National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Care Management (1)
- (-) Children/Adolescents (6)
- Critical Care (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospitals (1)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Mortality (2)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- (-) Newborns/Infants (6)
- Nutrition (1)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (3)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Pressure Ulcers (1)
- Respiratory Conditions (1)
- Screening (1)
- Skin Conditions (1)
- Surgery (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedGreenhawt M, Shaker M
Determining levers of cost-effectiveness for screening infants at high risk for peanut sensitization before early peanut introduction.
The authors sought to identify scenarios in which current early peanut introduction guidelines would be cost-effective. They found that the current screening approach to early peanut introduction could be cost-effective at a particular health utility for an in-clinic reaction, skin prick test sensitivity and specificity, and high baseline peanut allergy prevalence among high-risk infants. However, such conditions are unlikely to be plausible to achieve realistically. They recommend further research to define the health state utility associated with reaction location.
AHRQ-funded; HS024599.
Citation: Greenhawt M, Shaker M .
Determining levers of cost-effectiveness for screening infants at high risk for peanut sensitization before early peanut introduction.
JAMA Netw Open 2019 Dec 2;2(12):e1918041. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18041..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Skin Conditions, Screening, Healthcare Costs, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Fleischer E, Neuman MI, Wang ME
Cerebrospinal fluid profiles of infants </=60 days of age with bacterial meningitis.
This study’s aim was to describe the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles in infants 60 days old or younger with bacterial meningitis and characteristics of infants with bacterial meningitis who do not have CSF abnormalities. Infants with culture-positive bacterial meningitis were evaluated in emergency departments of 11 children’s hospitals between 2011 and 2016. Clinical and laboratory data were abstracted from their medical records. Sensitivity of a CFS Gram-stain and corrected CSF pleocytosis was calculated for bacterial meningitis. Most infants 60 days or younger with bacterial meningitis have CSF pleocytosis or a positive Gram-stain result. Bacterial meningitis was unlikely in infants with no CSF pleocytosis and a negative Gram-stain result.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Fleischer E, Neuman MI, Wang ME .
Cerebrospinal fluid profiles of infants </=60 days of age with bacterial meningitis.
Hosp Pediatr 2019 Dec;9(12):979-82. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2019-0202..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Infectious Diseases
Williams CN, Eriksson CO, Kirby A
Hospital mortality and functional outcomes in pediatric neurocritical care.
Pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) outcomes research is scarce. In this study, the investigators aimed to expand knowledge about outcomes in PNCC by evaluating death and changes in Functional Status Scale (FSS) from baseline among PNCC diagnoses. The investigators concluded that PNCC patients had high rates of death and new disability at discharge, varying significantly between PNCC diagnoses. Multiple domains of disability were affected, underscoring the ongoing multidisciplinary health care needs of survivors.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Williams CN, Eriksson CO, Kirby A .
Hospital mortality and functional outcomes in pediatric neurocritical care.
Hosp Pediatr 2019 Dec;9(12):958-66. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2019-0173..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Newborns/Infants, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Critical Care, Neurological Disorders, Mortality, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Hoch JM, Fatusin O, Yenokyan G
Feeding methods for infants with single ventricle physiology are associated with length of stay during stage 2 surgery hospitalization.
The purpose of this paper was to identify types of feeding methods following stage 2 palliation and their influence on length of stay. Results showed that feeding methods established at admission for stage 2 palliation are not likely to change by discharge, and that length of stay is more likely to be impacted by tube feeding and intubation history than by age or weight-for-age z score at admission. Recommendations included a better understanding for selection of feeding methods and their impact on patient outcomes in order to develop evidence-based guidelines to decrease variability in clinical practice patterns and to provide appropriate counseling to caregivers.
AHRQ-funded; HS021114.
Citation: Hoch JM, Fatusin O, Yenokyan G .
Feeding methods for infants with single ventricle physiology are associated with length of stay during stage 2 surgery hospitalization.
Congenit Heart Dis 2019 May;14(3):438-45. doi: 10.1111/chd.12742.
.
.
Keywords: Nutrition, Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Hospitalization, Surgery, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Santosa KB, Keller M, Olsen MA
Negative-pressure wound therapy in infants and children: a population-based study.
Although the safety and benefits of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) have been clearly demonstrated in the adult population, studies evaluating the safety and describing the use of NPWT in the pediatric population have been limited. In this study, the investigators performed a literature review and analyzed the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial Claims Databases from 2006 to 2014 to identify infants and children treated with NPWT.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Santosa KB, Keller M, Olsen MA .
Negative-pressure wound therapy in infants and children: a population-based study.
J Surg Res 2019 Mar;235:560-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.10.043..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Newborns/Infants, Pressure Ulcers, Injuries and Wounds, Care Management, Patient Safety
Haley CA, Brault MA, Mwinga K
Promoting progress in child survival across four African countries: the role of strong health governance and leadership in maternal, neonatal and child health.
The researchers conducted four individual case studies concerning the World Health Organization's African Region Millennium Development Goal #4 (MDG#4) to reduce under-five mortality by two-thirds by 2015. They found that strong health governance and leadership (HGL) was a significant driver of the greater success in Liberia and Zambia compared with Kenya and Zimbabwe. Three aspects of HGL which most consistently contributed to the different progress towards MDG#4 among the four study countries were identified. Although child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa remains high, the authors concluded that comparative study suggests key HGL factors that can facilitate the reduction of child mortality and may prove useful in tackling current Sustainable Development Goals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Haley CA, Brault MA, Mwinga K .
Promoting progress in child survival across four African countries: the role of strong health governance and leadership in maternal, neonatal and child health.
Health Policy Plan 2019 Feb 1;34(1):24-36. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czy105..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Maternal Care, Mortality, Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy