National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (1)
- Alcohol Use (1)
- Cancer (5)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (1)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (1)
- Children/Adolescents (3)
- Chronic Conditions (3)
- Comparative Effectiveness (1)
- Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (1)
- Depression (1)
- Diabetes (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (1)
- Disabilities (1)
- Disparities (1)
- Elderly (7)
- Healthcare Costs (3)
- Health Insurance (1)
- Health Promotion (2)
- (-) Health Status (24)
- Kidney Disease and Health (1)
- Low-Income (3)
- Medicaid (2)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (3)
- Medicare (1)
- Men's Health (1)
- Newborns/Infants (2)
- Obesity (1)
- Outcomes (4)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (1)
- Patient Self-Management (1)
- Policy (1)
- Pregnancy (1)
- Public Health (1)
- Quality Improvement (1)
- Quality of Life (7)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (2)
- Research Methodologies (1)
- Risk (1)
- Screening (2)
- Sickle Cell Disease (1)
- Skin Conditions (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (6)
- Stress (1)
- Substance Abuse (1)
- Women (2)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 24 of 24 Research Studies DisplayedMcDonald ML, Huang A, Proudfoot JA
Association of obesity, BMI, and Hispanic ethnicity on ambulatory status in children with spinal dysraphism followed near the California-Mexico border.
This study evaluated the relationship between body mass index (BMI), overweight status (OW), or obesity (OB) and ambulatory status in a predominantly Hispanic population of children with spinal dysraphism (SD). It found that,despite no difference in ambulatory status, increasing BMI and OW / OB are associated with Hispanic ethnicity and increasing age.
AHRQ-funded; HS022404.
Citation: McDonald ML, Huang A, Proudfoot JA .
Association of obesity, BMI, and Hispanic ethnicity on ambulatory status in children with spinal dysraphism followed near the California-Mexico border.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2016;27(4):1956-69. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2016.0173.
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Keywords: Obesity, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Children/Adolescents, Health Status
Kenzik KM, Kent EE, Martin MY
Chronic condition clusters and functional impairment in older cancer survivors: a population-based study.
The purpose of this study was to identify chronic condition clusters at pre- and post-cancer diagnosis, evaluate predictors of developing clusters post-cancer, and examine the impact on functional impairment among older cancer survivors. It found that distinct condition clusters of two or more chronic conditions are prevalent among older cancer survivors. Cluster prevalence increases from pre- to post-cancer diagnosis.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009; HS013852.
Citation: Kenzik KM, Kent EE, Martin MY .
Chronic condition clusters and functional impairment in older cancer survivors: a population-based study.
J Cancer Surviv 2016 Dec;10(6):1096-103. doi: 10.1007/s11764-016-0553-4.
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Keywords: Chronic Conditions, Cancer, Elderly, Research Methodologies, Health Status
Arora A, Spatz E, Herrin J
Population well-being measures help explain geographic disparities in life expectancy at the county level.
This study investigated whether population well-being - a comprehensive measure of physical, mental, and social health - helps explain geographic variation in life expectancy. At the county level, it found that for every 1-standard-deviation (4.2-point) increase in the well-being score, life expectancy was 1.9 years higher for females and 2.6 years higher for males.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Arora A, Spatz E, Herrin J .
Population well-being measures help explain geographic disparities in life expectancy at the county level.
Health Aff 2016 Nov 01;35(11):2075-82. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2016.0715.
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Keywords: Disparities, Health Status, Low-Income, Social Determinants of Health
Goodwin JS, Sheffield K, Li S
Receipt of cancer screening is a predictor of life expectancy.
The researchers sought to determine the association between receipt of screening mammography or PSA and overall survival. They found that the subjects with prior cancer screening had actual median survivals higher than those who were not screened, with differences ranging from 1.7 to 2.1 years for women and 0.9 to 1.1 years for men.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Goodwin JS, Sheffield K, Li S .
Receipt of cancer screening is a predictor of life expectancy.
J Gen Intern Med 2016 Nov;31(11):1308-14. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3787-y.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Screening, Women, Men's Health, Health Status
Hanmer J, Hess R, Sullivan S
Benchmarking health-related quality-of-life data from a clinical setting.
This paper's objective was to construct a nationally representative health-related quality of life (HRQoL) benchmark for use with a clinical sample. The results showed that HRQoL benchmarks can be created from current public datasets, and subgroups in national samples may provide more valid benchmarks for clinical populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Hanmer J, Hess R, Sullivan S .
Benchmarking health-related quality-of-life data from a clinical setting.
Am J Manag Care 2016 Oct;22(10):669-75.
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Keywords: Health Status, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Quality of Life
Kirby JS, Sisic M, Tan J
Exploring coping strategies for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.
The authors explored the coping strategies of individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). They found that negative coping included behavioral disengagement and social isolation, while positive coping included use of humor and positive reframing as well as the support of others.
AHRQ-funded; HS024585.
Citation: Kirby JS, Sisic M, Tan J .
Exploring coping strategies for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.
JAMA Dermatol 2016 Oct;152(10):1166-67. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.1942.
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Keywords: Health Status, Quality of Life, Patient Self-Management, Skin Conditions
Barile JP, Horner-Johnson W, Krahn G
Measurement characteristics for two health-related quality of life measures in older adults: the SF-36 and the CDC Healthy Days items.
This study assessed the extent to which the SF-36 and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Healthy Days items measure the same aspects of health. It found that the CDC Healthy Days items measure similar domains as the SF-36 but appear to assess health-related quality of life without regard to limitations in functioning.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Barile JP, Horner-Johnson W, Krahn G .
Measurement characteristics for two health-related quality of life measures in older adults: the SF-36 and the CDC Healthy Days items.
Disabil Health J 2016 Oct;9(4):567-74. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2016.04.008.
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Keywords: Disabilities, Elderly, Health Status, Quality of Life
Hinton CF, Homer CJ, Thompson AA
AHRQ Author: Dougherty D
A framework for assessing outcomes from newborn screening: on the road to measuring its promise.
The researchers proposed a framework for assessing outcomes for the health and well-being of children identified through newborn screening programs. As an example, they applied the framework to sickle cell disease and phenylketonuria, two diverse conditions with different outcome measures and potential sources of data. They concluded that their paper presented a customizable outcomes framework for organizing measures for newborn screening condition-specific health outcomes, and an approach to identifying sources and challenges to populating those measures.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Hinton CF, Homer CJ, Thompson AA .
A framework for assessing outcomes from newborn screening: on the road to measuring its promise.
Mol Genet Metab 2016 Aug;118(4):221-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.05.017.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Status, Newborns/Infants, Screening, Sickle Cell Disease
Steve SL, Tung EL, Schlichtman JJ
Social disorder in adults with type 2 diabetes: building on race, place, and poverty.
The authors reported on their narrative review of the literature that explores the associations between social disorder and diabetes-related health outcomes within vulnerable communities. They also proposed a multilevel ecosocial model for conceptualizing social disorder, specifically focusing on its role in racial disparities and its pathways to mediating diabetes outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000078.
Citation: Steve SL, Tung EL, Schlichtman JJ .
Social disorder in adults with type 2 diabetes: building on race, place, and poverty.
Curr Diab Rep 2016 Aug;16(8):72. doi: 10.1007/s11892-016-0760-4.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Low-Income, Health Status, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health
Wang SY, Hsu SH, Gross CP
Association between time since cancer diagnosis and health-related quality of life: a population-level analysis.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between time since cancer diagnosis and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cancer survivors in remission. The researchers found that most cancer survivors did not experience poorer mental health, but that survivors of prostate or cervical cancer had lower mental component summary scores after 10 years of diagnosis. They concluded that the level of HRQOL among cancer survivors depends on time since cancer diagnosis and cancer type.
AHRQ-funded; HS023900.
Citation: Wang SY, Hsu SH, Gross CP .
Association between time since cancer diagnosis and health-related quality of life: a population-level analysis.
Value Health 2016 Jul-Aug;19(5):631-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2016.02.010.
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Keywords: Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Health Status, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life
Jacobs PD, Duchovny N, Lipton BJ
AHRQ Author: Jacobs PD
Changes in health status and care use after ACA expansions among the insured and uninsured.
The authors investigated average health status and use of health care following the Affordable Care Act's insurance expansion provisions in 2014, finding that Medicaid enrollees and the uninsured were both healthier in 2014 than those respective groups were in 2013, but that those with individual private insurance coverage appeared less healthy as a group.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Jacobs PD, Duchovny N, Lipton BJ .
Changes in health status and care use after ACA expansions among the insured and uninsured.
Health Aff 2016 Jul;35(7):1184-8. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.1539.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Health Insurance, Policy, Health Status, Medicaid
Koroukian SM, Schiltz N, Warner DF
Combinations of chronic conditions, functional limitations, and geriatric syndromes that predict health outcomes.
The researchers aimed to identify combinations of chronic conditions, functional limitations, and geriatric syndromes that predict poor health outcomes. They found that functional limitations and/or geriatric syndromes were the most prominent conditions in predicting health outcomes. They concluded that accounting for chronic conditions alone may be less informative than also accounting for the co-occurrence of functional limitations and geriatric syndromes, as the latter conditions appear to drive health outcomes in older individuals.
AHRQ-funded; HS023113.
Citation: Koroukian SM, Schiltz N, Warner DF .
Combinations of chronic conditions, functional limitations, and geriatric syndromes that predict health outcomes.
J Gen Intern Med 2016 Jun;31(6):630-7. doi: 10.1007/s11606-016-3590-9.
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Keywords: Elderly, Chronic Conditions, Risk, Outcomes, Health Status
Gaugler JE
Driving and other important activities in older adulthood.
In this editorial, the author introduced the June 2016 issue by discussing driving as a key indicator of independence. He continued by discussing related articles that appear in this issue along with articles covering other potentially health-promoting activities enjoyed by older persons.
AHRQ-funded; HS022836.
Citation: Gaugler JE .
Driving and other important activities in older adulthood.
J Appl Gerontol 2016 Jun;35(6):579-82. doi: 10.1177/0733464816647560.
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Keywords: Elderly, Health Promotion, Health Status, Quality of Life
Kaplan RM, Milstein A
AHRQ Author: Kaplan RM
Financial strain and cancer outcomes.
This editorial discusses an article by Lathan et al. in the same issue that documents the strong associations between socioeconomic status and longevity. The editorial argues that many of the variables in that article are measured with error and, as a result, the multivariable analysis resulted in only partial adjustment. Two variables of particular importance, education and ethnicity, are discussed.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Kaplan RM, Milstein A .
Financial strain and cancer outcomes.
J Clin Oncol 2016 May 20;34(15):1711-2. doi: 10.1200/jco.2016.66.8079.
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Keywords: Cancer, Health Status, Healthcare Costs, Low-Income, Outcomes, Social Determinants of Health, Stress
Sanses TV, Schiltz NK, Couri BM
Functional status in older women diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse.
The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of functional limitations based on health status in older women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). They found that the prevalence of functional limitations was 76.2% in strength, 44.9% in upper and 65.8% in lower body mobility. They further discovered that the odds of all functional limitations increased significantly with advancing age.
AHRQ-funded; HS023113.
Citation: Sanses TV, Schiltz NK, Couri BM .
Functional status in older women diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016 May;214(5):613.e1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.11.038.
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Keywords: Elderly, Health Status, Women
Bradley EH, Canavan M, Rogan E
Variation in health outcomes: the role of spending on social services, public health, and health care, 2000-09.
This study found that states with a higher ratio of social to health spending (calculated as the sum of social service spending and public health spending divided by the sum of Medicare spending and Medicaid spending) had significantly better subsequent health outcomes for the following seven measures: adult obesity; asthma; mentally unhealthy days; days with activity limitations; and mortality rates for lung cancer, acute myocardial infarction, and type 2 diabetes.
AHRQ-funded; HS017589.
Citation: Bradley EH, Canavan M, Rogan E .
Variation in health outcomes: the role of spending on social services, public health, and health care, 2000-09.
Health Aff 2016 May;35(5):760-8. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2015.0814.
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Keywords: Outcomes, Social Determinants of Health, Healthcare Costs, Health Status, Public Health
Chavez LJ, Bradley K, Tefft N
Preference weights for the spectrum of alcohol use in the U.S. population.
One barrier to research has been the lack of preference weights needed to calculate Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs). Preference weights can be estimated from measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The objective of this study was to describe preference weights for the full spectrum of alcohol use. It concluded that self-reported alcohol consumption may not be associated with preference weights.
AHRQ-funded; HS022800.
Citation: Chavez LJ, Bradley K, Tefft N .
Preference weights for the spectrum of alcohol use in the U.S. population.
Drug Alcohol Depend 2016 Apr 1;161:206-13. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.02.004.
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Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Alcohol Use, Substance Abuse, Health Status
Nikolich-Zugich J, Goldman DP, Cohen PR
Preparing for an aging world: engaging biogerontologists, geriatricians, and the society.
This perspective article summarizes a workshop discussion in Tucson in April, 2014, on biomedical approaches to best extend healthspan as way to reduce age-related dysfunction and disability. It further specifies the action items necessary to unite health professionals, scientists, and society to partner around the exciting and palpable opportunities to extend healthspan.
AHRQ-funded; HS022763.
Citation: Nikolich-Zugich J, Goldman DP, Cohen PR .
Preparing for an aging world: engaging biogerontologists, geriatricians, and the society.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2016 Apr;71(4):435-44. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv164.
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Keywords: Elderly, Quality of Life, Health Status, Health Promotion
Bernard DM, Selden TM
AHRQ Author: Bernard DM, Selden TM
Access to care among nonelderly veterans.
This study compared access to care for nonelderly adult veterans versus comparable non-veterans, overall and within subgroups defined by simulated eligibility for health care from the Veterans Health Administration and by insurance status. Its results showed that uninsured Veterans, the most policy-relevant group, have better access to care than comparable non-veterans.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Bernard DM, Selden TM .
Access to care among nonelderly veterans.
Med Care 2016 Mar;54(3):243-52. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000508.
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Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Access to Care, Social Determinants of Health, Health Status
Freburger JK, Ellis AR, Wang L
Comparative effectiveness of iron and erythropoiesis-stimulating agent dosing on health-related quality of life in patients receiving hemodialysis.
The researchers examined the independent associations of bolus versus maintenance iron dosing and high versus low erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) dosing on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). They found that for individuals with low baseline hemoglobin levels, higher ESA dosing and bolus iron dosing were associated with slightly higher HRQoL scores in follow-up.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050040I.
Citation: Freburger JK, Ellis AR, Wang L .
Comparative effectiveness of iron and erythropoiesis-stimulating agent dosing on health-related quality of life in patients receiving hemodialysis.
Am J Kidney Dis 2016 Feb;67(2):271-82. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.215.09.011.
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Am J Kidney Dis 2016 Feb;67(2):271-82. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.215.09.011.
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Keywords: Comparative Effectiveness, Quality of Life, Kidney Disease and Health, Outcomes, Health Status
Hays RD, Mallett JS, Gaillot S
Performance of the Medicare Consumer Assessment of Health Care Providers and Systems (CAHPS) physical functioning items.
This study evaluated physical functioning items in Medicare beneficiaries. It concluded that the physical functioning items target relatively easy activities, providing information for a minority of people in the sample with the lowest levels of physical functioning. Items representing higher levels of physical functioning are needed for the majority of the Medicare beneficiaries.
AHRQ-funded; HS016980.
Citation: Hays RD, Mallett JS, Gaillot S .
Performance of the Medicare Consumer Assessment of Health Care Providers and Systems (CAHPS) physical functioning items.
Med Care 2016 Feb;54(2):205-9. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000000475..
Keywords: Medicare, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS), Health Status, Quality Improvement
Strobino DM, Ahmed S, Mistry K
AHRQ Author: Mistry KB
Maternal depressive symptoms and attained size among children in the first 2 years of life.
The researchers evaluated the relation of maternal depressive symptoms with attained size and whether it is stronger for young children in low-income families. They found that odds of short stature were significantly increased at 6 months in the total sample and among low/middle-income families for children whose mothers reported symptoms. Other measures of attained size were not associated with depressive symptoms.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Strobino DM, Ahmed S, Mistry K .
Maternal depressive symptoms and attained size among children in the first 2 years of life.
Acad Pediatr 2016 Jan-Feb;16(1):75-81. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2015.10.003.
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Keywords: Depression, Newborns/Infants, Health Status, Pregnancy, Social Determinants of Health
Boudreaux MH, Golberstein E, McAlpine DD
The long-term impacts of Medicaid exposure in early childhood: evidence from the program's origin.
This paper examines the long-term impact of exposure to Medicaid in early childhood on adult health and economic status. Its analyses suggest that exposure to Medicaid in early childhood (age 0-5) is associated with statistically significant and meaningful improvements in adult health (age 25-54), and this effect is only seen in subgroups targeted by the program.
AHRQ-funded; HS021690.
Citation: Boudreaux MH, Golberstein E, McAlpine DD .
The long-term impacts of Medicaid exposure in early childhood: evidence from the program's origin.
J Health Econ 2016 Jan;45:161-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.11.001.
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Keywords: Medicaid, Health Status, Children/Adolescents
Hannum SM, Rubinstein RL
The meaningfulness of time; narratives of cancer among chronically ill older adults.
The authors sought to describe how chronically ill older adults experience a new cancer diagnosis and the effects of this on their interpretations of personal health, aging, and the future. Among the fifteen participants, they found that perceived time was fragmented into three distinct segments: the Recalled Past, the Existent Present, and the Imagined Future. They discussed implications for how older adults understood their cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS020177.
Citation: Hannum SM, Rubinstein RL .
The meaningfulness of time; narratives of cancer among chronically ill older adults.
J Aging Stud 2016 Jan;36:17-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jaging.2015.12.006.
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Keywords: Elderly, Cancer, Chronic Conditions, Health Status