirical, less-stringent definitions appeared to better fit the clinical realities of nursing home work.
AHRQ-funded; 290200600011I.
Citation: Sloane PD, Kistler C, Mitchell CM .
Role of body temperature in diagnosing bacterial infection in nursing home residents.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2014 Jan;62(1):135-40..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Decision Making
Rangachari P, Madaio M, Rethemeyer RK
Role of communication content and frequency in enabling evidence-based practices.
The study sought to promote central line bundle (CLB) implementation in a medical ICU and a pediatric ICU through periodic quality improvement (QI) interventions over a 52-week period. It found that proactive communications increased by 68 percent in the MICU and 61 percent in the PICU. During the same timeframe, both units increased CLB adherence to 100 percent. Both units also demonstrated statistically significant declines in catheter days.
AHRQ-funded; HS019785.
Citation: Rangachari P, Madaio M, Rethemeyer RK .
Role of communication content and frequency in enabling evidence-based practices.
Qual Manag Health Care 2014 Jan-Mar;23(1):43-58. doi: 10.1097/qmh.0000000000000017..
Keywords: Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections (CLABSI), Communication, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Quality of Care, Quality Improvement
Zhang Y, McCoy RG, Mason JE
Second-line agents for glycemic control for type 2 diabetes: are newer agents better?
The researchers aimed to assess the benefits and harms of four commonly used antihyperglycemia treatment regimens considering clinical effectiveness, quality of life, and cost. According to the model used by the researchers, all regimens resulted in similar life years and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) regardless of glycemic control goal, but the regimen with sulfonylurea incurred significantly lower cost per QALY.
AHRQ-funded; HS017628.
Citation: Zhang Y, McCoy RG, Mason JE .
Second-line agents for glycemic control for type 2 diabetes: are newer agents better?
Diabetes Care 2014;37(5):1338-45. doi: 10.2337/dc13-1901..
Keywords: Diabetes, Comparative Effectiveness, Quality of Life, Medication
Bleser WK, Miller-Day M, Naughton D
Strategies for achieving whole-practice engagement and buy-in to the patient-centered medical home.
In this paper the authors describe strategies for obtaining organizational buy-in to and whole-staff engagement of patient-centered medical home (PCMH) transformation and practice improvement. The investigators suggest that their study provides a list of strategies useful for facilitating PCMH transformation in primary care. They assert that these strategies could be investigated empirically in future research, used to guide medical practices undergoing or considering PCMH transformation, and used to inform health care policy makers.
AHRQ-funded; HS019150.
Citation: Bleser WK, Miller-Day M, Naughton D .
Strategies for achieving whole-practice engagement and buy-in to the patient-centered medical home.
Ann Fam Med 2014 Jan-Feb;12(1):37-45. doi: 10.1370/afm.1564..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Organizational Change, Primary Care: Models of Care, Primary Care, Practice Improvement, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Physician, Provider: Clinician, Provider
Etchegaray JM, Ottosen MJ, Burress L
Structuring patient and family involvement in medical error event disclosure and analysis.
The researchers conducted a two-phase study to understand whether patients and families who have experienced an adverse event should be involved in the postevent analysis following the disclosure of a medical error. After evaluating the findings, participants concluded that increasing the involvement of patients and their families in the event analysis process was desirable but needed to be structured in a patient-centered way to be successful.
AHRQ-funded; HS019561.
Citation: Etchegaray JM, Ottosen MJ, Burress L .
Structuring patient and family involvement in medical error event disclosure and analysis.
Health Aff 2014 Jan;33(1):46-52. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0831..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Medical Liability, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient Safety
Hsuan C, Rodriguez HP
The adoption and discontinuation of clinical services by local health departments.
The researchers identified factors associated with local health department (LHD) adoption and discontinuation of clinical services. They found that most LHDs are discontinuing clinical services over time. Those that cover a wide range of core public health functions are less likely to discontinue services when residents lack care access.
AHRQ-funded; AHRQ Predoctoral Traineeship.
Citation: Hsuan C, Rodriguez HP .
The adoption and discontinuation of clinical services by local health departments.
Am J Public Health 2014 Jan;104(1):124-33. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2013.301426..
Keywords: Public Health, Access to Care, Health Services Research (HSR)
Meyerhoefer CD, Zuvekas SH, Manski R
AHRQ Author: Zuvekas SH, Manski R
The demand for preventive and restorative dental services.
The authors sought to examine the extent to which limited dental coverage and high out-of-pocket costs reduce dental service use by the nonelderly privately insured and uninsured. They concluded that dental coverage is an important determinant of preventive dental service use, but other nonprice factors related to consumer preferences, especially education, are equal if not stronger determinants.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Meyerhoefer CD, Zuvekas SH, Manski R .
The demand for preventive and restorative dental services.
Health Econ 2014 Jan;23(1):14-32. doi: 10.1002/hec.2899.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Dental and Oral Health, Health Insurance, Health Services Research (HSR), Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
Erten MZ, Davidoff AJ, Zuckerman IH
AHRQ Author: Davidoff AJ
The effect of supplemental medical and prescription drug coverage on health care spending for Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.
The researchers examined whether patients with newly diagnosed cancer respond differently to supplemental coverage than the general Medicare population. They concluded that Medicare beneficiaries with cancer are less responsive to the presence and type of supplemental insurance than are beneficiaries without cancer. They recommended that policymakers consider welfare effects associated with coverage restrictions.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Erten MZ, Davidoff AJ, Zuckerman IH .
The effect of supplemental medical and prescription drug coverage on health care spending for Medicare beneficiaries with cancer.
Value Health 2014 Jan-Feb;17(1):15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2013.11.003.
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Keywords: Cancer, Health Insurance, Medicare, Medication
Basu J, Mobley LR, Thumula V
AHRQ Author: Basu J
The small area predictors of ambulatory care sensitive hospitalizations: a comparison of changes over time.
The investigators examined the predictors of ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) admissions in small geographic areas in two cross-sections spanning an 11-year time interval (1995-2005). They found that ACSC admission rates were inversely related to the availability of local primary care physicians, and managed care was associated with declines in ACSC admissions for the elderly. Additionally, minorities, aged elderly, and percent under federal poverty level were found to be associated with higher ACSC rates. They concluded that improvements in socioeconomic conditions and geographic access may have helped improve the quality of primary care received by the elderly over the last decade, particularly among some minority groups.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Basu J, Mobley LR, Thumula V .
The small area predictors of ambulatory care sensitive hospitalizations: a comparison of changes over time.
Soc Work Public Health 2014;29(2):176-88. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2013.776316.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Hospitalization, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Primary Care
Sorkin DH, Ngo-Metzger Q
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
The unique health status and health care experiences of older Asian Americans: research findings and treatment recommendations.
Asian Americans over 65 years of age are among the fastest growing minority groups in the United States. Although the health status of Asian Americans when considered as a group is remarkably good, certain Asian American groups suffer high rates of illness and disability from specific health causes. This article discusses the unique health status and health care experiences of older Asian Americans and includes research findings and treatment recommendations.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Sorkin DH, Ngo-Metzger Q .
The unique health status and health care experiences of older Asian Americans: research findings and treatment recommendations.
Clin Gerontol 2014 2014/11/06;37(1):18-32. doi: 10.1080/07317115.2013.847513..
Keywords: Elderly, Patient Experience, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Weng C, Payne PR, Velez M
Towards symbiosis in knowledge representation and natural language processing for structuring clinical practice guidelines.
This vision paper discusses the value and feasibility of supporting symbiosis in text-based knowledge acquisition (KA) and knowledge representation (KR). It concludes that KA for KR should be made explicit, scalable, elastic, iterative, and “just expressive enough” to allow NLP-assisted knowledge engineering and increase the facility by which clinical practice guidelines are translated from research into practice.
AHRQ-funded; HS022961.
Citation: Weng C, Payne PR, Velez M .
Towards symbiosis in knowledge representation and natural language processing for structuring clinical practice guidelines.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2014;201:461-9..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Implementation, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Bauer NS, Carroll AE, Downs SM
Understanding the acceptability of a computer decision support system in pediatric primary care.
In this study, the investigators examine the attitudes and opinions of pediatric users' toward the Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation (CHICA) system, a computer decision support system linked to an electronic health record in four community pediatric clinics. The investigators found that pediatric users appreciated the system's automation and enhancements that allowed relevant and meaningful clinical data to be accessible at point of care.
AHRQ-funded; HS018453; HS017939.
Citation: Bauer NS, Carroll AE, Downs SM .
Understanding the acceptability of a computer decision support system in pediatric primary care.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2014 Jan-Feb;21(1):146-53. doi: 10.1136/amiajnl-2013-001851..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Decision Making, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Primary Care
Bauer NS, Carroll AE, Downs SM
Understanding the acceptability of a computer decision support system in pediatric primary care.
In this study, the investigators examine the attitudes and opinions of pediatric users' toward the Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation (CHICA) system, a computer decision support system linked to an electronic health record in four community pediatric clinics. The investigators found that pediatric users appreciated the system's automation and enhancements that allowed relevant and meaningful clinical data to be accessible at point of care.
AHRQ-funded; HS018453; HS017939.
Citation: Bauer NS, Carroll AE, Downs SM .
Understanding the acceptability of a computer decision support system in pediatric primary care.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2014 Jan-Feb;21(1):146-53. doi: 10.1136/amiajnl-2013-001851..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Decision Making, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Primary Care
Yoon S, Taha B, Bakken S
Using a data mining approach to discover behavior correlates of chronic disease: a case study of depression.
The purposes of this methodological paper are: 1) to describe data mining methods for building a classification model for a chronic disease using a U.S. behavior risk factor data set, and 2) to illustrate application of the methods using a case study of depressive disorder. Its application of data mining strategies identified childhood experience living with mentally ill and sexual abuse, and limited usual activity as the strongest correlates of depression among hundreds of variables.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853; HS022961.
Citation: Yoon S, Taha B, Bakken S .
Using a data mining approach to discover behavior correlates of chronic disease: a case study of depression.
Stud Health Technol Inform 2014;201:71-8..
Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Behavioral Health, Depression, Health Information Technology (HIT), Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Lawrence JM, Black MH, Zhang JL
Validation of pediatric diabetes case identification approaches for diagnosed cases by using information in the electronic health records of a large integrated managed health care organization.
The researchers explored the utility of different algorithms for diabetes case identification by using electronic health records. They found that case identification accuracy was highest in 75% of bootstrapped samples for those who had 1 or more outpatient diabetes diagnoses or 1 or more insulin prescriptions and in 25% of samples for those who had 2 or more outpatient diabetes diagnoses and 1 or more antidiabetic medications.
AHRQ-funded; HS019859.
Citation: Lawrence JM, Black MH, Zhang JL .
Validation of pediatric diabetes case identification approaches for diagnosed cases by using information in the electronic health records of a large integrated managed health care organization.
Am J Epidemiol 2014 Jan;179(1):27-38. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwt230..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Leeman J, Teal R, Jernigan J
What evidence and support do state-level public health practitioners need to address obesity prevention.
This study describes interview and survey findings that detail how public health practitioners characterize the obesity prevention task, the types of evidence and support they find most helpful, and their needs for additional evidence and support. The researchers conducted 10 in-depth interviews with public health practitioners and project officers followed by an online survey completed by 62 practitioners.
AHRQ-funded; HS019468.
Citation: Leeman J, Teal R, Jernigan J .
What evidence and support do state-level public health practitioners need to address obesity prevention.
Am J Health Promot 2014 Jan-Feb;28(3):189-96. doi: 10.4278/ajhp.120518-QUAL-266..
Keywords: Obesity, Prevention, Public Health