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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 42 of 42 Research Studies DisplayedJalbert JJ, Ritchey ME, Mi X
Methodological considerations in observational comparative effectiveness research for implantable medical devices: an epidemiologic perspective.
This article discusses some of the most salient issues encountered in conducting comparative effectiveness research on implantable devices. Included in this discussion are special methodological considerations regarding the use of data sources, exposure and outcome definitions, timing of exposure, and sources of bias.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050016; HS017731
Citation: Jalbert JJ, Ritchey ME, Mi X .
Methodological considerations in observational comparative effectiveness research for implantable medical devices: an epidemiologic perspective.
Am J Epidemiol. 2014 Nov 1;180(9):949-58. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwu206..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Research Methodologies, Data
Carayon P, Li Y, Kelly MM
Stimulated recall methodology for assessing work system barriers and facilitators in family-centered rounds in a pediatric hospital.
In this study, the researchers implemented and evaluated the use of a stimulated recall methodology for collective confrontation in the context of family-centered rounds (FCRs). They concluded that their study demonstrated the value of the stimulated recall methodology to identify a range of work system factors that either positively or negatively influence family engagement during FCRs.
AHRQ-funded; HS018680.
Citation: Carayon P, Li Y, Kelly MM .
Stimulated recall methodology for assessing work system barriers and facilitators in family-centered rounds in a pediatric hospital.
Appl Ergon 2014 Nov;45(6):1540-6. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2014.05.001..
Keywords: Hospitals, Children/Adolescents, Teams, Research Methodologies
Valdez RS, Guterbock TM, Thompson MJ
Beyond traditional advertisements: leveraging Facebook's social structures for research recruitment.
This study aimed to develop and assess the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of recruiting for research studies related to consumer health information technology (IT) by leveraging the social structures embedded in the social networking platform, Facebook. It demonstrated that leveraging the social structures of Facebook for health-related research was feasible for obtaining small samples appropriate for qualitative research but not for obtaining large samples needed for quantitative research.
AHRQ-funded; HS022930.
Citation: Valdez RS, Guterbock TM, Thompson MJ .
Beyond traditional advertisements: leveraging Facebook's social structures for research recruitment.
J Med Internet Res 2014 Oct 27;16(10):e243. doi: 10.2196/jmir.3786..
Keywords: Health Information Technology (HIT), Social Media, Research Methodologies
Cook EA, Schneider KM, Robinson J
Field methods in medical record abstraction: assessing the properties of comparative effectiveness estimates.
Comparative effectiveness studies using Medicare claims data are vulnerable to treatment selection biases and supplemental data from a sample of patients has been recommended for examining the magnitude of this bias. The investigators collected medical record data from a subsample of patients to assess the validity of assumptions and to aid in the interpretation of our estimates. In this paper, they sought to describe and document the process used to collect and validate this supplemental information.
AHRQ-funded; HS018381.
Citation: Cook EA, Schneider KM, Robinson J .
Field methods in medical record abstraction: assessing the properties of comparative effectiveness estimates.
BMC Health Serv Res 2014 Sep 15;14:391. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-14-391..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Medicare, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies
Jaana M, Vartak S, Ward MM
Evidence-based health care management: what is the research evidence available for health care managers?
The authors conducted a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to determine the availability and accessibility of evidence for health care managers. They found that 96.5% of their search results were not on target, and they suggested a better classification within PubMed to increase the accessibility of meaningful resources and to facilitate evidence retrieval. They recommended that health care journals take initiatives encouraging the publication of reviews in relevant management areas.
AHRQ-funded; HS018396.
Citation: Jaana M, Vartak S, Ward MM .
Evidence-based health care management: what is the research evidence available for health care managers?
Eval Health Prof 2014 Sep;37(3):314-34. doi: 10.1177/0163278713511325.
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Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Health Services Research (HSR), Research Methodologies
Smith SR
AHRQ Author: Smith SR
Preface to the AHRQ supplement.
AHRQ, through its Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions about Effectiveness (DEcIDE) Research Network, sponsored this supplement to present various strategies in the design, analysis, and conduct of health outcomes studies relevant to rare diseases. The purpose of this supplement is to disseminate illustrative examples of research methods that can be applied to understand health outcomes and potentially to stimulate new patient-centered outcomes studies for rare diseases.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Smith SR .
Preface to the AHRQ supplement.
J Gen Intern Med 2014 Aug;29 Suppl 3:S712-3. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-2922-x.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Holzer JK, Ellis L, Merritt MW
Why we need community engagement in medical research.
The aim of this article was to illustrate how community engagement can help to remedy shortfalls of community trust, participant enrollment, and uptake of research findings. After briefly describing these shortfalls, the authors considered 3 case examples that demonstrate the potential of community engagement to address each. They also discussed the ethical importance and implications of demonstrating respect for the community.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Holzer JK, Ellis L, Merritt MW .
Why we need community engagement in medical research.
J Investig Med 2014 Aug;62(6):851-5. doi: 10.1097/jim.0000000000000097..
Keywords: Health Services Research (HSR), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies, Implementation
Garabedian LF, Chu P, Toh S
Potential bias of instrumental variable analyses for observational comparative effectiveness research.
Results of instrumental variable analyses may be biased if the instrument and outcome are related through an unadjusted third variable, an instrument-outcome confounder. The authors review of 187 comparative effectiveness studies using this type of analysis, only 4 considered potential instrument-outcome confounders outside the study data.
AHRQ-funded; 290050016I
Citation: Garabedian LF, Chu P, Toh S .
Potential bias of instrumental variable analyses for observational comparative effectiveness research.
Ann Intern Med. 2014 Jul 15;161(2):131-8. doi: 10.7326/M13-1887..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Research Methodologies
Darney BG, Caughey AB
Elective induction of labor symposium: nomenclature, research methodological issues, and outcomes.
This article focuses on key method issues in studies of elective induction of labor. The authors first identify methodological concerns with the existing literature and discuss each in return. They then review existing evidence about the relationship between elective induction and cesarean delivery.
AHRQ-funded; HS017582
Citation: Darney BG, Caughey AB .
Elective induction of labor symposium: nomenclature, research methodological issues, and outcomes.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2014 Jun;57(2):343-62. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000029..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Outcomes, Labor and Delivery, Women
Keenan GM, Wilkie DJ
Integration of NNN into EHRS: how are we doing?: IJNK virtual issue.
This commentary introduces a virtual edition of IJNK, hosted on the Journal’s website. It includes six articles published in the last 20 years that provide a snapshot of efforts to integrate one or more of the standardized terminologies, NANDA-I, NOC, NIC (NNN), into electronic health records (EHRs).
AHRQ-funded; HS015054.
Citation: Keenan GM, Wilkie DJ .
Integration of NNN into EHRS: how are we doing?: IJNK virtual issue.
Int J Nurs Knowl 2014 Jun;25(2):68-9. doi: 10.1111/2047-3095.12039..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Research Methodologies
Camp KM, Parisi MA, Acosta PB
AHRQ Author: Chang CS
Phenylketonuria Scientific Review Conference: state of the science and future research needs.
An NIH State-of-the-Science Conference was convened in 2012 to address new findings, particularly the use of the medication sapropterin to treat some individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU), and to develop a research agenda. An AHRQ Evidence-based Practice Center conducted a systematic review of adjuvant treatments for PKU and presented its conclusions at the conference. New drugs that are safe, efficacious, and impact a larger proportion of individuals with PKU are needed. The identification of a research agenda has facilitated the development of clinical practice guidelines by professional organizations and serves as a model for other inborn errors of metabolism.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Camp KM, Parisi MA, Acosta PB .
Phenylketonuria Scientific Review Conference: state of the science and future research needs.
Mol Genet Metab 2014 Jun;112(2):87-122. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.02.013.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Medication, Research Methodologies
Cappelleri JC, Lundy JJ, Hays RD
Overview of classical test theory and item response theory for the quantitative assessment of items in developing patient-reported outcomes measures.
This article presents an overview of classical test theory and item response theory in the quantitative assessment of items and scales during the content-validity phase of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measure development. The researchers concluded that depending on the particular type of measure and specific circumstances, either approach or both may be useful to help maximize the content validity of a PRO measure.
AHRQ-funded; HS016980
Citation: Cappelleri JC, Lundy JJ, Hays RD .
Overview of classical test theory and item response theory for the quantitative assessment of items in developing patient-reported outcomes measures.
Clin Ther. 2014 May;36(5):648-662. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.04.006..
Keywords: Outcomes, Research Methodologies
Valencia V, Moghadassi M, Kriesel DR
Study of Tomography Of Nephrolithiasis Evaluation (STONE): methodology, approach and rationale.
This paper describes the rationale and methods of STONE (Study of Tomography Of Nephrolithiasis Evaluation), a pragmatic randomized comparative effectiveness trial comparing different imaging strategies for patients with suspected urolithiasis. It concluded that the detailed methodology of STONE will provide a roadmap for comparative effectiveness studies of diagnostic imaging conducted in an ED setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS019312.
Citation: Valencia V, Moghadassi M, Kriesel DR .
Study of Tomography Of Nephrolithiasis Evaluation (STONE): methodology, approach and rationale.
Contemp Clin Trials 2014 May;38(1):92-101. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2014.03.006..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Imaging, Kidney Disease and Health, Research Methodologies
Tugwell P, Boers M, D'Agostino MA
Updating the OMERACT filter: implications of filter 2.0 to select outcome instruments through assessment of "truth": content, face, and construct validity.
Two discussion groups critically reviewed the variety of ways in which five case studies of current OMERACT Working Groups complied with the ‘Truth’ component of the Filter and what issues remained to be resolved. The case studies showed that there is broad agreement on criteria for meeting the ‘Truth’ criteria through demonstration of content, face and construct validity; however several issues were identified that the Filter Working Group will need to address.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852
Citation: Tugwell P, Boers M, D'Agostino MA .
Updating the OMERACT filter: implications of filter 2.0 to select outcome instruments through assessment of "truth": content, face, and construct validity.
J Rheumatol. 2014 May;41(5):1000-4. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.131310..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Boyd CM, Kent DM
Evidence-based medicine and the hard problem of multimorbidity.
In this article on evidence-based medicine and multimorbidity, the authors discuss the issue and assert that it remains to be determined whether sustained and concentrated attention will permit investigators to address the problem of multimorbidity using the “normal science” available with the tools of EBM, or whether such attention will produce the sort of crisis that is the first prerequisite for a new paradigm.
AHRQ-funded; HS017653; HS018597.
Citation: Boyd CM, Kent DM .
Evidence-based medicine and the hard problem of multimorbidity.
J Gen Intern Med 2014 Apr;29(4):552-3. doi: 10.1007/s11606-013-2658-z..
Keywords: Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies
Buckley DI, Ansari MT, Butler M
AHRQ Author: Chang CS
The refinement of topics for systematic reviews: lessons and recommendations from the Effective Health Care Program.
AHRQ convened a work group to assess approaches and develop recommendations for topic refinement for the Effective Health Care Program. They concluded that accurate, rigorous, and useful systematic reviews require well-refined topics, and the work group's guiding principles and methodological recommendations may help investigators refine topics for reviews.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Buckley DI, Ansari MT, Butler M .
The refinement of topics for systematic reviews: lessons and recommendations from the Effective Health Care Program.
J Clin Epidemiol 2014 Apr;67(4):425-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.10.023.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Lawrence WF
AHRQ Author: Lawrence WF
Comparative effectiveness research in practice and policy for radiation oncology.
In radiation oncology, the line between comparative effectiveness research (CER) and traditional research may be blurred, but an increased emphasis on CER can help to bridge the research enterprise and clinical practice, helping to inform decision making at the patient, clinician, and policy levels.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Lawrence WF .
Comparative effectiveness research in practice and policy for radiation oncology.
Semin Radiat Oncol 2014 Jan;24(1):54-60. doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2013.09.001.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Policy, Research Methodologies