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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 10 of 10 Research Studies DisplayedMcQuillan J, Andersen JA, Berdahl TA
AHRQ Author: Berdahl TA
Associations of rheumatoid arthritis and depressive symptoms over time: are there differences by education, race/ethnicity, and gender?
The objective of this study was to examine associations between changes in Rheumatoid Arthritis symptoms and depressive symptoms and to test if these associations differed by education, or gender, or race/ethnicity. Data was taken from the National Rheumatoid Arthritis Study, 1988-98. The results indicated that people with Rheumatoid Arthritis experienced increases in depressive symptoms as well as pain, functional disability, and household work disability over the study period. There was no difference noted in the rate of change in depressive symptoms by education, gender, nor race/ethnicity, but the association of functional disability with depressive symptoms was stronger for men than women. The researchers concluded that it is important to monitor and treat both mental and physical health symptoms, and that future research should focus on the collection of data that reflects the educational, gender, and racial/ethnic diversity of people with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: McQuillan J, Andersen JA, Berdahl TA .
Associations of rheumatoid arthritis and depressive symptoms over time: are there differences by education, race/ethnicity, and gender?
Arthritis Care Res 2022 Dec;74(12):2050-58. doi: 10.1002/acr.24730..
Keywords: Arthritis, Depression, Behavioral Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Chronic Conditions
Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, de Guerre L
Disparities in 5-year outcomes and imaging surveillance following elective endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm by sex, race, and ethnicity.
The purpose of this study was to identify variations in 5-year outcomes and imaging surveillance after elective endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) by sex, race, and ethnicity and to examine possible mechanisms contributing to these variations. The primary outcome was 5-year aneurysm rupture. Secondary outcomes were 5-year reintervention and mortality, and having no aortic imaging follow-up from 6 to 24 months after EVAR. The study found that among 16,040 patients, 73% were White males, 18% were White females, 2.6% were Black males, 1.1% were Black females, 0.9% were Asian males, 0.2% were Asian females, 1.7% were Hispanic males, and 0.4% were Hispanic females. At 5 years, Black females had the highest rupture rates at 6.4% and white males had the lowest at 2.3%. Compared with White males, rupture rates were higher in White females, Black females, and Asian females. Among other groups, Black males had higher reintervention and both Black and Hispanic males had higher rates of no imaging follow-up. In adjusted analyses, White, Black, and Asian females remained at significantly higher risk for 5-year rupture. The researchers concluded that Black females had higher 5-year aneurysm rupture, reintervention, and mortality rates after elective EVAR as compared with White male patients, whereas White females had higher rupture, mortality and loss-to-imaging-follow-up compared to White male patients. Black males had higher reintervention and no imaging follow-up, and Asian females had higher rupture rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS027285.
Citation: Marcaccio CL, Patel PB, de Guerre L .
Disparities in 5-year outcomes and imaging surveillance following elective endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm by sex, race, and ethnicity.
J Vasc Surg 2022 Nov;76(5):1205-15.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.03.886..
Keywords: Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Sex Factors, Outcomes, Imaging, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions
Marcaccio CL, O'Donnell TFX, Dansey KD
Disparities in reporting and representation by sex, race, and ethnicity in endovascular aortic device trials.
The purpose of this study was to examine the demographics of patients enrolled in critical U.S. endovascular aortic device trials to explore the representation of vulnerable populations, including women and racial and ethnic minorities. The primary outcomes included the percentage of trials reporting participant sex, race, and ethnicity and the percentage of participants across sex, racial, and ethnic groups. The study found that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) provided 29 approvals from 29 trials of 24 devices with a total of 4046 patients: 52% (15) were EVAR devices, 41% (12) were TEVAR devices, and 3.4% (1) was a FEVAR device, with 1 dissection stent (3.4%). Fifty-two percent of the trials reported the three most common racial groups (White, Black, Asian), and 48% reported Hispanic ethnicity. The TEVAR trials were the most likely to report all three racial groups and Hispanic ethnicity (92% and 75%, respectively), while the EVAR trials had the lowest reporting rates (13% and 20%, respectively). The median female enrollment was 21%, with the EVAR trials having the lowest female enrollment compared with 41% in the TEVAR trials, 21% in the FEVAR trial, and 34% in the dissection stent trial. The study concluded that in critical aortic device trials that led to FDA approval, female patients were underrepresented, especially for EVAR, and racial and ethnic minority groups were under-represented and underreported.
AHRQ-funded; HS027285.
Citation: Marcaccio CL, O'Donnell TFX, Dansey KD .
Disparities in reporting and representation by sex, race, and ethnicity in endovascular aortic device trials.
J Vasc Surg 2022 Nov;76(5):1244-52.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.05.003..
Keywords: Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medical Devices, Sex Factors
Rich KM, Zubiago J, Murphy M
The association of gender with receptive and distributive needle sharing among individuals who inject drugs.
The authors sought to assess the relationship between gender and needle sharing with injection drug use. Using data from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) datasets, they found that women were more likely in comparison with men to share needles both through receptive and distributive means. They concluded that expansion of interventions, including syringe service programs, to increase access to sterile injection equipment, is of great importance.
AHRQ-funded; HS026008.
Citation: Rich KM, Zubiago J, Murphy M .
The association of gender with receptive and distributive needle sharing among individuals who inject drugs.
Harm Reduct J 2022 Sep 30;19(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s12954-022-00689-3..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Sex Factors
Windgassen SS, Sutherland S, Finn MTM
Gender differences in the experience of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.
This study assessed gender differences in a debilitating urologic pain condition, interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Findings indicated that women reported greater pain intensity and extent, but not significantly greater impairment from pain. The duration between time of pain symptom onset and time to diagnosis was significantly greater for women than men. Men emphasized needing more physiological treatment options whilst women emphasized needing more social and emotional support. While men reported feeling supported and involved in treatment decisions, women reported feeling dismissed and disbelieved.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Windgassen SS, Sutherland S, Finn MTM .
Gender differences in the experience of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.
Front Pain Res 2022 Aug 11;3:954967. doi: 10.3389/fpain.2022.954967..
Keywords: Pain, Sex Factors, Women
Patel PB, De Guerre L, Marcaccio CL
Sex-specific criteria for repair should be utilized in patients undergoing aortic aneurysm repair.
This study’s goal was determine if identifying inherent anatomic differences between sexes, aortic size index (ASI) and aortic height index (AHI) may provide an additional method for guiding treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery. Females are more likely to undergo repair at smaller aortic diameter compared with male patients. The authors identified all patients who underwent AAA repair between 2003 and 2019 in the Vascular Quality Initiative database. The Dubois and Dubois formula was used to calculate body surface area; aortic diameter was divided by body surface area to calculate ASI, and aortic diameter was divided by height to calculate AHI. They identified 55,647 patients, of whom 12,664 were female (20%). For both types of repairs (intact and rupture), female patients were older, less likely to undergo endovascular aneurysm repair, and more likely to have comorbid conditions. Female patients underwent repair at smaller median aortic diameter compared with male patients for intact (5.4 vs 5.5 cm) and rupture repair (6.7 vs 7.7 cm). When they analyzed the cumulative distribution of rupture repair in male patients, they found that 12% of rupture repairs were performed at an aortic diameter below 5.5 cm, but to achieve the same proportion of rupture repair in female patients, the repair diameter was only 4.9 cm. When both ASI and AHI were used, female and male patients both reached 12% of rupture repair at an ASI of 2.7 cm/m(2) and an AHI of 3.0 cm/m.
AHRQ-funded; HS027285.
Citation: Patel PB, De Guerre L, Marcaccio CL .
Sex-specific criteria for repair should be utilized in patients undergoing aortic aneurysm repair.
J Vasc Surg 2022 Feb; 75(2):515-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.08.060..
Keywords: Sex Factors, Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery
Dakwar E, Levin FR, Olfson M
First treatment contact for ADHD: predictors of and gender differences in treatment seeking.
The investigators aimed to estimate ADHD treatment-seeking probabilities over the lifetime and to identify predictors of treatment seeking for ADHD separately for males and females. They found that a large proportion of persons with ADHD do not seek treatment, and that treatment seeking by males was affected by a greater number of identifiable characteristics, suggesting that males might be more responsive to efforts directed toward expediting treatment entry.
AHRQ-funded; HS016097.
Citation: Dakwar E, Levin FR, Olfson M .
First treatment contact for ADHD: predictors of and gender differences in treatment seeking.
Psychiatr Serv 2014 Dec;65(12):1465-73. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201300298.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Sex Factors, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Duffy RP, Adams JE, Callas PW
The influence of gender on functional outcomes of lower extremity bypass.
The researchers aimed to evaluate the effect of gender on early and late procedural and functional outcomes of lower extremity bypass (LEB). They found that women have complication rates similar to men with inferior early and late functional outcomes after LEB. The reduced patency rates in women with critical limb ischemia did not translate into differences in limb salvage.
AHRQ-funded; HS021581.
Citation: Duffy RP, Adams JE, Callas PW .
The influence of gender on functional outcomes of lower extremity bypass.
J Vasc Surg 2014 Nov;60(5):1282-90, 90.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.05.008.
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Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Outcomes, Sex Factors, Surgery
Strom Williams JL, Lynch CP, Winchester R
Gender differences in composite control of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes.
This study examined the gender differences in multiple cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor control in adults with type 2 diabetes seen in diverse clinical settings. It found that women had significantly poorer composite control of CVD risk outcomes compared with men, adjusting for relevant confounding factors. In unadjusted analyses, women had higher mean systolic blood pressure and LDL cholesterol levels compared with men.
AHRQ-funded; HS011418.
Citation: Strom Williams JL, Lynch CP, Winchester R .
Gender differences in composite control of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Technol Ther 2014 Jul;16(7):421-7. doi: 10.1089/dia.2013.0329..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Diabetes, Outcomes, Sex Factors
Boehme AK, Siegler JE, Mullen MT
Racial and gender differences in stroke severity, outcomes, and treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
This study sought to determine the association of race and gender on initial stroke severity, thrombolysis, and functional outcome after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The investigators concluded that race and gender were not significantly associated with short-term outcome, although black women were significantly less likely to be treated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Black women had more tPA exclusions than any other group. The primary reason for tPA exclusion in this study was not arriving within 3 hours of stroke symptom onset.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Boehme AK, Siegler JE, Mullen MT .
Racial and gender differences in stroke severity, outcomes, and treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2014 Apr;23(4):e255-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.11.003..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Outcomes, Sex Factors, Stroke