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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (1)
- Antibiotics (2)
- Arthritis (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (7)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 7 of 7 Research Studies DisplayedMurray MT, Johnson CL, Cohen B
Use of antibiotics in paediatric long-term care facilities.
The authors sought to describe antibiotic use in three pediatric long-term care (LTC) facilities and to describe the factors associated with use. They found that the use of antibiotics in pediatric LTC facilities is widespread. They recommended further assessment of antibiotic use in pediatric LTC facilities.
AHRQ-funded; HS021470.
Citation: Murray MT, Johnson CL, Cohen B .
Use of antibiotics in paediatric long-term care facilities.
J Hosp Infect 2018 Jun;99(2):139-44. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.10.019.
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Keywords: Antibiotics, Children/Adolescents, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Long-Term Care, Practice Patterns
Sun SA, Ma X, Li G
Epidemiologic patterns of in-hospital anaphylaxis in pediatric surgical patients.
This research letter looks into epidemiologic patterns of in-hospital anaphylaxis in pediatric surgical patients. Data from the study came from the Kids’ Inpatient Database (KIDS), which is released every 3 years. The data came from the 2003, 2006, 2009 and 2012 KID data sets. Children were included if they had a surgical admission for anaphylaxis which is interpreted as an in-hospital event. Overall in-hospital mortality for all children was 0.38% but for in-hospital anaphylaxis was 2.47%. The most common reason children were in the hospital before the event was hematological and myeloproliferative disorders, with the largest percentage undergoing bone marrow transplant procedures. Although the exact cause of the reaction was not known, hypersensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents and more recent mAb treatments have been identified as reasons for the in-hospital anaphylaxis.
AHRQ-funded; HS022941.
Citation: Sun SA, Ma X, Li G .
Epidemiologic patterns of in-hospital anaphylaxis in pediatric surgical patients.
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018 May;141(5):1904-05.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.030..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Practice Patterns, Surgery
DeCourcey DD, Silverman M, Oladunjoye A
Patterns of care at the end of life for children and young adults with life-threatening complex chronic conditions.
The purpose of this study, which used a cross sectional survey, was to characterize patterns of care at the end of life for children and young adults with life-threatening complex chronic conditions (LT-CCCs) and to compare them by LT-CCC type. The investigators concluded that significant differences in patterns of care at the end of life existed depending on LT-CCC type. They suggest that attention to these patterns is important to ensure equal access to palliative care and targeted improvements in end-of-life care for these populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: DeCourcey DD, Silverman M, Oladunjoye A .
Patterns of care at the end of life for children and young adults with life-threatening complex chronic conditions.
J Pediatr 2018 Feb;193:196-203.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.09.078..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions, Palliative Care, Practice Patterns, Young Adults
Mannion ML, Xie F, Curtis JR
Recent trends in medication usage for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and the influence of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors.
The researchers investigated temporal trends in medication use among children diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). They found that the use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in the treatment of JIA increased 2- to 3-fold from 2005 to 2012. New TNFi use was associated with decreased NSAID and oral glucocorticoids use. TNFi may be replacing, rather than complementing, methotrexate in the treatment of many patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS018517.
Citation: Mannion ML, Xie F, Curtis JR .
Recent trends in medication usage for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and the influence of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors.
J Rheumatol 2014 Oct;41(10):2078-84. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.140012.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medication, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Practice Patterns, Arthritis
Fierro JL, Prasad PA, Localio AR
Variability in the diagnosis and treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis by primary care pediatricians.
The researchers compared practice patterns regarding the diagnosis and management of streptococcal pharyngitis across 25 pediatric primary care practices sharing an electronic health record. They found that only 18 of 222 clinicians wrote 50 percent of all broad-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions for children with group a streptococcus pharyngitis. They suggested targeted interventions to improve adherence to prescribing guidelines.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710013
Citation: Fierro JL, Prasad PA, Localio AR .
Variability in the diagnosis and treatment of group a streptococcal pharyngitis by primary care pediatricians.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014 Oct;35 Suppl 3:S79-85. doi: 10.1086/677820..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Children/Adolescents, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Primary Care, Practice Patterns
Johnson EK, Graham DA, Chow JS
Nationwide emergency department imaging practices for pediatric urolithiasis: room for improvement.
The researchers describe the national use of computed tomography (CT) versus ultrasound imaging for pediatric patients seen at emergency departments (EDs) for suspected urolithiasis (SU) during the period 2006-2010. Use of CT was much higher than use of ultrasound, although it dropped off after 2007. Lowest CT use was seen at EDs that care for more children.
AHRQ-funded; HS019485
Citation: Johnson EK, Graham DA, Chow JS .
Nationwide emergency department imaging practices for pediatric urolithiasis: room for improvement.
J Urol. 2014 Jul;192(1):200-6. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.028..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Imaging, Children/Adolescents, Practice Patterns
Larkin I, Ang D, Avorn J
Restrictions on pharmaceutical detailing reduced off-label prescribing of antidepressants and antipsychotics in children.
The researchers estimated the effect of anti-detailing policies on off-label prescribing of antidepressants and antipsychotics by pediatricians and by child and adolescent psychiatrists in the period January 2006-June 2009. They found that prescriptions for off-label use of promoted drugs fell by 11 percent and that prescriptions for on-label use of promoted drugs fell by 34 percent. Conversely, prescriptions for on-label use of nonpromoted drugs rose by 14 percent, and those for off-label use of nonpromoted drugs rose by 35 percent. They concluded that these results suggest that pharmaceutical sales representatives promoted drugs not approved for pediatric use and that policies that restrict detailing by those representatives reduced such off-label prescribing.
AHRQ-funded; HS018465.
Citation: Larkin I, Ang D, Avorn J .
Restrictions on pharmaceutical detailing reduced off-label prescribing of antidepressants and antipsychotics in children.
Health Aff 2014 Jun;33(6):1014-23. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0939.
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Keywords: Medication, Children/Adolescents, Communication, Policy, Practice Patterns