National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Adverse Events (2)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (2)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (1)
- Autism (1)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Breast Feeding (1)
- Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
- Caregiving (1)
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (2)
- Children/Adolescents (3)
- Chronic Conditions (1)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (3)
- Communication (5)
- Cultural Competence (2)
- Decision Making (5)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (2)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Digestive Disease and Health (1)
- (-) Education: Patient and Caregiver (41)
- Elderly (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (3)
- Guidelines (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
- Healthcare Costs (2)
- Healthcare Utilization (1)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (4)
- Health Insurance (2)
- Health Literacy (4)
- Health Promotion (1)
- Heart Disease and Health (1)
- Hospital Discharge (1)
- Hospital Readmissions (1)
- Hospitals (2)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (2)
- Implementation (1)
- Infectious Diseases (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (2)
- Long-Term Care (1)
- Low-Income (3)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Medication (4)
- Medication: Safety (1)
- Newborns/Infants (1)
- Nursing Homes (3)
- Nutrition (1)
- Osteoporosis (2)
- Outcomes (1)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (2)
- Patient and Family Engagement (4)
- Patient Experience (3)
- Patient Safety (3)
- Patient Self-Management (2)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Prevention (3)
- Primary Care (1)
- Public Reporting (1)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (1)
- Quality of Care (2)
- Quality of Life (1)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (6)
- Risk (1)
- Screening (1)
- Skin Conditions (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (3)
- Social Media (1)
- Telehealth (1)
- Transitions of Care (1)
- Uninsured (1)
- Urban Health (1)
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (1)
- Vaccination (1)
- Vulnerable Populations (1)
- Web-Based (7)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 41 Research Studies DisplayedBjarnadottir RI, Millery M, Fleck E
Correlates of online health information-seeking behaviors in a low-income Hispanic community.
The authors explored the correlates of online health information-seeking behaviors among Hispanic residents of a low-income urban neighborhood. They found that age and Spanish as preferred language were negatively associated with online health information-seeking, whereas education and health literacy were positively associated. They concluded that their findings have implications for designing online health information resources and interventions appropriate for the populations they are likely to reach.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853.
Citation: Bjarnadottir RI, Millery M, Fleck E .
Correlates of online health information-seeking behaviors in a low-income Hispanic community.
Inform Health Soc Care 2016 Dec;41(4):341-9. doi: 10.3109/17538157.2015.1064429.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Low-Income, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Urban Health, Web-Based
Furtado KS, Kaphingst KA, Perkins H
Health insurance information-seeking behaviors among the uninsured.
In order to better understand how to reach the uninsured and support their health insurance decision making, this study examined where the uninsured collect information about health insurance and the extent to which they trust those sources and media. Its findings suggest that strategies that pair health care professionals, lay health advisors, or community liaisons with the ubiquity of the Internet may be a strong approach for delivering quality health insurance information to the uninsured.
AHRQ-funded; HS020309.
Citation: Furtado KS, Kaphingst KA, Perkins H .
Health insurance information-seeking behaviors among the uninsured.
J Health Commun 2016;21(2):148-58. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1039678.
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Keywords: Uninsured, Health Insurance, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Web-Based
Hopkins AL, Moore-Monroy M, Wilkinson-Lee AM
It's complicated: negotiating between traditional research and community-based participatory research in a translational study.
The authors focused on the challenges, solutions, and lessons learned in applying the Interactive Systems Framework (ISF) to their translational research project. They identified challenges in the areas of research design, and in the ISF systems of prevention synthesis and translation, prevention support, and prevention delivery. They negotiated solutions between the scientific and local community that resulted in acceptable compromises for both groups. They concluded that although the model presented by the ISF is difficult to achieve, they offered concrete solutions to community members and scientists to move toward that ideal.
AHRQ-funded; HS022016.
Citation: Hopkins AL, Moore-Monroy M, Wilkinson-Lee AM .
It's complicated: negotiating between traditional research and community-based participatory research in a translational study.
Prog Community Health Partnersh 2016;10(3):425-33. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2016.0049.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Depression, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Implementation
Cram P, Wolinsky FD, Lou Y
Patient-activation and guideline-concordant pharmacological treatment after bone density testing: the PAADRN randomized controlled trial.
In a clinical trial of 7749 patients, the researchers tested whether usual care augmented by a tailored patient-activation DXA result letter accompanied by an educational brochure would improve guideline-concordant pharmacological treatment compared to usual care only. They found that treatment rates did not improve.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Cram P, Wolinsky FD, Lou Y .
Patient-activation and guideline-concordant pharmacological treatment after bone density testing: the PAADRN randomized controlled trial.
Osteoporos Int 2016 Dec;27(12):3513-24. doi: 10.1007/s00198-016-3681-9.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Guidelines, Medication, Osteoporosis, Patient and Family Engagement
Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review describes studies evaluating patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening in average-risk adults and their impact on knowledge, screening intentions, and uptake. It concluded that decision aids improve knowledge and interest in screening, and lead to increased screening over no information, but their impact on screening is similar to general colorectal cancer screening information.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Volk RJ, Linder SK, Lopez-Olivo MA .
Patient decision aids for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Am J Prev Med 2016 Nov;51(5):779-91. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.06.022.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Healthcare Utilization, Screening
Mathur MB, Gould M, Khazeni N
Direct-to-consumer drug advertisements can paradoxically increase intentions to adopt lifestyle changes.
The researchers aimed to assess whether priming with real direct-to-consumer (DTC) television advertisements elicited boomerang effects on perceptions of lifestyle change and whether these effects, if present, were moderated by individual problem status. They found that real television advertisements elicited only a weak boomerang effect on perceived effectiveness and elicited an unexpected reverse boomerang effect on personal intentions to use lifestyle change versus drugs.
AHRQ-funded; HS019816.
Citation: Mathur MB, Gould M, Khazeni N .
Direct-to-consumer drug advertisements can paradoxically increase intentions to adopt lifestyle changes.
Front Psychol 2016 Oct 3;7:1533. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01533.
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Keywords: Medication, Lifestyle Changes, Lifestyle Changes, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Kantor R, Thyssen JP, Paller AS
Atopic dermatitis, atopic eczema, or eczema? A systematic review, meta-analysis, and recommendation for uniform use of 'atopic dermatitis'.
The authors sought to determine the most commonly-used terms for atopic dermatitis. They found that atopic dermatitis was the most commonly-used term in studies across almost all publication types, languages, and journals and appears to be increasing in popularity. They concluded by suggesting the use of the term atopic dermatitis in publications, healthcare clinician training, and patient education.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Kantor R, Thyssen JP, Paller AS .
Atopic dermatitis, atopic eczema, or eczema? A systematic review, meta-analysis, and recommendation for uniform use of 'atopic dermatitis'.
Allergy 2016 Oct;71(10):1480-5. doi: 10.1111/all.12982.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Clinician-Patient Communication, Skin Conditions
Krouss M, Croft L, Morgan DJ
Physician understanding and ability to communicate harms and benefits of common medical treatments.
The researchers evaluated physician understanding of harms and benefits of common tests and therapies. They found that most clinicians overestimate harms and benefits for most treatments. Likewise, most of the clinicians in our study reported rarely or never using statistical terms to explain treatment options to patients. However, they were interested in resources to improve understanding of treatment effect size.
AHRQ-funded; HS018111.
Citation: Krouss M, Croft L, Morgan DJ .
Physician understanding and ability to communicate harms and benefits of common medical treatments.
JAMA Intern Med 2016 Oct;176(10):1565-67. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.5027.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Patient Safety, Clinician-Patient Communication
Burca ND, Gephart SM
Promoting breast milk nutrition in infants with cleft lip and/or palate.
The purpose of this article was to present (1) scientific evidence that supports clinical feeding practices for the infant with cleft lip/palate (CL/P) and (2) teaching strategies for staff and parents. Special considerations for feeding infants with CL/P include assessing the infant's sucking ability, demonstrating proper breastfeeding positioning, supporting mothers to establish and maintain their milk supply, considering adaptive feeding equipment (ie, specialized bottles and nipples), and education about the benefits of human milk.
AHRQ-funded; HS022908.
Citation: Burca ND, Gephart SM .
Promoting breast milk nutrition in infants with cleft lip and/or palate.
Adv Neonatal Care 2016 Oct;16(5):337-44. doi: 10.1097/anc.0000000000000305..
Keywords: Breast Feeding, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Houser SH, Au DW, Miller MJ
Socio-demographic differences in risk information seeking sources for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).
The authors examined the primary sources of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) risk information and the associations with patient socio-demographic factors. They found that the primary patient source of information on NSAID risks was physician, followed by internet, pharmacist, and other sources, such as nurses and family/friends. They concluded that patients obtain information from a variety of sources, but primarily from health care providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS021110.
Citation: Houser SH, Au DW, Miller MJ .
Socio-demographic differences in risk information seeking sources for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).
Int J Med Inform 2016 Oct;94:222-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.07.017.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Medication, Social Determinants of Health
Denman DC, Baldwin AS, Marks EG
Modification and validation of the Treatment Self Regulation Questionnaire to assess parental motivation for HPV vaccination of adolescents.
The researchers investigated measures of motivation for HPV vaccination using confirmatory factor analysis to test a three-factor measurement model. Their findings support the use of three subscales to measure motivation in HPV vaccination and suggest possible cultural differences in motivation.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Denman DC, Baldwin AS, Marks EG .
Modification and validation of the Treatment Self Regulation Questionnaire to assess parental motivation for HPV vaccination of adolescents.
Vaccine 2016 Sep 22;34(41):4985-90. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.037.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Infectious Diseases, Patient and Family Engagement, Vaccination
Breitenstein SM, Schoeny M, Risser H
A study protocol testing the implementation, efficacy, and cost effectiveness of the ezParent program in pediatric primary care.
The purpose of this paper is to describe the study protocol evaluating the implementation, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of implementing the tablet-based ezParent program in pediatric primary care settings. Data on parenting and child behavior outcomes will be obtained at baseline, and at 3, 6, and 12 months post baseline. The authors suggest that the implementation of the ezParent is an innovative opportunity to promote positive parenting with potential for universal access to the preschool population and for low cost by building on existing infrastructure in pediatric primary care settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS024273.
Citation: Breitenstein SM, Schoeny M, Risser H .
A study protocol testing the implementation, efficacy, and cost effectiveness of the ezParent program in pediatric primary care.
Contemp Clin Trials 2016 Sep;50:229-37. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.08.017.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Costs, Primary Care, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Caregiving
Curtis LM, Mullen RJ, Russell A
An efficacy trial of an electronic health record-based strategy to inform patients on safe medication use: the role of written and spoken communication.
The researchers tested the feasibility and efficacy of an electronic health record (EHR) strategy that automated the delivery of print medication information at the time of prescribing. They found that written information and physician counseling were independently associated with patient understanding of risk information and that receiving both was most beneficial. They concluded that although an EHR can be a reliable means to deliver tangible, print medication education to patients, it cannot replace physician-patient communication, and that offering both written and spoken information resulted in a synergistic effect for informing patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS017220.
Citation: Curtis LM, Mullen RJ, Russell A .
An efficacy trial of an electronic health record-based strategy to inform patients on safe medication use: the role of written and spoken communication.
Patient Educ Couns 2016 Sep;99(9):1489-95. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.07.004.
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Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Medication: Safety, Medication
Bush RA, Stahmer AC, Connelly CD
Exploring perceptions and use of the electronic health record by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: a qualitative study.
This study used structured interviews with nine parents to examine perceptions of electronic health records and related patient portals in the treatment of their children. The authors recommend further research to increase portal registration and integration in patient care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022404.
Citation: Bush RA, Stahmer AC, Connelly CD .
Exploring perceptions and use of the electronic health record by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder: a qualitative study.
Health Informatics J 2016 Sep;22(3):702-11. doi: 10.1177/1460458215581911.
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Keywords: Autism, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Web-Based, Patient Experience, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Mayberry LS, Harper KJ, Osborn CY
Family behaviors and type 2 diabetes: what to target and how to address in interventions for adults with low socioeconomic status.
The researchers studied adults with type 2 diabetes at a Federally Qualified Health Center to better understand experiences with diabetes-specific family behaviors and willingness to engage family members in diabetes interventions. They found that some participants (40 percent) said engaging family in interventions would positively affect all members; others (27 percent) did not want to involve family.
AHRQ-funded; HS022990.
Citation: Mayberry LS, Harper KJ, Osborn CY .
Family behaviors and type 2 diabetes: what to target and how to address in interventions for adults with low socioeconomic status.
Chronic Illn 2016 Sep;12(3):199-215. doi: 10.1177/1742395316644303.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Patient Self-Management, Social Determinants of Health, Lifestyle Changes, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Edmonds SW, Cram P, Lou Y
Effects of a DXA result letter on satisfaction, quality of life, and osteoporosis knowledge: a randomized controlled trial.
This study tested whether a tailored dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) test result letter and an accompanying educational bone-health brochure affected patient satisfaction, quality of life (QOL), or osteoporosis (OP) knowledge. It found that a tailored DXA result letter and bone-health educational brochure sent to patients improved patient satisfaction with bone-related health care. There were no differences between the intervention and usual care groups in QOL or OP knowledge.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Edmonds SW, Cram P, Lou Y .
Effects of a DXA result letter on satisfaction, quality of life, and osteoporosis knowledge: a randomized controlled trial.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016 Aug 26;17(1):369. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-1227-0.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Osteoporosis, Patient Experience, Quality of Life
Menefee HK, Thompson MJ, Guterbock TM
Mechanisms of communicating health information through Facebook: implications for consumer health information technology design.
The authors aimed to characterize patients' use of communication mechanisms within Facebook for health information communication to provide insight into how consumer HIT solutions may be better designed to meet patients' communication needs and preferences. They found that participants consider multiple factors, including what information they intended to share, what they were trying to accomplish, attributes of technology, and attributes and communication practices of their social networks.
AHRQ-funded; HS022930.
Citation: Menefee HK, Thompson MJ, Guterbock TM .
Mechanisms of communicating health information through Facebook: implications for consumer health information technology design.
J Med Internet Res 2016 Aug 11;18(8):e218. doi: 10.2196/jmir.5949.
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Keywords: Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Information Technology (HIT), Social Media, Web-Based
Perez SL, Kravitz RL, Bell RA
Characterizing internet health information seeking strategies by socioeconomic status: a mixed methods approach.
The authors investigated how the Internet is used to obtain health-related information and how individuals with differing socioeconomic resources navigate it when presented with a health decision. Their findings suggest that individuals with different levels of socioeconomic status vary in the heuristics and search patterns they rely upon to direct their searches and that the influence and use of credible information in the process of making a decision is associated with education and prior experiences with healthcare services.
AHRQ-funded; HS022236.
Citation: Perez SL, Kravitz RL, Bell RA .
Characterizing internet health information seeking strategies by socioeconomic status: a mixed methods approach.
BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2016 Aug 9;16:107. doi: 10.1186/s12911-016-0344-x.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Information Technology (HIT), Social Determinants of Health, Web-Based
McGarry BE, Temkin-Greener H, Chapman BP
The impact of consumer numeracy on the purchase of long-term care insurance.
The researchers sought to determine the effect of consumers' numeric abilities on the likelihood of owning private long-term care insurance (LTCI). Using the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Study, they found that each additional correct answer on a numeracy scale was associated with a 13% increase in the likelihood of holding LTCI. They recommended that policy efforts aimed at increasing consumer decision support or restructuring the marketplace for long-term care insurance may be needed to increase older adults' ability to prepare for future long-term care expenses.
AHRQ-funded; HS023714.
Citation: McGarry BE, Temkin-Greener H, Chapman BP .
The impact of consumer numeracy on the purchase of long-term care insurance.
Health Serv Res 2016 Aug;51(4):1612-31. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12439.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance, Long-Term Care
Jones CE, Hollis RH, Wahl TS
Transitional care interventions and hospital readmissions in surgical populations: a systematic review.
The researchers performed a systematic review of transitional care interventions and their effect on hospital readmissions after surgery. Discharge planning programs reduced readmissions by 11.5 percent , 12.5 percent, and 23 percent . Patient education interventions reduced readmissions by 14 percent and 23.5 percent . Primary care follow-up reduced readmissions by 8.3 percent for patients after high-risk surgeries . Home visits reduced readmissions by 7.7 percent and 4 percent, respectively.
AHRQ-funded; HS013852.
Citation: Jones CE, Hollis RH, Wahl TS .
Transitional care interventions and hospital readmissions in surgical populations: a systematic review.
Am J Surg 2016 Aug;212(2):327-35. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.04.004.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Hospital Discharge, Hospital Readmissions, Transitions of Care
Keller SC, Gurses AP, Abaje AI
Learning from the patient: Human factors engineering in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy.
When used in hospital settings, many of the complex devices adapted for use in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) can lead to errors that may lead to patient harm. To reduce complications from OPAT in the home, such as catheter-associated venous thromboembolism, adverse drug events, or other side effects of OPAT, the authors argue that we need to understand how OPAT is performed by patients and their caregivers and the ways in which human factors engineering can contribute to their reduction.
AHRQ-funded; HS022916.
Citation: Keller SC, Gurses AP, Abaje AI .
Learning from the patient: Human factors engineering in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy.
Am J Infect Control 2016 Jul;44(7):758-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.01.010.
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Keywords: Adverse Events, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Patient Safety
Radovic A, Vona PL, Santostefano AM
Smartphone applications for mental health.
This study seeks to characterize apps readily available to smartphone users seeking mental health information and/or support. The most common purported purpose for the 208 apps studied was symptom relief (41 percent) and general mental health education (18 percent). The most frequently mentioned approaches to improving mental health were those that may benefit only milder symptoms such as relaxation (21 percent).
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Radovic A, Vona PL, Santostefano AM .
Smartphone applications for mental health.
Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw 2016 Jul;19(7):465-70. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2015.0619.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Telehealth, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Children/Adolescents, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Kenzik KM, Kvale EA, Rocque GB
Treatment summaries and follow-up care instructions for cancer survivors: improving survivor self-efficacy and health care utilization.
The researchers examined the association of receiving summaries and care plans with cancer survivor self-efficacy for chronic illness management. They found that explanation of the follow-up care plan, beyond the written component, enhances survivor self-efficacy for managing cancer as a chronic condition-an important mediator for improving health care utilization outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Kenzik KM, Kvale EA, Rocque GB .
Treatment summaries and follow-up care instructions for cancer survivors: improving survivor self-efficacy and health care utilization.
Oncologist 2016 Jul;21(7):817-24. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0517.
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Keywords: Cancer, Chronic Conditions, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Elderly, Patient Self-Management
Hultman G, Marquard J, Arsoniadis E
Usability testing of two ambulatory EHR navigators.
Researchers sought to understand if redesigning an EHR-based navigation tool with clinician input improved user performance and satisfaction. A usability evaluation was conducted to compare two versions of a redesigned ambulatory navigator. The version of navigator did not affect perceived workload, and time to complete tasks was longer in the redesigned navigator. Preferences for EHR navigation structures appeared to be individualized.
AHRQ-funded; HS022085.
Citation: Hultman G, Marquard J, Arsoniadis E .
Usability testing of two ambulatory EHR navigators.
Appl Clin Inform 2016 Jun 15;7(2):502-15. doi: 10.4338/aci-2015-10-ra-0129.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Patient Experience
Longo DR, Crabtree BF, Pellerano MB
A qualitative study of vulnerable patient views of type 2 diabetes consumer reports.
This study aims to identify whether vulnerable populations with type 2 diabetes perceive consumer reports as helpful in making decisions about diabetes care. It found that participants in 18 focus groups expressed minimal interest in currently available consumer reports. They instead listed personal referrals and interpersonal interactions among the most important factors when choosing a physician.
AHRQ-funded; HS021902.
Citation: Longo DR, Crabtree BF, Pellerano MB .
A qualitative study of vulnerable patient views of type 2 diabetes consumer reports.
Patient 2016 Jun;9(3):231-40. doi: 10.1007/s40271-015-0146-8..
Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Decision Making, Diabetes, Quality of Care, Vulnerable Populations