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Research Studies is a monthly compilation of research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers and recently published in journals or newsletters.
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1 to 8 of 8 Research Studies DisplayedMalhotra K, Baltrus P P, Zhang S
Geographic and racial variation in asthma prevalence and emergency department use among Medicaid-enrolled children in 14 southern states.
Using 2007 Medicaid claims data from 556 counties in 14 southern states, the researchers described the local area variation in 1-year asthma prevalence rates, emergency department visit rates, and racial disparity rate ratios. They found much local area variation in asthma prevalence and asthma ED visit rates among Medicaid-enrolled children. Between black and white children, more counties had higher prevalence of asthma and higher ED visit rates among blacks.
AHRQ-funded; HS022444; HS019470
Citation: Malhotra K, Baltrus P P, Zhang S .
Geographic and racial variation in asthma prevalence and emergency department use among Medicaid-enrolled children in 14 southern states.
J Asthma. 2014 Nov;51(9):913-21. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2014.930479..
Keywords: Asthma, Medicaid, Social Determinants of Health, Emergency Department, Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
Mohanan S, Tapp H, McWilliams A
Obesity and asthma: pathophysiology and implications for diagnosis and management in primary care.
This review summarizes existing data that support the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and asthma, as well as the current and future state of treatment for the obese patient with asthma. It suggests that evidence of chronic inflammatory response linking obesity and asthma indicates a need to address obesity during asthma management, possibly by using patient-centered approaches such as shared decisionmaking.
AHRQ-funded; HS019946
Citation: Mohanan S, Tapp H, McWilliams A .
Obesity and asthma: pathophysiology and implications for diagnosis and management in primary care.
Exp Biol Med. 2014 Nov;239(11):1531-40. doi: 10.1177/1535370214525302..
Keywords: Obesity, Asthma, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Primary Care, Chronic Conditions
Wu AC, Li L, Fung V
Use of leukotriene receptor antagonists are associated with a similar risk of asthma exacerbations as inhaled corticosteroids.
The researchers compared the effectiveness of different controller medication regimens under real-life conditions. They found that the risk of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and oral corticosteroids did not differ between children who initiated leukotriene antagonist and those who initiated inhaled corticosteroid. These findings may be explainable by leukotriene antagonist having similar effectiveness as inhaled corticosteroid in real-life usage.
AHRQ-funded; HS019669.
Citation: Wu AC, Li L, Fung V .
Use of leukotriene receptor antagonists are associated with a similar risk of asthma exacerbations as inhaled corticosteroids.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2014 Sep-Oct;2(5):607-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2014.05.009..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Medication, Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Risk
Gillette C, Blalock SJ, Rao JK
Provider-caregiver-child discussions about risks associated with asthma control medications: content and prevalence.
The objectives of the study were to: (1) describe the extent to which primary care pediatric providers discuss risks associated with asthma control medications with families and (2) examine the relationship between child, caregiver, provider, and clinic visit characteristics and discussions about risks associated with asthma control medications. It found that providers discussed asthma control medication risks during 23% of visits.
AHRQ-funded; HS020534.
Citation: Gillette C, Blalock SJ, Rao JK .
Provider-caregiver-child discussions about risks associated with asthma control medications: content and prevalence.
Pediatr Pulmonol 2014 Aug;49(8):727-33. doi: 10.1002/ppul.22892..
Keywords: Medication, Asthma, Children/Adolescents, Clinician-Patient Communication, Primary Care
Sarpong EM
The impact of obesity on medication use and expenditures among nonelderly adults with asthma.
The author examined the impact of obesity on medication use and expenditures among nonelderly adults with asthma using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. He found that obese classes II/III individuals were more likely to have current asthma, seek treatment for asthma, use more medications, and have higher medication and health care expenditures compared with normal weight individuals. His results suggested that reduction in body weight may help reduce health resource use and expenditures for nonelderly adults with asthma.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Sarpong EM .
The impact of obesity on medication use and expenditures among nonelderly adults with asthma.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2014 Aug;25(3):1245-61. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2014.0142.
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Keywords: Asthma, Healthcare Costs, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Medication, Obesity
Fung V, Graetz I, Galbraith A
Financial barriers to care among low-income children with asthma: health care reform implications.
This study examined the associations between cost-sharing, income, and care seeking and financial stress among children with asthma. It found that cost-related barriers to care among children with asthma were concentrated among low-income families with higher cost-sharing levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS019669
Citation: Fung V, Graetz I, Galbraith A .
Financial barriers to care among low-income children with asthma: health care reform implications.
JAMA Pediatr. 2014 Jul;168(7):649-56. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.79..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Low-Income, Access to Care, Healthcare Costs
Jackson DJ, Hartert TV, Martinez FD
Asthma: NHLBI workshop on the primary prevention of chronic lung diseases.
This article reports on the state of primary prevention research in asthma, with emphasis on specific recommendations for research priorities and interventions that could be undertaken now. The emphasis of this work was on prevention of disease onset, and because the majority of asthma begins during preschool years, this document focuses on childhood asthma.
AHRQ-funded; HS018454, HS022093
Citation: Jackson DJ, Hartert TV, Martinez FD .
Asthma: NHLBI workshop on the primary prevention of chronic lung diseases.
Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2014 Apr;11 Suppl 3:S139-45. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201312-448LD..
Keywords: Asthma, Prevention, Children/Adolescents, Chronic Conditions
Li L, Vollmer WM, Butler MG
A comparison of confounding adjustment methods for assessment of asthma controller medication effectiveness.
Using three confounding adjustment procedures—covariate-adjusted regression, propensity score regression, and high-dimemsional propensity score regression—on a population of 24,680 children with asthma, researchers found that patients treated with leukotriene antagonists were no more likely than those treated with inhaled corticosteroids to experience adverse outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS019669
Citation: Li L, Vollmer WM, Butler MG .
A comparison of confounding adjustment methods for assessment of asthma controller medication effectiveness.
Am J Epidemiol. 2014 Mar 1;179(5):648-59. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwt323..
Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Medication
