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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
101 to 125 of 196 Research Studies DisplayedPerez FA, Quinet S, Jarvik JG
Lumbar spinal stenosis severity by CT or MRI does not predict response to epidural corticosteroid versus lidocaine injections.
This study compared the results of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis injected epidurally with corticosteroids and lidocaine, or lidocaine alone. A prospective, double-blind study was conducted on 350 patients who were then evaluated for qualitative or quantitative MR imaging or CT measures of lumbar spinal stenosis. There were no differences in improvement of disability or leg pain scores at 3 weeks between the two subgroups.
AHRQ-funded; HS019222; HS022972.
Citation: Perez FA, Quinet S, Jarvik JG .
Lumbar spinal stenosis severity by CT or MRI does not predict response to epidural corticosteroid versus lidocaine injections.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019 May;40(5):908-15. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A6050..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Imaging, Medication, Orthopedics, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Knutsen J, Crossman M, Perrin J
Sex differences in restricted repetitive behaviors and interests in children with autism spectrum disorder: an Autism Treatment Network study.
Researchers examined sex differences in clinically identified (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule) restricted and repetitive behavior symptoms of age-matched and intelligence quotient-matched female and male children with autism spectrum disorder. Their findings identified key restricted and repetitive behavior similarities and differences among young females and males with autism spectrum disorder and emphasized the need for a deeper understanding of the female autism phenotype.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986; HS000063.
Citation: Knutsen J, Crossman M, Perrin J .
Sex differences in restricted repetitive behaviors and interests in children with autism spectrum disorder: an Autism Treatment Network study.
Autism 2019 May;23(4):858-68. doi: 10.1177/1362361318786490..
Keywords: Autism, Behavioral Health, Children/Adolescents, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Sex Factors
Arasu VA, Miglioretti DL, Sprague BL
Population-based assessment of the association between magnetic resonance imaging background parenchymal enhancement and future primary breast cancer risk.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate comparative associations of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and mammographic breast density with subsequent breast cancer risk. The investigators concluded that BPE was associated with future invasive breast cancer risk independent of breast density. They suggest that BPE should be considered for risk prediction models for women undergoing breast MRI.
AHRQ-funded; HS018366.
Citation: Arasu VA, Miglioretti DL, Sprague BL .
Population-based assessment of the association between magnetic resonance imaging background parenchymal enhancement and future primary breast cancer risk.
J Clin Oncol 2019 Apr 20;37(12):954-63. doi: 10.1200/jco.18.00378..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Imaging, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Women
Sharma A, Sun JL, Lokhnygina Y
Patient phenotypes, cardiovascular risk, and ezetimibe treatment in patients after acute coronary syndromes (from IMPROVE-IT).
The authors of this article performed a hierarchical cluster analysis to identify acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients at high risk for adverse clinical events. Post-ACS patients were randomized to ezetimibe+simvastatin or placebo+simvastatin. Ezetimibe's impact on outcomes across clusters; the ability of the cluster analysis to discriminate for outcomes was compared with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score. Outcomes included cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, or coronary revascularization at least 30 days after randomization. Compared with GRACE, cluster analysis did not provide superior outcome discrimination. Consistent ezetimibe treatment effect was identified across clusters. The authors conclude that cluster analysis identified significant difference in risk of outcomes across cluster groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Sharma A, Sun JL, Lokhnygina Y .
Patient phenotypes, cardiovascular risk, and ezetimibe treatment in patients after acute coronary syndromes (from IMPROVE-IT).
Am J Cardiol 2019 Apr 15;123(8):1193-201. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.01.034..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk
Shen NT, Londono C, Gold S
Systematic review with meta-analysis on transplantation for alcohol-related liver disease: very low evidence of improved outcomes.
Under the hypothesis that, while liver transplantation for patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) may improve mortality and relapse, findings will be limited by pre-specified causes of heterogeneity, researchers conducted a systematic review. Data from 10 studies comparing use of liver transplant in ALD to no-transplant was analyzed. Primary outcome of both was short- and long-term mortality and relapse. The results of the review indicate that liver transplantation for ALD patients suggests reduced mortality and relapse in heterogeneous, institution-specific populations. The authors note that, to understand efficacy of transplanting ALD, their research approach must change.
AHRQ-funded; HS000066.
Citation: Shen NT, Londono C, Gold S .
Systematic review with meta-analysis on transplantation for alcohol-related liver disease: very low evidence of improved outcomes.
World J Gastroenterol 2019 Apr 7;25(13):1628-39. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i13.1628..
Keywords: Alcohol Use, Evidence-Based Practice, Mortality, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Transplantation
Balk EM, Rofeberg VN, Adam GP
Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments for urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of clinical outcomes.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions to improve or cure stress, urgency, or mixed UI in nonpregnant women. The investigators concluded that most nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions were more likely than no treatment to improve UI outcomes. They also concluded that behavioral therapy, alone or in combination with other interventions, was generally more effective than pharmacologic therapies alone in treating both stress and urgency UI.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500002I.
Citation: Balk EM, Rofeberg VN, Adam GP .
Pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments for urinary incontinence in women: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of clinical outcomes.
Ann Intern Med 2019 Apr 2;170(7):465-79. doi: 10.7326/m18-3227..
Keywords: Care Management, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Women
Natafgi N, Tafari AT, Chauhan C
Patients' early engagement in research proposal development (PEER-PD): patients guiding the proposal writing.
Patient engagement often starts after research funding is secured with little or no involvement of patients in the proposal development phase. This paper compared three levels of patient engagement and described patients' early engagement in the research proposal development process and its contemporary relevance to clinical and translational research. The paper also addressed key patient considerations and questions that had an impact on the proposal development.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135.
Citation: Natafgi N, Tafari AT, Chauhan C .
Patients' early engagement in research proposal development (PEER-PD): patients guiding the proposal writing.
J Comp Eff Res 2019 Apr;8(6):441-53. doi: 10.2217/cer-2018-0129..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice
Ita AJ, Olden HA, Kippen KE
A flexible model for patient engagement: achieving quality outcomes and building a research agenda for head and neck cancer.
This article describes the work of a head and neck cancer survivors who became advisors on a multidisciplinary team of providers. The survivors provided feedback to providers on areas of improvement for clinical flow and they also have provided advice on efforts to increase public awareness. They have also been very active at cancer symposiums and other local presentations.
AHRQ-funded; HS022417.
Citation: Ita AJ, Olden HA, Kippen KE .
A flexible model for patient engagement: achieving quality outcomes and building a research agenda for head and neck cancer.
Head Neck 2019 Apr;41(4):1087-93. doi: 10.1002/hed.25584..
Keywords: Cancer, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient and Family Engagement
Machta RM, Maurer KA, Jones DJ
AHRQ Author: Furukawa MF
A systematic review of vertical integration and quality of care, efficiency, and patient-centered outcomes.
This systematic review examined the effects of small independent practices becoming part of larger provider organizations and hospital systems. A literature review was done for studies from 1996 to 2016. Out of 7,559 articles generated, 29 articles were included in this review. Vertical integration was associated with better quality but there were no differences or even lower efficiency than prior to the integration measured by utilization, spending and prices. Patient-centered outcome was measured by only a few studies so was not included.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201600001C.
Citation: Machta RM, Maurer KA, Jones DJ .
A systematic review of vertical integration and quality of care, efficiency, and patient-centered outcomes.
Health Care Manage Rev 2019 Apr/Jun;44(2):159-73. doi: 10.1097/hmr.0000000000000197..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Care
Swor DE, Thomas LF, Maas MB
Admission heart rate variability is associated with fever development in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether heart rate variability (HRV) was associated with the development of fever in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The study included patients who presented directly to the research team’s emergency department after symptom onset, who had a 10-second electrocardiogram (EKG) performed within 24 hours of admission, and were in sinus rhythm. Patient temperature was recorded every 1 to 4 hours. The authors conclude that HRV measured on 10-second EKGs is associated with fever occurrence after ICH and can be a potential early marker of parasympathetic nervous system dysfunction; detection of parasympathetic dysfunction may afford an opportunity to improve ICH outcome by targeting therapies at fever prevention.
AHRQ-funded; HS023437.
Citation: Swor DE, Thomas LF, Maas MB .
Admission heart rate variability is associated with fever development in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.
Neurocrit Care 2019 Apr;30(2):244-50. doi: 10.1007/s12028-019-00684-w..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Zullo AR, Mogul A, Corsi K
Association between secondary prevention medication use and outcomes in frail older adults after acute myocardial infarction.
In order to examine the effect of using more guideline-recommended medications after myocardial infarction on mortality, rehospitalization, and functional decline in the frailest and oldest segment of long-stay nursing home residents, researchers conducted a retrospective cohort study of U.S. nursing home residents aged 65 years or older. Exposure was the number of secondary prevention medications initiated after myocardial infarction; outcomes were 90-day death, rehospitalization, or functional decline. The results of the study indicate that the use of more guideline-recommended medications after myocardial infarction was associated with decreased mortality in older, predominantly frail adults, but there was no difference in rehospitalization. Functional decline outcomes were discordant and the researchers note that this does not rule out an increased risk associated with more medication use.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Zullo AR, Mogul A, Corsi K .
Association between secondary prevention medication use and outcomes in frail older adults after acute myocardial infarction.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2019 Apr;12(4):e004942. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.004942..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Nursing Homes, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Prevention
Zullo AR, Zhang T, Lee Y
Effect of bisphosphonates on fracture outcomes among frail older adults.
The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of bisphosphonates on hip fractures, nonvertebral fractures, and severe esophagitis among frail, older adults. Participants were residents of long-stay U.S. nursing homes who were 65 years and older and had no recent use of osteoporosis medication. The matched cohort included new bisphosphonate users and an equal number of calcitonin users. Outcomes for hip fracture, nonvertebral fracture, and esophagitis were measured using Part A claims. Bisphosphonate users were less likely than calcitonin users to experience hip fracture, but had similar rates of nonvertebral fracture and esophagitis events. The researchers conclude that bisphosphonate use is associated with a meaningful reduction in hip fracture among frail, older adults.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Zullo AR, Zhang T, Lee Y .
Effect of bisphosphonates on fracture outcomes among frail older adults.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2019 Apr;67(4):768-76. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15725..
Keywords: Elderly, Injuries and Wounds, Medication, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Lyles CR, Gupta R, Tieu L
After-visit summaries in primary care: mixed methods results from a literature review and stakeholder interviews.
This literature review examined the perception of the value of after visit summaries (AVS) in primary care practices to both patients and providers. Seventeen studies were identified, and overall patients reported a higher perceived value of AVS than providers. Even so, key informants found that AVS included incorrect information and that they weren’t being used to their potential to help educate patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS022408.
Citation: Lyles CR, Gupta R, Tieu L .
After-visit summaries in primary care: mixed methods results from a literature review and stakeholder interviews.
Fam Pract 2019 Mar 20;36(2):206-13. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmy045..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care
Bauer NS, Ofner S, Moore C
Assessment of the effects of pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on family stress and well-being: development of the IMPACT 1.0 scale.
This paper describes the IMPACT (Impact Measure of Parenting-Related ADHD Challenges and Treatment) 1.0 Scale which was codeveloped with input from parent advisors and administered to 79 parents of children with ADHD. It is a brief measure to assess ADHD impacts on family in the context of everyday family life. Exploratory factor analysis, correlations with validated instruments, and test-retest reliability were examined in the study.
AHRQ-funded; HS022434.
Citation: Bauer NS, Ofner S, Moore C .
Assessment of the effects of pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on family stress and well-being: development of the IMPACT 1.0 scale.
Glob Pediatr Health 2019 Mar 15;6:2333794x19835645. doi: 10.1177/2333794x19835645..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Behavioral Health, Family Health and History, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life
Wilkinson ST, Holtzheimer PE, Gao S
Leveraging neuroplasticity to enhance adaptive learning: the potential for synergistic somatic-behavioral treatment combinations to improve clinical outcomes in depression.
This article reviews the potential of synergistically combining plasticity-enhancing and behavioral therapies to develop translational treatment approaches for depression. After reviewing relevant neuroplasticity deficits in depression, the article surveys biological treatments that appear to reverse such deficits in humans; evidence that directly or indirectly supports the hypothesis that a robust enhancement of neuroplasticity through these methods might promote the uptake of cognitive and behavioral interventions to enhance longer-term treatment outcomes is then reviewed. The authors identify missing pieces of key evidence and discuss future directions that could enhance this line of research.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Wilkinson ST, Holtzheimer PE, Gao S .
Leveraging neuroplasticity to enhance adaptive learning: the potential for synergistic somatic-behavioral treatment combinations to improve clinical outcomes in depression.
Biol Psychiatry 2019 Mar 15;85(6):454-65. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.09.004..
Keywords: Behavioral Health, Depression, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Treatments
Inohara T, Kim S, Pieper K
B-type natriuretic peptide, disease progression and clinical outcomes in atrial fibrillation.
In this study, the investigators evaluated the association between B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and outcomes, including atrial fibrillation (AF) progression, composite outcome of major adverse cardiovascular or neurological events (MACNE) and major bleeding, via pooled logistic regression and Cox frailty models in Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation II registry.
AHRQ-funded; HS021092.
Citation: Inohara T, Kim S, Pieper K .
B-type natriuretic peptide, disease progression and clinical outcomes in atrial fibrillation.
Heart 2019 Mar;105(5):370-77. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313642..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Registries
Soffin EM, Gibbons MM, Ko CY
Evidence review conducted for the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Safety program for improving surgical care and recovery: focus on anesthesiology for total hip arthroplasty.
Successes using enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols for total hip arthroplasty (THA) are increasingly being reported. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, in partnership with the American College of Surgeons and the Johns Hopkins Medicine Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, has developed the Safety Program for Improving Surgical Care and Recovery. In this study, the investigators conducted an evidence review to select anesthetic interventions that positively influence outcomes and facilitate recovery after total hip arthroplasty (THA).
AHRQ-funded; 233201500020I.
Citation: Soffin EM, Gibbons MM, Ko CY .
Evidence review conducted for the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Safety program for improving surgical care and recovery: focus on anesthesiology for total hip arthroplasty.
Anesth Analg 2019 Mar;128(3):454-65. doi: 10.1213/ane.0000000000003663..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery, Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Lyles CR, Tieu L, Sarkar U
A randomized trial to train vulnerable primary care patients to use a patient portal.
This study examined the use of patient care portals in primary care practices with vulnerable patients such as those with lower socioeconomic status or limited health literacy (LHL). A randomized control trial was created with 93 English-speaking patients with 1+ chronic diseases. The patients were provided with either an 1) in-person tutorial with a research assistant, or 2) a link to view the videos on their own. A third arm of the trial were control patients with just normal access to get to the portal. There was a higher rate of access (21%) after the trial was over with the two intervention groups as compared with 9% for the usual care patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS022408; HS022561; HS023558.
Citation: Lyles CR, Tieu L, Sarkar U .
A randomized trial to train vulnerable primary care patients to use a patient portal.
J Am Board Fam Med 2019 Mar-Apr;32(2):248-58. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2019.02.180263..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Exchange (HIE), Health Literacy, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Primary Care, Vulnerable Populations
Kinrys G, bowden CL, Nierenberg AA
Comorbid anxiety in bipolar CHOICE: insights from the bipolar inventory of symptoms scale.
This study’s purpose was to investigate the utility of the Bipolar Inventory of Symptoms Scale (BISS) to determine levels of comorbid anxiety disorder in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). It is estimated that approximately 86-89% of patients with BD also have anxiety disorder. Participants in the Bipolar Clinical Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness (CHOICE) study were assessed for anxiety disorder using the MINI scale. The scale cutoff of 10 (for maximum anxiety) was identified as a possible limitation of BISS, but it was determined as useful as a screening measure.
AHRQ-funded; HS019371.
Citation: Kinrys G, bowden CL, Nierenberg AA .
Comorbid anxiety in bipolar CHOICE: insights from the bipolar inventory of symptoms scale.
J Affect Disord 2019 Mar 1;246:126-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.039..
Keywords: Anxiety, Comparative Effectiveness, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Marcolini EG, Albrecht JS, Sethuraman KN
Gender disparities in trauma care: how sex determines treatment, behavior, and outcome.
This study used US and European trauma database statistics, including the National Trauma Databank, to examine sex disparities in trauma care. Their findings indicate that sex differences in risk-taking behaviors that lead to traumatic injury have been associated with males, with female menstrual cycle timing, and with cortisol levels. Differences in access to services at trauma centers, including triage or transfer and level of medical attention are associated with sex as well race, rural or urban location, and insurance status. Outcomes, such as in-hospital mortality, multiple organ failure, pneumonia, and sepsis are associated with sex disparities in the general trauma patient; outcomes after general trauma and specifically traumatic brain injury show mixed results.
AHRQ-funded; HS024560.
Citation: Marcolini EG, Albrecht JS, Sethuraman KN .
Gender disparities in trauma care: how sex determines treatment, behavior, and outcome.
Anesthesiol Clin 2019 Mar;37(1):107-17. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2018.09.007..
Keywords: Access to Care, Disparities, Injuries and Wounds, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Risk, Sex Factors, Trauma
Tarbunou YA, Smith JB, Kruse RL
Outcomes associated with hyperglycemia after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
This study evaluated the association between postoperative hyperglycemia and outcomes after abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair. Once patients who underwent open or endovascular repair of a nonruptured AAA were identified, researchers evaluated the association between postoperative hyperglycemia and infections, in-hospital mortality, readmission, patients' characteristics, length of hospital stay, and medications. Multivariable logistic models were used examined the association of postoperative hyperglycemia with in-hospital infection and mortality. The results of the study show that patients who received endovascular repair and who had postoperative hyperglycemia had greater risk of infection and death. A diabetes diagnosis was associated with lower odds of both infection and in-hospital mortality, after controlling for insulin administration and postoperative hyperglycemia. The researchers conclude that hyperglycemia may be used as a clinical marker, since it was found to be significantly associated with inferior outcomes after elective AAA repair, but note that their study cannot imply causation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022140.
Citation: Tarbunou YA, Smith JB, Kruse RL .
Outcomes associated with hyperglycemia after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
J Vasc Surg 2019 Mar;69(3):763-73.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.05.240..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Schmidt B, Eapen RS, Cowan JE
Practice patterns of primary EBRT with and without ADT in prostate cancer treatment.
This study investigated usage of external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT), with or without neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), using data from a community-based prospective disease registry (CaPSURE). Data on 1337 men diagnosed between 1990 and 2014 with localized disease who received EBRT as primary treatment was compared. The authors conclude that use of ADT in conjunction with primary EBRT has increased in frequency and duration since 1990, and that men who received ADT have higher risk characteristics than those who receive EBRT alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356.
Citation: Schmidt B, Eapen RS, Cowan JE .
Practice patterns of primary EBRT with and without ADT in prostate cancer treatment.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2019 Mar;22(1):117-24. doi: 10.1038/s41391-018-0084-3..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Practice Patterns, Evidence-Based Practice, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Treatments
Chu KH, Escobar-Viera CG, Matheny SJ
Tobacco cessation mobile app intervention (Just Kwit! study): protocol for a pilot randomized controlled pragmatic trial.
The aims of this pilot study were to assess the impact on tobacco cessation of using a smartphone app compared with usual care and to generate feasibility data to inform a future fully powered clinical trial. The authors suggest that data generated by this study can be used for larger fully powered trials such as comparative effectiveness studies against apps developed by academics or health scientists based on behavioral theories, or cost-effectiveness analyses of mobile interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Chu KH, Escobar-Viera CG, Matheny SJ .
Tobacco cessation mobile app intervention (Just Kwit! study): protocol for a pilot randomized controlled pragmatic trial.
Trials 2019 Feb 26;20(1):147. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3246-2..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Tobacco Use, Young Adults
Mehta B, Szymonifka J, Dey S
Living in immigrant communities does not impact total knee arthroplasty outcomes: experience from a high-volume center in the United States.
The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of neighborhood immigrant proportion (IP) to preoperative and 2-year postoperative pain and function after elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Patients in a high-volume institutional TKA registry were analyzed retrospectively, and demographics, pre-op and 2-year post-op WOMAC pain and function scores, and addresses obtained. Patient-level variables were linked to Census Bureau tract data. Researchers conclude that patients living in high IP neighborhoods do not have worse pre-op or 2-year post-op pain and function outcomes after TKA compared to those living in lower IP neighborhoods.
AHRQ-funded; HS016075.
Citation: Mehta B, Szymonifka J, Dey S .
Living in immigrant communities does not impact total knee arthroplasty outcomes: experience from a high-volume center in the United States.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019 Feb 9;20(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s12891-019-2446-y..
Keywords: Arthritis, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health, Surgery
Gartlehner G, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Wagner G
Increased risks for random errors are common in outcomes graded as high certainty of evidence.
The goal of this article was to assess the risk for random errors in outcomes graded as high certainty of evidence (CoE). Results showed that, overall, 38% of high CoE outcomes had increased risks for random errors. Outcomes assessing harms were more frequently affected than outcomes assessing benefits. Regrading of outcomes with increased random errors showed that 74% should have been downgraded based on current guidance. Recommendations included being aware that outcomes rated as high CoE often have increased risks for false-positive or false-negative findings.
AHRQ-funded; HS024749.
Citation: Gartlehner G, Nussbaumer-Streit B, Wagner G .
Increased risks for random errors are common in outcomes graded as high certainty of evidence.
J Clin Epidemiol 2019 Feb;106:50-59. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.10.009..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies