National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Cancer (5)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Decision Making (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
- Disparities (2)
- Elderly (1)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Health Literacy (1)
- Low-Income (1)
- Prevention (3)
- Primary Care (1)
- (-) Racial and Ethnic Minorities (8)
- Risk (1)
- (-) Screening (8)
- Social Determinants of Health (1)
- Urban Health (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedShah SC, Canakis A, Peek RM
Endoscopy for gastric cancer screening is cost effective for Asian Americans in the United States.
Endoscopic screening for gastric cancer is routine in some countries with high incidence and is associated with reduced gastric cancer-related mortality. Immigrants from countries of high incidence to low incidence of gastric cancer retain their elevated risk, but no screening recommendations have been made for these groups in the United States. In this study the investigators aimed to determine the cost effectiveness of different endoscopic screening strategies for noncardia gastric cancer, compared with no screening, among Chinese, Filipino, Southeast Asian, Vietnamese, Korean, and Japanese Americans.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Shah SC, Canakis A, Peek RM .
Endoscopy for gastric cancer screening is cost effective for Asian Americans in the United States.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020 Dec;18(13):3026-39. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.07.031..
Keywords: Cancer, Digestive Disease and Health, Screening, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Healthcare Costs
Koller KR, Day GE, Hiratsuka VY
Increase in diabetes among urban Alaska Native people in the Alaska EARTH follow-up study: a call for prediabetes screening, diagnosis, and referral for intervention.
This study estimated incidence of diabetes (DM) and pre-DM relative to DM risk factors among relatively healthy Alaska Native and American Indian (AN) adults living in urban south-central Alaska. Results showed that, controlling for age and sex, obesity, abdominal adiposity, pre-DM, and metabolic syndrome independently increased DM risk. Recommendations included advising health care providers of AN populations to seize the opportunity to screen, refer, and treat individuals with pre-DM and other modifiable DM risk factors prior to DM diagnosis in order to alter the epidemiologic course of disease progression in this urban AN population.
AHRQ-funded; HS000084.
Citation: Koller KR, Day GE, Hiratsuka VY .
Increase in diabetes among urban Alaska Native people in the Alaska EARTH follow-up study: a call for prediabetes screening, diagnosis, and referral for intervention.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2020 Sep;167:108357. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108357..
Keywords: Diabetes, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Urban Health, Risk, Prevention, Screening, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Chronic Conditions
Davis SN, Wischhusen JW, Sutton SK
Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a community-based sample of older Black Americans.
This study examined the frequency of limited health literacy and demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a sample of older black Americans. The participants enrolled in a community-based intervention to promote colorectal cancer screening and completed baseline surveys that assessed their health literacy using the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine, Revised (REALM-R) test, CRC awareness, cancer fatalism, Preventive Health Model (PHM) constructs, and demographics. Findings showed that limited health literacy was associated with multiple complex factors. Recommendations include interventions to incorporate patient health literacy and low-literacy materials that can be delivered through multiple channels.
AHRQ-funded; HS026120.
Citation: Davis SN, Wischhusen JW, Sutton SK .
Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a community-based sample of older Black Americans.
Patient Educ Couns 2020 Feb;103(2):385-91. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.08.026..
Keywords: Health Literacy, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Elderly, Screening, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Prevention
Acree ME, McNulty M, Blocker O
Shared decision-making around anal cancer screening among black bisexual and gay men in the USA.
This study focused on shared decision-making on anal cancer screening among black gay and bisexual men in the US. The researchers conducted 30 semi-structured one-on-one interviews and two focus groups in 2016-2017. Out of forty-five participants, all were black and male, with 13 identified as bisexual and 32 as gay. Barriers to screening include internalized racism, biphobia/homophobia, provider bias lead to reduced healthcare engagement and discomfort discussing sexual practices which hindered shared decision-making.
AHRQ-funded; HS023050.
Citation: Acree ME, McNulty M, Blocker O .
Shared decision-making around anal cancer screening among black bisexual and gay men in the USA.
Cult Health Sex 2020 Feb;22(2):201-16. doi: 10.1080/13691058.2019.1581897..
Keywords: Decision Making, Cancer, Screening, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Vulnerable Populations
Gupta S, Brenner AT, Ratanawongsa N
Patient trust in physician influences colorectal cancer screening in low-income patients.
The study objective was to characterize the relationship between patient trust and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening behavior among racially and ethnically diverse, low-income patients who had all received a physician recommendation for screening. After controlling for traditional factors, trust in the primary care provider remained the only significant driver of CRC screening completion.
AHRQ-funded; HS013853; HS000032; HS022561
Citation: Gupta S, Brenner AT, Ratanawongsa N .
Patient trust in physician influences colorectal cancer screening in low-income patients.
Am J Prev Med. 2014 Oct;47(4):417-23. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.020..
Keywords: Screening, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Low-Income, Primary Care
Kenik J, Jean-Jacques M, Feinglass J
Explaining racial and ethnic disparities in cholesterol screening.
This study examining the impact of low socioeconomic status, access to care, and language on racial and ethnic disparities in cholesterol screening found that these factors explained most of those disparities. After adjusting for these factors, disparities between whites and Blacks and Hispanics but not Asians and Pacific Islanders were eliminated.
AHRQ-funded; HS021141
Citation: Kenik J, Jean-Jacques M, Feinglass J .
Explaining racial and ethnic disparities in cholesterol screening.
Prev Med. 2014 Aug;65:65-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.04.026..
Keywords: Social Determinants of Health, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening, Access to Care
Cobran EK, Wutoh AK, Lee E
Perceptions of prostate cancer fatalism and screening behavior between United States-born and Caribbean-born Black males.
The purpose of this study was to compare perceptions of prostate cancer (CaP) fatalism and predictors of CaP screening with Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) testing between U.S.-born and Caribbean-born African-American males. In their study of 211 U.S.-born and Caribbean-born Black males between ages 39–75, the researchers found that nativity was not a significant predictor of CaP screening with PSA testing within the last year.
AHRQ-funded; HS011673.
Citation: Cobran EK, Wutoh AK, Lee E .
Perceptions of prostate cancer fatalism and screening behavior between United States-born and Caribbean-born Black males.
J Immigr Minor Health 2014 Jun;16(3):394-400. doi: 10.1007/s10903-013-9825-5..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Cancer
Yaghjyan L, Wolin K, Chang SH
Racial disparities in healthy behaviors and cancer screening among breast cancer survivors and women without cancer: National Health Interview Survey 2005.
This study aimed to compare healthy behaviors and cancer screening practices among breast cancer survivors and respondents without cancer separately in Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic women. It found that most differences were suggestive and do not differ by race.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Yaghjyan L, Wolin K, Chang SH .
Racial disparities in healthy behaviors and cancer screening among breast cancer survivors and women without cancer: National Health Interview Survey 2005.
Cancer Causes Control. 2014 May;25(5):605-14. doi: 10.1007/s10552-014-0365-7..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Women, Disparities, Screening