National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- COVID-19 (3)
- Diabetes (1)
- Disparities (5)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
- (-) Hospitalization (7)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (1)
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- (-) Racial and Ethnic Minorities (7)
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- Women (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 7 of 7 Research Studies DisplayedSong Zhang, Zhang X, Patterson LJ
Racial and ethnic disparities in hospitalization outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This study assessed assess racial and ethnic differences in hospitalization outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic among Medicare beneficiaries. Medicare claims from the Social Security Administration was used to determine in-hospital mortality and mortality inclusive of discharges to hospice and discharges to postacute care. Over 31 million Medicare recipients in the database were analyzed with over 14 million hospitalizations from January 2019 to February 2021. There was a decline in non-COVID-19 and an emergence of COVID-19 hospitalizations among beneficiaries of different racial and ethnic minority groups through February 2021. In-hospital mortality was not significantly different among Black patients relative to White patients but was 3.5 percentage points higher among Hispanic patients and other racial and ethnic minority groups. There were disparities in discharges to hospice and postacute care as well.
AHRQ-funded; HS024072.
Citation: Song Zhang, Zhang X, Patterson LJ .
Racial and ethnic disparities in hospitalization outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JAMA Health Forum 2021 Dec 23;2(12):e214223. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2021.4223..
Keywords: COVID-19, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities, Medicare, Hospitalization, Outcomes, Mortality
Ingraham NE, Purcell LN, Karam BS
Racial and ethnic disparities in hospital admissions from COVID-19: determining the impact of neighborhood deprivation and primary language.
This retrospective cohort study evaluated neighborhood-level deprivation and English language proficiency effects on disproportionate outcomes seen in racial and ethnic minorities diagnosed with COVID-19. Health records of 12 Midwest hospitals and 60 clinics in Minnesota between March 4 and August 19, 2020 were used. COVID-19 hospitalization rates were evaluated against the patient’s Area Deprivation Index (ADI) and primary language. A total of 5577 individuals were included, with 866 hospitalized within 45 days of diagnosis. Hospitalized patients were older, and more likely to be male. Minority/race ethnicity was associated with COVID-19 severity, but ADI was not associated with increased hospitalization. Non-English speaking significantly increased odds of hospital admission across and within minority groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS024532; HS26732; HS026379.
Citation: Ingraham NE, Purcell LN, Karam BS .
Racial and ethnic disparities in hospital admissions from COVID-19: determining the impact of neighborhood deprivation and primary language.
J Gen Intern Med 2021 Nov;36(11):3462-70. doi: 10.1007/s11606-021-06790-w..
Keywords: COVID-19, Hospitalization, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Disparities
Dixon BE, Grannis SJ, Lembcke LR
The synchronicity of COVID-19 disparities: statewide epidemiologic trends in SARS-CoV-2 morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality among racial minorities and in rural America.
Researchers sought to examine trends in COVID-19 morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality over time for minority and rural populations, especially during the U.S. fall surge. Data were taken from a statewide cohort of adult residents in Indiana tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The researchers found that, by the fall of 2020, hospitalization and mortality rates in rural areas surpassed those of urban areas, and gaps between black/brown and white populations narrowed. Cumulative morbidity and mortality were highest among minority groups and in rural communities. They concluded that the synchronicity of disparities in COVID-19 by race and geography suggested that health officials explicitly measure disparities and adjust mitigation as well as vaccination strategies to protect those sub-populations with greater disease burden.
AHRQ-funded; HS025502.
Citation: Dixon BE, Grannis SJ, Lembcke LR .
The synchronicity of COVID-19 disparities: statewide epidemiologic trends in SARS-CoV-2 morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality among racial minorities and in rural America.
PLoS One 2021 Jul 23;16(7):e0255063. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255063..
Keywords: COVID-19, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Hospitalization, Mortality, Rural Health
Pollack LM, Lowder JL, Keller M
Racial/ethnic differences in the risk of surgical complications and posthysterectomy hospitalization among women undergoing hysterectomy for benign conditions.
The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate whether 30- and 90-day surgical complication and postoperative hospitalization rates after hysterectomy for benign conditions differed by race/ethnicity and whether the differences remained after controlling for patient, hospital, and surgical characteristics. The investigators concluded that Black and Asian/Pacific Islander women had higher risk of some 30- and 90-day surgical complications after hysterectomy than white women. Black and Hispanic women had higher risk of posthysterectomy hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS019455.
Citation: Pollack LM, Lowder JL, Keller M .
Racial/ethnic differences in the risk of surgical complications and posthysterectomy hospitalization among women undergoing hysterectomy for benign conditions.
J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021 May;28(5):1022-32.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.12.032..
Keywords: Surgery, Risk, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Adverse Events, Hospitalization, Women
Sentell TL, Juarez DT, Ahn HJ
Disparities in diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations among working-age Native Hawaiians and Asians in Hawai'i.
Elderly (65+) Native Hawaiian, Filipino, and Japanese men and Filipino women have a higher risk of diabetes-related potentially preventable hospitalizations than whites. The authors sought to determine if similar disparities are seen among the non-elderly (< 65). They found that preventable hospitalizations rates were significantly higher for Native Hawaiians males compared to whites, but significantly lower for Chinese men and women, Japanese men and women, and Filipino men and women. Rates for Native Hawaiian females did not differ significantly from Whites. Disparities in diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations were seen for working-age (18-64) Native Hawaiian men even when their higher population-level diabetes prevalence was considered.
AHRQ-funded; HS019990.
Citation: Sentell TL, Juarez DT, Ahn HJ .
Disparities in diabetes-related preventable hospitalizations among working-age Native Hawaiians and Asians in Hawai'i.
Hawaii J Med Public Health 2014 Dec;73(12 Suppl 3):8-13.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Disparities, Hospitalization, Quality Indicators (QIs), Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Sentell T, Marten L, Ahn HJ
Disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for native Hawaiians and Asians compared to whites in Hawaii.
This study investigated characteristics and disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for Asian American subgroups and Native Hawaiians using data from all hospitalizations in Hawai‘i between December 2006 and December 2010. It concluded that disparities appear to exist in rates of hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for Native Hawaiians and Asians, as well as in the demographic and, to some degree, the clinical characteristics of those hospitalized.
AHRQ-funded; HS019990.
Citation: Sentell T, Marten L, Ahn HJ .
Disparities in hospitalizations among HIV positive individuals for native Hawaiians and Asians compared to whites in Hawaii.
Hawaii J Med Public Health 2014 Oct;73(10):308-14..
Keywords: Hospitalization, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Basu J
AHRQ Author: Basu J
Has access to care changed in minority communities? A study of preventable hospitalizations over time in selected States.
Basu assessed the changes in access to care in minority communities by examining the association between preventable hospitalization rates and racial/ethnic composition of the community during 1995-2005. Using HCUP data, the results indicated increases in barriers faced by minority adults in accessing primary care over time, with no similar evidence for the elderly subgroup.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Basu J .
Has access to care changed in minority communities? A study of preventable hospitalizations over time in selected States.
J Ambul Care Manage 2014 Oct-Dec;37(4):314-30. doi: 10.1097/jac.0000000000000024.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Primary Care, Racial and Ethnic Minorities