National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Behavioral Health (2)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cancer (4)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Ovarian Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (3)
- Case Study (3)
- Children/Adolescents (3)
- Colonoscopy (1)
- Depression (2)
- Diabetes (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (9)
- Eye Disease and Health (1)
- Family Health and History (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Guidelines (5)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (3)
- Imaging (2)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- Prevention (5)
- Primary Care (2)
- Risk (1)
- (-) Screening (18)
- Sexual Health (2)
- Tobacco Use (1)
- (-) U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (18)
- Women (3)
- Young Adults (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 18 of 18 Research Studies DisplayedFeltner C, Grodensky C, Ebel C
Serologic screening for genital herpes: an updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This report assessed the evidence on serologic screening and preventive interventions for Genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in asymptomatic adults and adolescents to support the US Preventive Services Task Force for an updated recommendation statement. It found that serologic screening for genital herpes is associated with a high rate of false-positive test results and potential psychosocial harms.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Feltner C, Grodensky C, Ebel C .
Serologic screening for genital herpes: an updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Dec 20;316(23):2531-43. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.17138.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention
Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T
AHRQ Author: Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T, Chowdhury J, Meyers DS
Sexually transmitted infections: recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
The USPSTF recommends intensive behavioral counseling for all sexually active adolescents and for adults whose history indicates an increased risk of STIs. These interventions can reduce STI acquisition and risky sexual behaviors, and increase condom use and other protective behaviors. The USPSTF also recommends screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in all sexually active women 24 years and younger, and in older women at increased risk.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lee KC, Ngo-Metzger Q, Wolff T .
Sexually transmitted infections: recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Dec 1;94(11):907-15.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Sexual Health, Guidelines, Screening
Chou R, Dana T, Blazina I
Screening for dyslipidemia in younger adults: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
This study's purpose was to update the 2008 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force review on dyslipidemia screening in younger adults. However, no study met the inclusion criteria. As direct evidence remains unavailable, estimating the potential effects of screening for dyslipidemia in younger adults requires extrapolation from studies performed in older adults.
Citation: Chou R, Dana T, Blazina I .
Screening for dyslipidemia in younger adults: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med 2016 Oct 18;165(8):560-64. doi: 10.7326/m16-0946.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Young Adults, Heart Disease and Health, Prevention
Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V
AHRQ Author: Kato E
Screening for depression in adults.
This case study involves a 29-year-old man, who presents to your office for a routine visit. He has a history of being overweight and has hypertension that is controlled by diet and exercise. It poses three multiple choice questions about screening for depression together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kato E, Beswick-Escanlar V .
Screening for depression in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Aug 15;94(4):305-6.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Depression, Behavioral Health, Case Study
Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Dunn J
Lipid Screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of familial hypercholesterolemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on benefits and harms of screening adolescents and children for heterozygous Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) for the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). They found no evidence for the effect of screening for FH in childhood on lipid concentrations or cardiovascular outcomes in adulthood, or on the long-term benefits or harms of beginning lipid-lowering treatment in childhood.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Dunn J .
Lipid Screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of familial hypercholesterolemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Aug 9;316(6):645-55. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.6176.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Children/Adolescents, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice
Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC
Lipid screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of multifactorial dyslipidemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on benefits and harms of screening adolescents and children for multifactorial dyslipidemia for the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). They concluded that diagnostic yield of lipid screening varies by age and body mass index. No direct evidence was identified for benefits or harms of childhood screening or treatment on outcomes in adulthood. Intensive dietary interventions may be safe, with modest short-term benefit of uncertain clinical significance.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Lozano P, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC .
Lipid screening in childhood and adolescence for detection of multifactorial dyslipidemia: evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Aug 9;316(6):634-44. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.6423.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Heart Disease and Health, Children/Adolescents, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice
Wernli KJ, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC
Screening for skin cancer in adults: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
The researchers updated a systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force regarding clinical skin cancer screening among adults. No randomized clinical trials were identified. There was limited evidence on the association between skin cancer screening and mortality. Future research on skin cancer screening should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of targeted screening in those considered to be at higher risk for skin cancer.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Wernli KJ, Henrikson NB, Morrison CC .
Screening for skin cancer in adults: Updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Jul 26;316(4):436-47. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.5415.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice
Croswell J, Owings J
Screening for breast cancer.
This case study involves a 47-year-old woman who presents to your office for a well-woman visit. She is healthy, takes no medications, and has no health concerns. She has never been diagnosed with breast cancer, nor have any of her first-degree relatives. Her digital mammography two years ago was negative, and she asks whether she should be screened again this year. The study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Croswell J, Owings J .
Screening for breast cancer.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jul 15;94(2):143-4.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Imaging, Case Study
Ngo-Metzger Q, Owings J
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for abnormal blood glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
This case study involves a 43-year-old woman with a seven pack-year smoking history. She has no health concerns and has not visited a physician in four years. Her blood pressure and pulse are normal, and her body mass index (BMI) is 27 kg per m2. She does not have a family history of diabetes mellitus. The case study poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Owings J .
Screening for abnormal blood glucose and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jun 15;93(12):1025-6.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Diabetes, Screening, Tobacco Use, Guidelines
Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
This case study involves a 55-year-old black man who presents for a blood pressure evaluation. It poses three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger O, Blitz J .
Screening for high blood pressure in adults.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Mar 15;93(6):511-2.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Blood Pressure, Screening, Guidelines, Case Study, Evidence-Based Practice
Chou R, Dana T, Bougatsos C
Screening for impaired visual acuity in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This update of a 2009 systematic review on screening for impaired visual acuity among older adults found that new evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of visual acuity screening tests was limited and consistent with previous findings that screening questions or a visual acuity test was associated with suboptimal accuracy. Direct evidence found no significant difference between vision screening in older adults in primary care settings vs no screening for improving visual acuity or other clinical outcomes.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Chou R, Dana T, Bougatsos C .
Screening for impaired visual acuity in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2016 Mar 1;315(9):915-33. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.0783.
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Keywords: Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Evidence-Based Practice, Eye Disease and Health, Primary Care, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Forman-Hoffman V, McClure E, McKeeman J
Screening for major depressive disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
This report updates the 2009 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) systematic review on screening for and treatment of Major depressive disorder (MDD) in children and adolescents in primary care settings. No evidence was found of a direct link between screening children and adolescents for MDD in primary care or similar settings and depression or other health-related outcomes. Evidence showed that some screening tools are accurate.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015.
Citation: Forman-Hoffman V, McClure E, McKeeman J .
Screening for major depressive disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force.
Ann Intern Med 2016 Mar 1;164(5):342-9. doi: 10.7326/m15-2259.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Depression, Behavioral Health, Children/Adolescents
Fan T, Blitz J
AHRQ Author: Fan T
Screening for iron deficiency anemia and iron supplementation in pregnant women to improve maternal health and birth outcomes.
This case study involves a 28-year-old woman presents for a routine antepartum visit. She is 33 weeks pregnant and also has a four-year-old son. She has no particular problems, and the findings from your examination are unremarkable. She asks if her blood iron level should be tested. Based on the recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, the quiz asks 3 questions involving screening and treatment.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Fan T, Blitz J .
Screening for iron deficiency anemia and iron supplementation in pregnant women to improve maternal health and birth outcomes.
Am Fam Physician 2016 Jan 15;93(2):137-8..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Screening, Maternal Care, Women, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice
Rezaee ME, Ward CE, Odom BD
Prostate cancer screening practices and diagnoses in patients age 50 and older, Southeastern Michigan, pre/post 2012.
This study investigated the regional impact of the 2012 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation against the use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer. PSA utilization significantly increased during the pre-period, but significantly decreased in the post-period. Prostate biopsies decreased before the 2012 recommendation and did not change afterwards.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Rezaee ME, Ward CE, Odom BD .
Prostate cancer screening practices and diagnoses in patients age 50 and older, Southeastern Michigan, pre/post 2012.
Prev Med 2016 Jan;82:73-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.11.017.
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Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, Elderly, Healthcare Utilization
Smieliauskas F, MacMahon H, Salgia R
Geographic variation in radiologist capacity and widespread implementation of lung cancer CT screening.
The researchers estimated the prevalence of capacity constraints in the radiologist workforce and resulting potential disparities in access to lung cancer screening. They found that scaling up lung cancer screening would increase imaging procedures by an average of 4% across Health Service Areas (HSAs). HSAs that were rural, with many eligible smokers, and disproportionately Hispanic or low-income smokers had significantly higher odds of facing capacity constraints.
AHRQ-funded; HS018535.
Citation: Smieliauskas F, MacMahon H, Salgia R .
Geographic variation in radiologist capacity and widespread implementation of lung cancer CT screening.
J Med Screen 2014 Dec;21(4):207-15. doi: 10.1177/0969141314548055..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer, Cancer: Lung Cancer, Screening, Imaging
Elstad EA, Sheridan SL, Lee JG
Have screening harms become newsworthy? News coverage of prostate and colorectal cancer screening since the 2008 USPSTF recommendation changes.
The researchers aimed to determine whether newspapers portrayed screening for prostate and colorectal cancers differently after the 2008 USPSTF recommendation changes. In US newspapers from 2005 to 2012, they found that benefits in prostate cancer screening articles and harms and benefits in colonoscopy articles did not change over time, but mentions of prostate cancer screening harms increased after 2008. They concluded that consumers, especially lay consumers, are receiving unbalanced information on cancer screening.
AHRQ-funded; HS021133; HS000032.
Citation: Elstad EA, Sheridan SL, Lee JG .
Have screening harms become newsworthy? News coverage of prostate and colorectal cancer screening since the 2008 USPSTF recommendation changes.
J Behav Med 2014 Dec;37(6):1242-51. doi: 10.1007/s10865-014-9572-7.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Goodwin JS, Jaramillo E, Yang L
Is anyone listening? Variation in PSA screening among providers for men 75+ before and after United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations against it: a retrospective cohort study.
The authors assessed prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening by primary care physicians (PCPs) before and after the 2008 United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations. They found that the USPSTF recommendation did not increase consensus among PCPs regarding PSA screening of older men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Goodwin JS, Jaramillo E, Yang L .
Is anyone listening? Variation in PSA screening among providers for men 75+ before and after United States Preventive Services Task Force recommendations against it: a retrospective cohort study.
PLoS One 2014 Sep 10;9(9):e107352. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107352.
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Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Practice Patterns, Primary Care, Screening, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Nelson HD, Pappas M, Zakher B
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women: a systematic review to update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation.
This systematic review was done in support of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) updated recommendation on the benefit and harms of risk assessment, genetic testing, and genetic counseling for BRCA-related cancer in women. A systematic review was done on literature from 2004 to July 30, 2013 from MEDLINE, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Health Technology Assessment, Scopus, and reference lists. Data on the participants, study design, analysis, follow-up, and results was extracted and a second investigator confirmed key data. The studies were rated on study quality and applicability. The analysis found women with high-risk for breast cancer had decreased risk of breast cancer by 85% to 100% by having a mastectomy, and risk of mortality by 81% to 100% compared to women without surgery. There was also a lower risk of breast and ovarian cancer after having salpingo-oopherectomy surgery.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710057
Citation: Nelson HD, Pappas M, Zakher B .
Risk assessment, genetic counseling, and genetic testing for BRCA-related cancer in women: a systematic review to update the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation.
Ann Intern Med 2014 Feb 18;160(4):255-66. doi: 10.7326/m13-1684..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Genetics, Screening, Prevention, Guidelines, Evidence-Based Practice, Women, Risk, Family Health and History