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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 2 of 2 Research Studies DisplayedBeltran Ale G, Benscoter D, Hossain MM
Impact of respiratory viral polymerase chain reaction testing on de-escalation of antibiotic therapy in children who require chronic positive pressure ventilation.
This study examined whether positive viral infection results stops antibiotic use in children who require chronic positive pressure ventilation (CPPV) who are frequently hospitalized with acute respiratory infections. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with 118 children on CPPV who had respiratory viral polymerase chain reaction (RVP) testing on admission. A viral pathogen was identified in 46.5% of the cases, with rhinovirus the most frequently identified. Antibiotic de-escalation occurred in only 33% of admissions and did not seem to impact antibiotic prescribing for hospitalized children on CPPV.
AHRQ-funded; HS012538.
Citation: Beltran Ale G, Benscoter D, Hossain MM .
Impact of respiratory viral polymerase chain reaction testing on de-escalation of antibiotic therapy in children who require chronic positive pressure ventilation.
Pediatr Pulmonol 2020 Aug;55(8):2150-55. doi: 10.1002/ppul.24884..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Antibiotics, Medication, Chronic Conditions
Donovan BM, Abreo A, Ding T
Dose, timing, and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma.
This study examined the association between dose, timing and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma. The study examined a cohort of 152,622 children enrolled in the Tennessee Medicaid Program. At least 79% had at least one antibiotic prescription fill during infancy. There was a 20% increase in odds of childhood asthma for each additional antibiotic filled. There was no significant association between timing, formulation, anaerobic coverage and class of antibiotics and childhood asthma. However, broad spectrum antibiotic fills increased the odds of development of childhood asthma compared to narrow spectrum only fills.
AHRQ-funded; HS018454.
Citation: Donovan BM, Abreo A, Ding T .
Dose, timing, and type of infant antibiotic use and the risk of childhood asthma.
Clin Infect Dis 2020 Apr 10;70(8):1658-65. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz448..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Children/Adolescents, Antibiotics, Medication, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Risk, Chronic Conditions