National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- (-) Antibiotics (4)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- Clostridium difficile Infections (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Medication (4)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- (-) Prevention (4)
- Risk (1)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 4 of 4 Research Studies DisplayedChiotos K, Rock C, Schweizer ML
Current infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices: a survey of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network (SRN).
This survey compares results with a similar 2013 survey that characterizes contemporary infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices across 64 healthcare facilities. There was decreased frequency of active surveillance for MRSA, frequent active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and increased support for antibiotic stewardship programs.
AHRQ-funded; HS026393.
Citation: Chiotos K, Rock C, Schweizer ML .
Current infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship program practices: a survey of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) Research Network (SRN).
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 Sep;40(9):1046-49. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.172.
.
.
Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Medication, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Practice Patterns
Wang HH, Kurtz M, Logvinenko T
Why does prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection not result in less renal scarring? A deeper dive into the RIVUR trial.
The RIVUR (Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux) trial reported that antibiotic prophylaxis reduced recurrent urinary tract infection but antibiotic prophylaxis was not associated with decreased new renal scarring. However, the original reports did not assess the relationship among recurrent urinary tract infection, new renal scarring and antibiotic prophylaxis in detail. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship among these issues.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Wang HH, Kurtz M, Logvinenko T .
Why does prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection not result in less renal scarring? A deeper dive into the RIVUR trial.
J Urol 2019 Aug;202(2):400-05. doi: 10.1097/ju.0000000000000292..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Urinary Tract Infection (UTI), Antibiotics, Medication, Prevention
Caroff DA, Menchaca JT, Zhang Z
Oral vancomycin prophylaxis during systemic antibiotic exposure to prevent Clostridiodes difficile infection relapses.
This study’s goal was to determine if giving hospitalized patients oral vancomycin along with systematic antibiotics prevents relapse of Cloistridioides difficile infection (CDI). The results show that the outcome was not statistically significant, although it may help patients who have only had 1 prior CDI episode.
AHRQ-funded; HS025008.
Citation: Caroff DA, Menchaca JT, Zhang Z .
Oral vancomycin prophylaxis during systemic antibiotic exposure to prevent Clostridiodes difficile infection relapses.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2019 Jun;40(6):662-67. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.88..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Clostridium difficile Infections, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medication, Prevention
Schmajuk G, Jafri K, Evans M
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) prophylaxis patterns among patients with rheumatic diseases receiving high-risk immunosuppressant drugs.
This study examined the use of prophylactic drugs used to prevent Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), a rare condition sometimes caused by use of high risk immunosuppressants. This disease has a high rate of mortality. The study authors followed 316 patients for about 1-2 years who had high risk conditions such as vasculitis, myositis, or systemic lupus erythematosus. Overall, 39% of patients received prophylactic antibiotics. However, at least 25% of the patients with the highest risk conditions (vasculitis) or highest risk for immunosuppressants did not receive PJP prophylaxis. During the study period, no cases of PJP ever occurred among any of the study group.
AHRQ-funded; HS023558; HS024412.
Citation: Schmajuk G, Jafri K, Evans M .
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) prophylaxis patterns among patients with rheumatic diseases receiving high-risk immunosuppressant drugs.
Semin Arthritis Rheum 2019 Jun;48(6):1087-92. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2018.10.018..
Keywords: Antibiotics, Medication, Prevention, Risk