National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (2)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Blood Thinners (1)
- (-) Cardiovascular Conditions (11)
- Care Management (1)
- Children/Adolescents (1)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (1)
- Communication (1)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Decision Making (2)
- Evidence-Based Practice (6)
- Guidelines (3)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
- Healthcare Delivery (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (3)
- Implementation (2)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Medical Devices (1)
- Medication (3)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Nutrition (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (1)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (2)
- Pneumonia (1)
- Practice Improvement (1)
- Practice Patterns (1)
- (-) Prevention (11)
- Primary Care (3)
- Primary Care: Models of Care (1)
- Quality Improvement (2)
- Quality of Care (2)
- Risk (5)
- Screening (1)
- Stroke (2)
- Surgery (2)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 11 of 11 Research Studies DisplayedCykert S, Keyserling TC, Pignone M
A controlled trial of dissemination and implementation of a cardiovascular risk reduction strategy in small primary care practices.
Researchers assessed the effect of dissemination and implementation of an intervention consisting of practice facilitation and a risk-stratified, population management dashboard on cardiovascular risk reduction for patients at high risk in small, primary care practices. They found that a risk-stratified, population management dashboard combined with practice facilitation led to substantial reductions of 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk for patients at high risk. They recommended utilizing similar approaches to lead to effective dissemination and implementation of other new evidence, especially in rural and other under-resourced practices.
AHRQ-funded; HS023912.
Citation: Cykert S, Keyserling TC, Pignone M .
A controlled trial of dissemination and implementation of a cardiovascular risk reduction strategy in small primary care practices.
Health Serv Res 2020 Dec;55(6):944-53. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13571..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Prevention, Primary Care, Implementation, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Rushkin MC
Behavioral counseling to pomote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Researchers reviewed the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to improve diet and physical activity in adults with cardiovascular risk factors. They found that medium- and high-contact multisession behavioral counseling interventions to improve diet and increase physical activity for people with elevated blood pressure and lipid levels were effective in reducing cardiovascular events, blood pressure, low-density lipoproteins, and adiposity-related outcomes, with little to no risk of serious harm.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: O'Connor EA, Evans CV, Rushkin MC .
Behavioral counseling to pomote a healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 Nov 24;324(20):2076-94. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.17108..
Keywords: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Cardiovascular Conditions, Nutrition, Lifestyle Changes, Risk, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines
Gartlehner G, Vander Schaaf EB, Orr C
Gartlehner G, Vander Schaaf EB, Orr C, Kennedy SM, Clark R, Viswanathan M. Screening for hypertension in children and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
This paper is an evidence update that accompanies the final recommendation from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) on screening and treatment of hypertension in childhood and adolescence. The update confirmed the previous update that the evidence is inconclusive whether the diagnostic accuracy of blood pressure measurements is adequate for screening asymptomatic children and adolescents in primary care. Forty-two studies from 43 publications were included in the final review.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500011I.
Citation: Gartlehner G, Vander Schaaf EB, Orr C .
Gartlehner G, Vander Schaaf EB, Orr C, Kennedy SM, Clark R, Viswanathan M. Screening for hypertension in children and adolescents: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
JAMA 2020 Nov 10;324(18):1884-95. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.11119..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), Blood Pressure, Screening, Evidence-Based Practice, Prevention, Cardiovascular Conditions
Bavishi A, Bruce M, Ning H
Predictive accuracy of heart failure-specific risk equations in an electronic health record-based cohort.
The objective of this study was to assess the predictive accuracy of the Pooled Cohort Equations to Prevent Heart Failure within a primary prevention cohort derived from the electronic health record. Findings showed that a novel sex- and race-specific risk score predicts incident heart failure (HF) in a real-world, electronic health record-based cohort. Recommendations included integration of HF risk into the electronic health record to allow for risk-based discussion, enhanced surveillance, and targeted preventive interventions in order to reduce the public health burden of HF.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Bavishi A, Bruce M, Ning H .
Predictive accuracy of heart failure-specific risk equations in an electronic health record-based cohort.
Circ Heart Fail 2020 Nov;13(11):e007462. doi: 10.1161/circheartfailure.120.007462..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Risk
Strobel RJ, Harrington SD, Hill C
Evaluating the impact of pneumonia prevention recommendations after cardiac surgery.
Pneumonia is the most prevalent healthcare-associated infection after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but the relative effectiveness of strategies to reduce its incidence remains unclear. In this study, the investigators evaluated the relationship between healthcare-associated infection recommendations and risk of pneumonia after CABG. These pneumonia prevention recommendations may serve as effective targets for avoiding postoperative healthcare-associated infections.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535; HS022909.
Citation: Strobel RJ, Harrington SD, Hill C .
Evaluating the impact of pneumonia prevention recommendations after cardiac surgery.
Ann Thorac Surg 2020 Sep;110(3):903-10. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.12.053..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Adverse Events, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Risk
Persell SD, Liss DT, Walunas TL
Effects of 2 forms of practice facilitation on cardiovascular prevention in primary care: a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness trial.
Effective quality improvement (QI) strategies are needed for small practices. The objective of this study was to compare practice facilitation implementing point-of-care (POC) QI strategies alone versus facilitation implementing point-of-care plus population management (POC+PM) strategies on preventive cardiovascular care. The investigators concluded that facilitator-led QI promoting population management approaches plus POC improvement strategies was not clearly superior to POC strategies alone.
AHRQ-funded; HS023921.
Citation: Persell SD, Liss DT, Walunas TL .
Effects of 2 forms of practice facilitation on cardiovascular prevention in primary care: a practice-randomized, comparative effectiveness trial.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Primary Care: Models of Care, Primary Care, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Care Management, Healthcare Delivery
Pinto D, Prabhakaran S, Tipton E
Why physicians prescribe prophylactic seizure medications after intracerebral hemorrhage: an adaptive conjoint analysis.
Seizures are a morbid complication of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and increase the risk for herniation, status epilepticus, and worse patient outcomes. Prophylactic levetiracetam is administered to approximately 40% of patients with ICH. It is unclear which patients are consciously selected for treatment by physicians. In this study, the investigators sought to determine how patients are selected for treatment with prophylactic levetiracetam after ICH.
AHRQ-funded; HS023437.
Citation: Pinto D, Prabhakaran S, Tipton E .
Why physicians prescribe prophylactic seizure medications after intracerebral hemorrhage: an adaptive conjoint analysis.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2020 Apr;29(4):104628. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104628..
Keywords: Neurological Disorders, Medication, Prevention, Cardiovascular Conditions, Stroke, Decision Making
Brand-McCarthy SR, Delaney RK, Noseworthy PA
Can shared decision making improve stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation?: Implications of the updated guidelines.
This paper discusses the need for shared decision making (SDM) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients not just at the beginning of treatment but throughout during ongoing care. Use of SDM can help with patient adherence to recommended anticoagulation treatment regimens and lifestyle changes. It can help build a strong partnership between clinician and patient.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Brand-McCarthy SR, Delaney RK, Noseworthy PA .
Can shared decision making improve stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation?: Implications of the updated guidelines.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2020 Mar;13(3):e006080. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.119.006080..
Keywords: Decision Making, Stroke, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Prevention, Guidelines, Blood Thinners, Medication, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication
Sweeney SM, Hemler JR, Baron AN
Dedicated workforce required to support large-scale practice improvement.
Facilitation is an effective approach for helping practices implement sustainable evidence-based practice improvements. Few studies examine the facilitation infrastructure and support needed for large-scale dissemination and implementation initiatives. In this paper, the authors discuss a project by the Agency for Health care Research and Quality in which it funded 7 Cooperatives, each of which worked with over 200 primary care practices to rapidly disseminate and implement improvements in cardiovascular preventive care.
AHRQ-funded; HS023940.
Citation: Sweeney SM, Hemler JR, Baron AN .
Dedicated workforce required to support large-scale practice improvement.
J Am Board Fam Med 2020 Mar-Apr;33(2):230-39. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2020.02.190261..
Keywords: Practice Improvement, Primary Care, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Delivery, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Prevention, Implementation, Evidence-Based Practice
Chandanabhumma PP, Fetters MD, Pagani FD
Understanding and addressing variation in health care-associated infections after durable ventricular assist device therapy: protocol for a mixed methods study.
This paper discusses an ongoing AHRQ-funded study to understand and address variation in health care-associated infections (HAIs) after durable ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation surgery. This procedure is used only on patients with advanced heart failure who have a poor 1-year estimated survival rate. This is a sequential mixed methods study which is conducting a systematic review of HAI prevention studies, and an in-depth quantitative analyses using administration claims, in-depth clinical data, and organizational surveys of VAD centers. The last aim is to develop and disseminate a best practices toolkit for HAI prevention. Data analysis is currently underway.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Chandanabhumma PP, Fetters MD, Pagani FD .
Understanding and addressing variation in health care-associated infections after durable ventricular assist device therapy: protocol for a mixed methods study.
JMIR Res Protoc 2020 Jan 7;9(1):e14701. doi: 10.2196/14701..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Surgery, Medical Devices, Prevention, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Adverse Events
Goldsweig AM, Reid KJ, Gosch K
Contemporary use of dual antiplatelet therapy for preventing cardiovascular events.
The authors examined dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) use in contemporary clinical practice after publication of the results of the landmark randomized clinical trial CHARISMA. They found that use of DAPT is modest in patients with established cardiovascular disease, for whom the CHARISMA trial suggested decreased major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and prescription rates have remained stable over time; use of DAPT in patients with multiple risk factors only, for whom CHARISMA suggested that DAPT may lead to increased MACEs, was low and decreased over time.
AHRQ-funded; HS018781.
Citation: Goldsweig AM, Reid KJ, Gosch K .
Contemporary use of dual antiplatelet therapy for preventing cardiovascular events.
Am J Manag Care 2014 Aug;20(8):659-65.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Prevention, Practice Patterns, Risk