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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedLeeds IL, DiBrito SR, Canner JK
Cost-benefit limitations of extended, outpatient venous thromboembolism prophylaxis following surgery for Crohn's disease.
This goal of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of extended prophylaxis in patients with Crohn's disease after abdominal surgery. A decision tree model was used to assess cost-effectiveness and cost-per-case averted with extended-duration venous thromboembolism prophylaxis following abdominal surgery. Results showed that extended prophylaxis in patients with Crohn's disease postoperatively is not cost-effective when the cumulative incidence of posthospital thrombosis remains less than 4.9%. These findings are driven by the low absolute risk of thrombosis in this population and the considerable cost of universal treatment.
AHRQ-funded; HS024547.
Citation: Leeds IL, DiBrito SR, Canner JK .
Cost-benefit limitations of extended, outpatient venous thromboembolism prophylaxis following surgery for Crohn's disease.
Dis Colon Rectum 2019 Nov;62(11):1371-80. doi: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000001461..
Keywords: Prevention, Digestive Disease and Health, Surgery, Healthcare Costs, Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Blood Clots, Decision Making, Medication
Schoenfeld EM, Mader S, Houghton C
The effect of shared decisionmaking on patients' likelihood of filing a complaint or lawsuit: a simulation study.
This study examined the effect of shared decisionmaking on the likelihood of a patient filing a complaint or lawsuit after an adverse event. A simulation experiment using clinical vignettes was conducted. The participants, adults from the US were recruited from an online crowd-sourcing platform. They were randomized to vignettes with 1-3 levels of shared decision making. A total of 804 participants were recruited. Those who were exposed to shared decisionmaking were 80% less like to report a plan to contact a lawyer than those not exposed. They also showed higher levels of physician trust, and less likely to fault their physicians for an adverse outcome.
AHRQ-funded; HS024311.
Citation: Schoenfeld EM, Mader S, Houghton C .
The effect of shared decisionmaking on patients' likelihood of filing a complaint or lawsuit: a simulation study.
Ann Emerg Med 2019 Jul;74(1):126-36. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.11.017..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Decision Making, Medical Errors, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient and Family Engagement
Ellis RJ, Brock Hewitt D, Liu JB
Preoperative risk evaluation for pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula that are routinely available in the preoperative setting. Results showed that outcomes were best for patients with three or fewer identified risk factors. The researchers conclude that risk evaluation could be a useful tool in patient counseling and surgical planning.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Ellis RJ, Brock Hewitt D, Liu JB .
Preoperative risk evaluation for pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
J Surg Oncol 2019 Jun;119(8):1128-34. doi: 10.1002/jso.25464..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Decision Making, Patient Safety, Risk, Surgery
Ellis RJ, Gupta AR, Hewitt DB
Risk factors for post-pancreaticoduodenectomy delayed gastric emptying in the absence of pancreatic fistula or intra-abdominal infection.
Researchers sought to define the incidence of delayed gastric emptying (DGE) and identify risk factors for DGE in patients without pancreatic fistula or other intra-abdominal infections. They found that patients were more likely to develop DGE if they were over 74 years of age, male, had undergone pylorus-sparing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), or had a prolonged operative time. They conclude that the incidence of DGE after PD is notable even in patients without other abdominal complications and suggested that identification of patients at increased risk for DGE may aid patient counseling as well as decisions regarding surgical technique, enteral feeding access, and enhanced-recovery pathways.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Ellis RJ, Gupta AR, Hewitt DB .
Risk factors for post-pancreaticoduodenectomy delayed gastric emptying in the absence of pancreatic fistula or intra-abdominal infection.
J Surg Oncol 2019 Jun;119(7):925-31. doi: 10.1002/jso.25398..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Decision Making, Patient Safety, Risk, Surgery
Dahlke AR, Merkow RP, Chung JW
Comparison of postoperative complication risk prediction approaches based on factors known preoperatively to surgeons versus patients.
The objective of this paper was to compare three estimation models: (1) the All Information Model; (2) the Surgeon Assessment Model; and (3) the Patient-Entered Model. The investigators observed a small decline in model performance that they suggest may not be clinically meaningful. They concluded that the Surgeon Assessment and Patient-Entered models with fewer predictors can be used with relative confidence to predict a patient's risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS021857.
Citation: Dahlke AR, Merkow RP, Chung JW .
Comparison of postoperative complication risk prediction approaches based on factors known preoperatively to surgeons versus patients.
Surgery 2014 Jul;156(1):39-45. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2014.03.002.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Decision Making, Risk, Surgery