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Topics
- Arthritis (2)
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- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (4)
- Care Management (1)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
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- Communication (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (2)
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- Education: Patient and Caregiver (2)
- Elderly (2)
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- Heart Disease and Health (3)
- (-) Lifestyle Changes (27)
- Low-Income (1)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Nutrition (4)
- Obesity (7)
- Obesity: Weight Management (4)
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- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (4)
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- Sickle Cell Disease (1)
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- Tobacco Use (4)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 27 Research Studies DisplayedBadawy SM, Payne AB, Rodeghier MJ
Exercise capacity and clinical outcomes in adults followed in the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD).
The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with exercise capacity in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) and its relationship to hospitalizations and mortality. The investigators asserted that prospective studies are needed to further evaluate the impact of regular exercise and improved fitness on clinical outcomes and mortality in SCD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Badawy SM, Payne AB, Rodeghier MJ .
Exercise capacity and clinical outcomes in adults followed in the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD).
Eur J Haematol 2018 Oct;101(4):532-41. doi: 10.1111/ejh.13140..
Keywords: Sickle Cell Disease, Lifestyle Changes
Sterling MR, Silva AF, Robbins L
Let's talk numbers: a qualitative study of community-dwelling US adults to understand the role of numeracy in the management of heart failure.
This qualitative study examined the role of numeracy (basic number skills) in the management of patients with heart failure (HF). Thirty men and women aged 47-89 years with a history of HF were recruited from an urban academic primary care practice. Participants all had a history of HF within the past year, were seen at the practice within the last year, and had been hospitalized for HF within the last 6 months. They were interviewed about their numeracy to help manage monitoring weight, maintaining a low-salt diet, and monitoring blood pressure. A wide range of knowledge and understanding was found and fear served as a barrier and facilitator to carrying out HF self-care tasks involving numbers. If the patient has a caregiver who also lacks those skills or does not have HF care training, patients may not be managing their HF as well as they should.
AHRQ-funded; HS000066.
Citation: Sterling MR, Silva AF, Robbins L .
Let's talk numbers: a qualitative study of community-dwelling US adults to understand the role of numeracy in the management of heart failure.
BMJ Open 2018 Sep 19;8(9):e023073. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023073..
Keywords: Patient Self-Management, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Care Management, Heart Disease and Health, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Conditions
Kline CE, Burke LE, Sereika SM
Bidirectional relationships between weight change and sleep apnea in a behavioral weight loss intervention.
This study examined the relationship between weight change and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the context of behavioral weight loss intervention. A total of 114 adults who were overweight or obese participated in a 12-month behavioral weight loss intervention program from April 2012 to February 2015. Over half (58%) had OSA at the baseline. Those with OSA were found to lose less weight and were less adherent to daily calorie and activity goals. The results suggest that OSA screening should be used before attempting weight loss and also may indicate additional behavioral counseling.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Kline CE, Burke LE, Sereika SM .
Bidirectional relationships between weight change and sleep apnea in a behavioral weight loss intervention.
Mayo Clin Proc 2018 Sep;93(9):1290-98. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.04.026..
Keywords: Sleep Problems, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Lifestyle Changes, Respiratory Conditions
Bailey SR, Stevens VJ, Fortmann SP
Long-term outcomes from repeated smoking cessation assistance in routine primary care.
This study assessed the importance of primary care support for smokers trying to quit. This retrospective, observational cohort study followed over 33,000 patients at six diverse health systems over 4 years. Long-term quit (LTQ) status (longer than 365 days) was measured, and it was determined that frequent visits (more than 75% of visits) had almost 3 times the success than patients who visited less than 25%.
AHRQ-funded; HS019828.
Citation: Bailey SR, Stevens VJ, Fortmann SP .
Long-term outcomes from repeated smoking cessation assistance in routine primary care.
Am J Health Promot 2018 Sep;32(7):1582-90. doi: 10.1177/0890117118761886..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Lifestyle Changes, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care, Tobacco Use
Barone Gibbs B, Kline CE
When does sedentary behavior become sleep? A proposed framework for classifying activity during sleep-wake transitions.
The Sedentary Behavior Research Network recently published a consensus definition for sedentary. The authors of this paper indicated that further clarity around issues of classifying sedentary behavior while in bed is needed, specifically during sleep-wake transitions. In this paper they propose a framework for classifying activity during sleep-wake transitions.
AHRQ-funded; HS021162.
Citation: Barone Gibbs B, Kline CE .
When does sedentary behavior become sleep? A proposed framework for classifying activity during sleep-wake transitions.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018 Aug 22;15(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s12966-018-0712-2..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Sleep Problems
Wong MS, Roberts ET, Arnold CM
HUD housing assistance and levels of physical activity among low-income adults.
The objective of this study was to assess whether participation in HUD housing assistance programs was associated with increased physical activity among low-income adults. The investigators found that receiving HUD housing assistance was associated with being physically active among nonsenior low-income adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Wong MS, Roberts ET, Arnold CM .
HUD housing assistance and levels of physical activity among low-income adults.
Prev Chronic Dis 2018 Jul 19;15:E94. doi: 10.5888/pcd15.170517..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Low-Income, Vulnerable Populations
Hedderson MM, Brown SD, Ehrlich SF
A tailored letter based on electronic health record data improves gestational weight gain among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: the Gestational Diabetes' Effects on Moms (GEM) cluster-randomized controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a tailored letter improved gestational weight gain (GWG) and whether GWG mediated a multicomponent intervention's effect on postpartum weight retention among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The authors concluded that a tailored electronic health record-based letter improved GWG, which mediated the effect of a multicomponent intervention in reducing postpartum weight retention.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Hedderson MM, Brown SD, Ehrlich SF .
A tailored letter based on electronic health record data improves gestational weight gain among women with gestational diabetes mellitus: the Gestational Diabetes' Effects on Moms (GEM) cluster-randomized controlled trial.
Diabetes Care 2018 Jul;41(7):1370-77. doi: 10.2337/dc17-1133..
Keywords: Diabetes, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Pregnancy, Women
Hanna RM, Fischer G, Conroy MB
Online lifestyle modification intervention: survey of primary care providers' attitudes and views.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of primary care providers (PCPs) to a referral model for implementing a year-long online intervention for weight loss to obese adult patients. The investigators suggest that understanding providers' views and barriers regarding the integration of online tools will facilitate widespread implementation of an online lifestyle modification intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS018155.
Citation: Hanna RM, Fischer G, Conroy MB .
Online lifestyle modification intervention: survey of primary care providers' attitudes and views.
J Med Internet Res 2018 Jun 8;20(6):e167. doi: 10.2196/jmir.8616..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Primary Care, Provider
Sorkin DH, Rook KS, Campos B
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Rationale and study protocol for Unidas por la Vida (United for Life): a dyadic weight-loss intervention for high-risk Latina mothers and their adult daughters.
The intervention aims to improve health behaviors and promote weight loss in two at-risk members of the same family: mothers with type 2 diabetes and their overweight/obese adult daughters who are at risk for developing diabetes. Both the dyadic and individual lifestyle interventions are expected to produce greater weight loss at 6, 12, and 18 months than those in minimal intervention control group.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Sorkin DH, Rook KS, Campos B .
Rationale and study protocol for Unidas por la Vida (United for Life): a dyadic weight-loss intervention for high-risk Latina mothers and their adult daughters.
Contemp Clin Trials 2018 Jun;69:10-20. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.03.013.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Obesity: Weight Management
Collins DM, Downer B, Kumar A
Impact of multiple chronic conditions on activity limitations among older Mexican-American care recipients.
The authors examined the impact of multiple chronic conditions on basic activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) limitations. They found that care recipients with three or more chronic conditions had higher odds of having mobility limitations, self-care limitations, more than three ADL limitations, and more than three IADL limitations.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Collins DM, Downer B, Kumar A .
Impact of multiple chronic conditions on activity limitations among older Mexican-American care recipients.
Prev Chronic Dis 2018 May 3;15:E51. doi: 10.5888/pcd15.170358.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Elderly, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Bachmann JM, Mayberry LS, Wallston KA
Relation of perceived health competence to physical activity in patients with coronary heart disease.
The authors evaluated the effect of perceived health competence--a patient's belief in his or her ability to achieve health-related goals--on cumulative physical activity levels in the Mid-South Coronary Heart Disease Cohort Study. They found that low perceived health competence was strongly associated with less physical activity in patients with coronary heart disease. They suggested that this may represent a potential target for behavioral interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Bachmann JM, Mayberry LS, Wallston KA .
Relation of perceived health competence to physical activity in patients with coronary heart disease.
Am J Cardiol 2018 May 1;121(9):1032-38. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.01.024..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Lifestyle Changes
Lieberman JA, Greenhawt M, Nowak-Wegrzyn A
The environment and food allergy.
The authors argue that, with the recent global increase in non-communicable inflammatory conditions, including atopic disorders and food allergy specifically, identification of the environmental modifiers of the genetic susceptibility and deciphering their mechanism of action are of utmost importance. This knowledge will enable mitigation of the impact of lifestyle and dietary changes, pollution, and global warming on the expression of genetic susceptibility to atopic disorders.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Lieberman JA, Greenhawt M, Nowak-Wegrzyn A .
The environment and food allergy.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018 May;120(5):455-57. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.01.010.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition
Gilbert AL, Lee J, Ehrlich-Jones L
A randomized trial of a motivational interviewing intervention to increase lifestyle physical activity and improve self-reported function in adults with arthritis.
In this study, the investigators evaluated the effect of a motivational interviewing-based lifestyle physical activity intervention on self-reported physical function in adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They found that participants with KOA receiving the lifestyle intervention experienced modest improvement in self-reported function and a trend toward improved pain compared to controls; there was no intervention effect for RA participants.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Gilbert AL, Lee J, Ehrlich-Jones L .
A randomized trial of a motivational interviewing intervention to increase lifestyle physical activity and improve self-reported function in adults with arthritis.
Semin Arthritis Rheum 2018 Apr;47(5):732-40. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2017.10.003..
Keywords: Arthritis, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Arthritis
Aysola J, Tahirovic E, Troxel AB
A randomized controlled trial of opt-in versus opt-out enrollment into a diabetes behavioral intervention.
This study compared an opt-out default recruitment strategy with a conventional opt-in strategy for enrollment in behavioral intervention for poorly controlled diabetic patients. The patients were put in a randomized controlled trial at the University of Pennsylvania-associated primary care practices. Enrollment rates were improved for the opt-out default patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS021706.
Citation: Aysola J, Tahirovic E, Troxel AB .
A randomized controlled trial of opt-in versus opt-out enrollment into a diabetes behavioral intervention.
Am J Health Promot 2018 Mar;32(3):745-52. doi: 10.1177/0890117116671673..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Gianfrancesco MA, Yazdany J, Schmajuk G
The impact of smoking on disease measures in rheumatoid arthritis: the need for appropriate adjustment of time-varying confounding.
In a recent publication, Quintana-Dunque et al. studied patients with early onset rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and showed that baseline smoking status was inversely associated with disease activity and disability at 36 months. This paper argues that the authors failed to highlight several limitations of study design and analysis, including time-varying confounding, which may have had a direct impact on results and corresponding conclusions.
AHRQ-funded; HS024412.
Citation: Gianfrancesco MA, Yazdany J, Schmajuk G .
The impact of smoking on disease measures in rheumatoid arthritis: the need for appropriate adjustment of time-varying confounding.
Rheumatol Int 2018 Feb;38(2):313-14. doi: 10.1007/s00296-017-3902-3.
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Keywords: Health Status, Lifestyle Changes, Arthritis, Tobacco Use
Brasure M, Desai P, Davila H
Physical activity interventions in preventing cognitive decline and Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of physical activity interventions in slowing cognitive decline and delaying the onset of cognitive impairment and dementia in adults without diagnosed cognitive impairments. Evidence was insufficient to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of aerobic training, resistance training, or tai chi for improving cognition. ALSO, Evidence regarding effects on dementia prevention was insufficient for all physical activity interventions.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500008I.
Citation: Brasure M, Desai P, Davila H .
Physical activity interventions in preventing cognitive decline and Alzheimer-type dementia: a systematic review.
Ann Intern Med 2018 Jan 2;168(1):30-38. doi: 10.7326/m17-1528.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Dementia, Evidence-Based Practice, Lifestyle Changes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Black KZ, Johnson LS, Samuel-Hodge CD
Perceived barriers and preferred components for physical activity interventions in African-American survivors of breast or endometrial cancer with type 2 diabetes: the S.U.C.C.E.S.S. framework.
The study’s objectives were to explore the perspectives of African American survivors with type 2 diabetes on perceived barriers to physical activity (PA) and preferences for a PA intervention and develop a framework for a PA program after cancer treatment. Nine themes were identified that focused on post-treatment physical symptoms. The S.U.C.C.E.S.S. framework summarizes the survivors' preferences for effective lifestyle interventions such as supporting efforts to maintain PA.
AHRQ-funded; HS023418.
Citation: Black KZ, Johnson LS, Samuel-Hodge CD .
Perceived barriers and preferred components for physical activity interventions in African-American survivors of breast or endometrial cancer with type 2 diabetes: the S.U.C.C.E.S.S. framework.
Support Care Cancer 2018 Jan;26(1):231-40. doi: 10.1007/s00520-017-3839-9.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
King HA, Jeffreys AS, McVay MA
Spouse health behavior outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of a spouse-assisted lifestyle change intervention to improve patient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
The authors evaluated spouse health behavior outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of a spouse-assisted lifestyle intervention to reduce patient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and improve patient health behaviors. Participants were 251 spouses of patients from the Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center. At 11 months, there were no differences in spouse outcomes between intervention and usual care groups for moderate intensity physical activity or dietary intake. To improve spouse outcomes, the authors recommended couple interventions to include spouse behavior change goals and reciprocal support between patients and spouses.
AHRQ-funded; HS000079.
Citation: King HA, Jeffreys AS, McVay MA .
Spouse health behavior outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of a spouse-assisted lifestyle change intervention to improve patient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
J Behav Med 2014 Dec;37(6):1102-7. doi: 10.1007/s10865-014-9559-4.
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Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Family Health and History, Lifestyle Changes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Shaikh U, Nettiksimmons J, Joseph JG
Collaborative practice improvement for childhood obesity in rural clinics: the Healthy Eating Active Living Telehealth Community of Practice (HEALTH COP).
The authors assessed the impact of participation in a virtual quality improvement (QI) learning network on adherence to clinical guidelines for childhood obesity prevention in rural clinics. They found that children who received care from clinicians who led the implementation of the intervention at their clinic showed significant improvements in nutrition and physical activity. Virtual QI learning networks in geographically dispersed clinics can significantly increase clinicians' adherence to guidelines for childhood obesity and improve access to recommended care for rural and underserved children.
AHRQ-funded; HS018567.
Citation: Shaikh U, Nettiksimmons J, Joseph JG .
Collaborative practice improvement for childhood obesity in rural clinics: the Healthy Eating Active Living Telehealth Community of Practice (HEALTH COP).
Am J Med Qual 2014 Nov-Dec;29(6):467-75. doi: 10.1177/1062860613506252.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Information Technology (HIT), Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Obesity, Prevention, Quality Improvement, Rural Health, Telehealth
Patel M, Phillips-Caesar E, Boutin-Foster C
Attitudes and beliefs regarding cardiovascular risk factors among Bangladeshi immigrants in the US.
The researchers conducted a qualitative study using individual in-depth interviews to explore attitudes towards and difficulties with modifying cardiovascular disease related behaviors among a Bangladeshi cohort. Bangladeshi individuals in this study cited a combination of internal and external factors as barriers to lifestyle modification. The authors recommended interventions to address these barriers that simultaneously address self-efficacy and work-life balance.
AHRQ-funded; HS000066.
Citation: Patel M, Phillips-Caesar E, Boutin-Foster C .
Attitudes and beliefs regarding cardiovascular risk factors among Bangladeshi immigrants in the US.
J Immigr Minor Health 2014 Oct;16(5):994-1000. doi: 10.1007/s10903-013-9868-7.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Lifestyle Changes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Risk
Richards MR, Marti J
Heterogeneity in the smoking response to health shocks by out-of-pocket spending risk.
Using longitudinal data from 11 European countries, the researchers investigated the impact of a new cardiovascular (CV) health shock on smoking decisions among older adults and examine whether personal exposure to medical spending risk influences the smoking response. They found that CV shocks impact the propensity to smoke, with relatively more impact among individuals with high financial risk exposure to medical spending.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Richards MR, Marti J .
Heterogeneity in the smoking response to health shocks by out-of-pocket spending risk.
Health Econ Policy Law 2014 Oct;9(4):343-57. doi: 10.1017/s1744133114000152..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Tobacco Use, Lifestyle Changes, Health Insurance, Social Determinants of Health
Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW
AHRQ Author: Miller T
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
The researchers conducted a systematic review to evaluate the effectiveness of health communication campaigns that use multiple channels, including mass media, and distribute health-related products. They concluded that health communication campaigns that combine mass media and other communication channels with distribution of free or reduced-price health-related products are effective in improving healthy behaviors. They expect this intervention to be applicable across U.S. demographic groups, with appropriate population targeting.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Robinson MN, Tansil KA, Elder RW .
Mass media health communication campaigns combined with health-related product distribution: a community guide systematic review.
Am J Prev Med 2014 Sep;47(3):360-71. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.034.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Social Media, Tobacco Use
Leung LA, Swaminathan S, Trivedi AN
Diabetes diagnosis and exercise initiation among older Americans.
The investigators sought to determine whether exercise participation increased following a new diagnosis of diabetes using a sample of U.S. individuals aged 50 and over who did not report exercise prior to diagnosis. They found that over 35% of persons with a new diagnosis of diabetes initiated moderate or vigorous exercise in the year following their diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: Leung LA, Swaminathan S, Trivedi AN .
Diabetes diagnosis and exercise initiation among older Americans.
Prev Med 2014 Aug;65:128-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.05.001.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Elderly, Lifestyle Changes, Patient Self-Management
Voils CI, Gierisch JM, Yancy WS, Jr.
Differentiating behavior initiation and maintenance: theoretical framework and proof of concept.
The authors posited that health behavior initiation and maintenance require separate psychological processes and skills. They found evidence of improvement in dietary intake and of maintenance of physical activity and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol during the 4-month maintenance study. Participants found it helpful to plan for relapses, self-monitor, and obtain social support, but they had mixed reactions about reflecting on satisfaction with outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000079.
Citation: Voils CI, Gierisch JM, Yancy WS, Jr. .
Differentiating behavior initiation and maintenance: theoretical framework and proof of concept.
Health Educ Behav 2014 Jun;41(3):325-36. doi: 10.1177/1090198113515242.
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Keywords: Nutrition, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Patient Self-Management, Lifestyle Changes
Sorkin DH, Mavandadi S, Rook KS
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q
Dyadic collaboration in shared health behavior change: the effects of a randomized trial to test a lifestyle intervention for high-risk Latinas.
The authors sought to evaluate the feasibility of a pilot, dyad-based lifestyle intervention, the Unidas por la Vida program, for improving weight loss and dietary intake among high-risk Mexican American mothers with Type 2 diabetes and their overweight/obese adult daughters. They found that, at 16 weeks, Unidas participants lost significantly more weight compared with the control participants, and intervention participants also were more likely to be eating foods with lower glycemic load and less saturated fat. They concluded that interventions that draw upon multiple people who share a health-risk have the potential to foster significant changes in lifestyle behaviors and in social network members' health-related involvement.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Sorkin DH, Mavandadi S, Rook KS .
Dyadic collaboration in shared health behavior change: the effects of a randomized trial to test a lifestyle intervention for high-risk Latinas.
Health Psychol 2014 Jun;33(6):566-75. doi: 10.1037/hea0000063.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Lifestyle Changes, Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Obesity: Weight Management