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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Events (2)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Arthritis (3)
- Autism (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Burnout (1)
- Care Coordination (1)
- Caregiving (2)
- Children/Adolescents (2)
- Chronic Conditions (3)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (5)
- Communication (3)
- Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (2)
- Decision Making (7)
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- Education: Patient and Caregiver (1)
- Elderly (2)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (4)
- Emergency Department (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (2)
- Healthcare Costs (1)
- Healthcare Delivery (2)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- Health Information Exchange (HIE) (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (5)
- Health Literacy (4)
- Health Promotion (1)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Inpatient Care (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (1)
- Low-Income (1)
- Medical Liability (1)
- Medication (1)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Orthopedics (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (5)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- (-) Patient and Family Engagement (23)
- Patient Experience (1)
- Patient Safety (3)
- Patient Self-Management (2)
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- Provider: Clinician (1)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
- Provider: Nurse (1)
- Provider: Physician (1)
- Public Reporting (1)
- Quality of Care (2)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (1)
- Surgery (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Transitions of Care (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 23 of 23 Research Studies DisplayedMcAlearney AS, Sieck CJ, Gregory ME
Examining patients' capacity to use patient portals: insights for telehealth.
The objective of this study was to examine factors related to patients' capacity to use a patient portal and test the impact of these factors on patients' portal use. Using data from a large-scale randomized controlled trial of patient portal use, over one thousand hospitalized patients responded to survey items that were then mapped onto the 4 dimensions of the Engagement Capacity Framework. Findings showed that patients with fewer resources, fewer capabilities, lower willingness, and lower overall capacity to use patient portals used the portal less; in contrast, those with lower perceived self-efficacy used the portal more. These differences in patients' capacity to use patient portals provide an initial understanding of factors that may influence the use of telehealth and offer important guidance in efforts to support patients' telehealth use.
AHRQ-funded; HS024379; HS024091; HS024349.
Citation: McAlearney AS, Sieck CJ, Gregory ME .
Examining patients' capacity to use patient portals: insights for telehealth.
Med Care 2021 Dec;59(12):1067-74. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001639..
Keywords: Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient and Family Engagement
Brown TT, Hurley VB, Rodriguez HP
Association of patient engagement strategies with utilisation and spending for musculoskeletal problems in the USA: a cross-sectional analysis of Medicare patients and physician practices.
This cross-sectional study assessed the association of physician practice-level adoption of patient engagement strategies (PES), such as shared decision-making and motivational interviewing, with utilization and spending. The cohort included primary and secondary patients in 2190 practices who receiving treatment for hip (39,336), knee (48,362), and lower-back (67,940) issues who were Medicare beneficiaries that were matched to the 2017-2018 National Survey of Healthcare Organizations and Systems. Outcome measures were total knee replacement (TKR), total hip replacement (THR), 1-2 level posterior lumbar fusion (LF), total annual spending, and components of total annual spending. Spending was significantly lower in some categories for practices with relatively higher PES adoption, but did not differ for other practices. The odds of receiving THR were higher in independent practices for patients attributed to practices with moderate PES compared to patients in practices with low PES.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: Brown TT, Hurley VB, Rodriguez HP .
Association of patient engagement strategies with utilisation and spending for musculoskeletal problems in the USA: a cross-sectional analysis of Medicare patients and physician practices.
BMJ Open 2021 Nov 26;11(11):e053121. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053121..
Keywords: Patient and Family Engagement, Healthcare Utilization, Healthcare Costs, Arthritis, Orthopedics
Fuji KT, Abbott AA, Galt KA
A mixed-methods evaluation of standalone personal health record use by patients with type 2 diabetes.
The purpose of this study was to compare use of a standalone personal health records (PHRs) by patients with Type 2 diabetes to usual care through assessment of self-care behaviors, and short-term impact on social cognitive outcomes and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Five themes emerged from the qualitative analysis describing participants' experiences with the PHR and identifying reasons for lack of engagement. Study findings revealed low PHR uptake and minimal impact on study outcomes, including lack of communication and information-sharing between patients and providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS018625.
Citation: Fuji KT, Abbott AA, Galt KA .
A mixed-methods evaluation of standalone personal health record use by patients with type 2 diabetes.
Perspect Health Inf Manag 2021 Fall;18(4):1e..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Diabetes, Patient Self-Management, Chronic Conditions, Patient and Family Engagement
De Roo AC, Vitous CA, Rivard SJ
High-risk surgery among older adults: not-quite shared decision-making.
This study explored surgeons’ approaches to decision-making for surgery among adults ≥65 years at high-risk of postoperative complications or death. The authors conducted semistructured in-depth interviews with 46 practicing surgeons across Michigan. They found that although shared decision-making is strongly recommended, surgeons who perform high-risk operations among older adults predominantly focused on assessing risk and setting expectations with patients and families rather than inviting them to actively participate in the decision-making process. Surgeons were also influenced by quality metrics, referrals, and personal experiences.
AHRQ-funded; HS026772; HS000053.
Citation: De Roo AC, Vitous CA, Rivard SJ .
High-risk surgery among older adults: not-quite shared decision-making.
Surgery 2021 Sep;170(3):756-63. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.02.005..
Keywords: Elderly, Surgery, Decision Making, Patient and Family Engagement
Smith BM, Sharma R, Das A
Patient and family engagement strategies for children and adolescents with chronic diseases: a review of systematic reviews.
Patient and family engagement is important for family-centered care, particularly for children and adolescents with chronic disease. In this study the investigators aimed to 1) identify available evidence from systematic reviews on engagement strategies used to help children, adolescents, and their caregivers manage chronic conditions, and 2) identify gaps in the literature. They searched PubMed and CINAHL from January 2015 to January 2020 for systematic reviews on patient and family engagement strategies in the pediatrics population (<18 years).
AHRQ-funded; 290201500006I.
Citation: Smith BM, Sharma R, Das A .
Patient and family engagement strategies for children and adolescents with chronic diseases: a review of systematic reviews.
Patient Educ Couns 2021 Sep;104(9):2213-23. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2021.02.026..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Patient and Family Engagement, Chronic Conditions, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient Self-Management
Hershberger PJ, Pei Y, Bricker DA
Advancing motivational interviewing training with artificial intelligence: ReadMI.
The research team developed and tested a training tool, Real-time Assessment of Dialogue in Motivational Interviewing (ReadMI), that uses natural language processing to provide immediate motivational interviewing (MI) metrics and thereby address the need for more effective MI training. They found that the more time a physician spent talking, the less likely the physician was engaging in MI-consistent interview behaviors, including open-ended questions, reflective statements, or use of a change ruler. They concluded that ReadMI produced specific metrics that a trainer can share with a student, resident, or clinician for immediate feedback.
AHRQ-funded; HS026548.
Citation: Hershberger PJ, Pei Y, Bricker DA .
Advancing motivational interviewing training with artificial intelligence: ReadMI.
Adv Med Educ Pract 2021 Jun 4;12:613-18. doi: 10.2147/amep.S312373..
Keywords: Lifestyle Changes, Clinician-Patient Communication, Patient and Family Engagement
Willard-Grace R, Knox M, Huang B
Primary care clinician burnout and engagement association with clinical quality and patient experience.
Burnout and engagement are commonly conceptualized as opposite ends of a spectrum, and there is concern that high clinician burnout and lack of engagement may adversely impact patient care. In this study, the investigators matched self-reported data on burnout and engagement for 182 primary care clinicians with data on clinical quality (cancer screenings, hypertension and diabetes control) and patient experience (Clinician and Group Survey-Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems [CG-CAHPS] communication scores, overall rating, and likelihood to recommend the clinic).
AHRQ-funded; HS026067.
Citation: Willard-Grace R, Knox M, Huang B .
Primary care clinician burnout and engagement association with clinical quality and patient experience.
J Am Board Fam Med 2021 May-Jun;34(3):542-52. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2021.03.200515..
Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Burnout, Patient Experience, Patient and Family Engagement, Provider: Clinician, Provider: Physician, Quality of Care, Provider: Nurse, Provider: Health Personnel
Dalal AK, Piniella N, Fuller TE
Evaluation of electronic health record-integrated digital health tools to engage hospitalized patients in discharge preparation.
Researchers sought to evaluate the effect of electronic health record (EHR)-integrated digital health tools comprised of a checklist and video on transitions-of-care outcomes for patients preparing for discharge. They found that EHR-integrated digital health tools to prepare patients for discharge did not significantly increase patient activation and was associated with a longer length of stay.
AHRQ-funded; HS024751.
Citation: Dalal AK, Piniella N, Fuller TE .
Evaluation of electronic health record-integrated digital health tools to engage hospitalized patients in discharge preparation.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2021 Mar 18;28(4):704-12. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocaa321..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Hospital Discharge, Patient and Family Engagement, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Feinberg E, Kuhn J, Eilenberg JS
Improving family navigation for children with autism: a comparison of two pilot randomized controlled trials.
This study looked at impacts of a modification to a pilot program called Family Navigation to help low-income, minority children needing autism-related diagnostic services receive those services. An advisory group recommended modifications to recruitment criteria and study conditions. 40 parent-child dyad participants were randomized between the two pilots to receive usual care (UC) or modified FN. Participant enrollment, satisfaction with clinical care, and timely completion of the diagnostic assessment were compared. Recruitment improved significantly with the modified protocol (4.8% vs. 19.5%) and no participants were excluded from study enrollment compared to the first pilot (43.6%). Families in the second pilot were more likely to complete diagnostic assessment and report greater satisfaction with clinical care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022155; HS022242.
Citation: Feinberg E, Kuhn J, Eilenberg JS .
Improving family navigation for children with autism: a comparison of two pilot randomized controlled trials.
Acad Pediatr 2021 Mar;21(2):265-71. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2020.04.007..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Autism, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Care Coordination, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Low-Income, Patient and Family Engagement, Chronic Conditions
Aronson PL, Politi MC, Schaeffer P
Development of an app to facilitate communication and shared decision-making with parents of febrile infants ≤ 60 days old.
This study’s aim was to develop and test a tool to engage parents of febrile infants 60 days or less of age evaluated in the emergency department (ED). The tool was designed to improve communication between parents and healthcare providers and to support shared decision-making (SDM) about whether to perform a lumbar puncture (LP) for infants 29 to 60 days of age. The authors conducted a multi-phase development and testing process including individual, semi-structured interviews with parents and clinicians; design of a “storyboard” of the tool with design impression testing; development of a software application prototype called e-Care; and usability testing of e-Care using qualitative assessment and the System Usability Scale (SUS). The authors interviewed 27 parents and 23 clinicians. After the interviews, they developed separate versions of e-Care for infants aged 28 days or less and 29 to 60 days of age in both English and Spanish. e-Care is divided into 4 sections: 1) homepage; 2) why testing is done; 3) what tests are done; and 4) what happens after testing. The mean SUS score given by parents and clinicians was 90.3 representing “excellent” usability.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation: Aronson PL, Politi MC, Schaeffer P .
Development of an app to facilitate communication and shared decision-making with parents of febrile infants ≤ 60 days old.
Acad Emerg Med 2021 Jan;28(1):46-59. doi: 10.1111/acem.14082..
Keywords: Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Newborns/Infants, Caregiving, Decision Making, Patient and Family Engagement, Emergency Department, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Holden RJ, Abebe E
Medication transitions: vulnerable periods of change in need of human factors and ergonomics.
The authors present a novel view of transitions from the lens of patient ergonomics which posits that patients and other nonprofessionals experience many changes during patient work transitions toward health-related goals. Medication transitions are particularly vulnerable. Two cases of medication transitions; new and medication deprescribing are described in which the patient work lens reveals many accompanying changes, vulnerabilities, and opportunities for human factors and ergonomics.
AHRQ-funded; HS024384.
Citation: Holden RJ, Abebe E .
Medication transitions: vulnerable periods of change in need of human factors and ergonomics.
Appl Ergon 2021 Jan;90:103279. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103279..
Keywords: Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient and Family Engagement, Transitions of Care, Patient Safety
Valentine KD, Mancini B, Vo H
Using standardized videos to examine the validity of the shared decision making process scale: results of a randomized online experiment.
The Shared Decision Making (SDM) Process scale is a brief, patient-reported measure of SDM with demonstrated validity in surgical decision-making studies. In this study, the investigators examined the validity of the scores in assessing SDM for cancer screening and medication decisions through standardized videos of good-quality and poor-quality SDM consultations. The investigators concluded that SDM process scores showed good evidence of validity in a hypothetical scenario but were lacking in ability to classify good-quality or poor-quality videos accurately.
AHRQ-funded; HSO25718.
Citation: Valentine KD, Mancini B, Vo H .
Using standardized videos to examine the validity of the shared decision making process scale: results of a randomized online experiment.
Med Decis Making 2022 Jan;42(1):105-13. doi: 10.1177/0272989x211029267..
Keywords: Decision Making, Patient and Family Engagement
Prey JE, Restaino S, Vawdrey DK
Providing hospital patients with access to their medical records.
The researchers conducted two experiments to better understand clinician and patient perceptions about giving patients access to their medical records during hospital encounters. They found that increased patient information sharing in the inpatient setting is beneficial and desirable to patients, and generally acceptable to clinicians.
AHRQ-funded; HS021816.
Citation: Prey JE, Restaino S, Vawdrey DK .
Providing hospital patients with access to their medical records.
AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2014 Nov 14;2014:1884-93.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Inpatient Care, Patient and Family Engagement, Provider, Clinician-Patient Communication
Aschbrenner KA, Pepin R, Mueser KT
A mixed methods exploration of family involvement in medical care for older adults with serious mental illness.
This study explored family involvement in medical care for older adults with serious mental illness (SMI). The investigators found that approximately 89% of older adults with SMI reported family involvement in at least one aspect of their medical care (e.g., medication reminders, medical decision making). However, many family members reported that they were rarely involved in their relative's medical visits, and most did not perceive a need to be involved during routine care.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Aschbrenner KA, Pepin R, Mueser KT .
A mixed methods exploration of family involvement in medical care for older adults with serious mental illness.
Int J Psychiatry Med 2014;48(2):121-33. doi: 10.2190/PM.48.2.e..
Keywords: Caregiving, Elderly, Behavioral Health, Patient and Family Engagement
Shaller D, Kanouse DE, Schlesinger M
Context-based strategies for engaging consumers with public reports about health care providers.
The authors identified three key factors influencing consumer engagement and showed how they manifest in different ways and combinations for four particular choice contexts that appear to offer realistic opportunities for engagement. They also analyzed how these engagement factors play out differently in each choice context and suggest specific strategies that sponsors of public reports can use in each context.
AHRQ-funded; HS016978; HS016980.
Citation: Shaller D, Kanouse DE, Schlesinger M .
Context-based strategies for engaging consumers with public reports about health care providers.
Med Care Res Rev 2014 Oct;71(5 Suppl):17s-37s. doi: 10.1177/1077558713493118.
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Keywords: Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Quality of Care, Patient and Family Engagement, Public Reporting
Furukawa MF, King J, Patel V
AHRQ Author: Furukawa MF, Hsiao CJ
Despite substantial progress in EHR adoption, health information exchange and patient engagement remain low in office settings.
The authors investigated the growth of EHR adoption. They found gaps in EHR adoption, with physicians in solo practices and non-primary care specialties lagging behind others; exchange with other providers was limited, with only 14 percent sharing data with providers outside their organization; and 24 percent routinely provided patients with the ability to view online, download, or transmit their health record.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Furukawa MF, King J, Patel V .
Despite substantial progress in EHR adoption, health information exchange and patient engagement remain low in office settings.
Health Aff 2014 Sep;33(9):1672-9. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2014.0445.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Exchange (HIE), Health Information Technology (HIT), Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Patient and Family Engagement
Barton JL, Trupin L, Tonner C
English language proficiency, health literacy, and trust in physician are associated with shared decision making in rheumatoid arthritis.
The objective of this study was to examine patterns of perceived communication around decision making in 2 cohorts of adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The investigators found that nearly one-third of subjects reported suboptimal shared decision making communication (SDM) with their clinicians, regardless of cohort. Lower trust in physician was independently associated with suboptimal SDM communication in both cohorts.
AHRQ-funded; HS019209.
Citation: Barton JL, Trupin L, Tonner C .
English language proficiency, health literacy, and trust in physician are associated with shared decision making in rheumatoid arthritis.
J Rheumatol 2014 Jul;41(7):1290-7. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.131350..
Keywords: Arthritis, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Decision Making, Health Literacy, Patient and Family Engagement
Barton JL, Trupin L, Tonner C
English language proficiency, health literacy, and trust in physician are associated with shared decision making in rheumatoid arthritis.
The objective of this study was to examine patterns of perceived communication around decision making in 2 cohorts of adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The investigators found that nearly one-third of subjects reported suboptimal shared decision making communication (SDM) with their clinicians, regardless of cohort. Lower trust in physician was independently associated with suboptimal SDM communication in both cohorts.
AHRQ-funded; HS019209.
Citation: Barton JL, Trupin L, Tonner C .
English language proficiency, health literacy, and trust in physician are associated with shared decision making in rheumatoid arthritis.
J Rheumatol 2014 Jul;41(7):1290-7. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.131350..
Keywords: Arthritis, Clinician-Patient Communication, Communication, Decision Making, Health Literacy, Patient and Family Engagement
Berger Z, Flickinger TE, Pfoh E
Promoting engagement by patients and families to reduce adverse events in acute care settings: a systematic review.
This review examined how interventions encouraging patient and family engagement have been implemented in controlled trials. Among 12 identified studies, the authors noted that definitions of patient and family engagement were lacking. They found insufficient high-quality evidence to inform real-world implementation and provided recommendations for further study.
AHRQ-funded; 290200710062I.
Citation: Berger Z, Flickinger TE, Pfoh E .
Promoting engagement by patients and families to reduce adverse events in acute care settings: a systematic review.
BMJ Qual Saf 2014 Jul;23(7):548-55. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2012-001769.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Health Promotion, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient Safety, Prevention
Lavallee DC, Wicks P, Alfonso Cristancho R
Stakeholder engagement in patient-centered outcomes research: high-touch or high-tech?
In this article, the authors compared and contrasted high-tech and high-touch approaches to engaging stakeholders and suggested hybrid processes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135; HS022959.
Citation: Lavallee DC, Wicks P, Alfonso Cristancho R .
Stakeholder engagement in patient-centered outcomes research: high-touch or high-tech?
Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2014 Jun;14(3):335-44. doi: 10.1586/14737167.2014.901890.
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Keywords: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient and Family Engagement
Brach C
AHRQ Author: Brach C
A daughter's frustration with the dearth of patient- and family-centered care.
This article is a first-person account of a hospitalization that describes the lack of patient and family inclusion in decision-making, failure to use plain language and other health literacy strategies, and disregard for patient and family preferences. The author concludes that if the health care system is going to shift from paternalistic to patient- and family-centered, providers must be trained in how to communicate and partner with patients and families. The author references resources to help hospitals make systematic changes to hard wire health literate and patient- and family-centered care.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Brach C .
A daughter's frustration with the dearth of patient- and family-centered care.
Patient Exp J 2014 Apr 1;1(1):43-47.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Decision Making, Health Literacy, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Brach C, Dreyer BP, Schillinger D
AHRQ Author: Brach C
Physicians' roles in creating health literate organizations: a call to action.
Physicians are being called on to deliver patient-centered care, reduce medical errors, and generally increase health care quality and health outcomes, all while containing costs. Fully engaging patients in prevention, decision-making and self-management activities is critical to achieving these aims. The authors of this paper concluded that being health literate must be a new way of delivering care rather than an add-on. For national health literacy goals to be met, health care organizations must ingrain health literacy into their routines.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Brach C, Dreyer BP, Schillinger D .
Physicians' roles in creating health literate organizations: a call to action.
J Gen Intern Med 2014 Feb;29(2):273-5. doi: 10.1007/s11606-013-2619-6.
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Keywords: Healthcare Delivery, Decision Making, Health Literacy, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare
Etchegaray JM, Ottosen MJ, Burress L
Structuring patient and family involvement in medical error event disclosure and analysis.
The researchers conducted a two-phase study to understand whether patients and families who have experienced an adverse event should be involved in the postevent analysis following the disclosure of a medical error. After evaluating the findings, participants concluded that increasing the involvement of patients and their families in the event analysis process was desirable but needed to be structured in a patient-centered way to be successful.
AHRQ-funded; HS019561.
Citation: Etchegaray JM, Ottosen MJ, Burress L .
Structuring patient and family involvement in medical error event disclosure and analysis.
Health Aff 2014 Jan;33(1):46-52. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0831..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Medical Liability, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient Safety