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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 11 of 11 Research Studies DisplayedDurojaiye AB, McGeorge N, Kristen W
Characterizing the utilization of the problem list for pediatric trauma care.
The EHR problem list has the potential to support care coordination among the multidisciplinary care team that cares for pediatric trauma patients. To realize this potential, the need exists to ensure appropriate utilization by formulating acceptable usage and management policy. In this regard, understanding the prevailing utilization pattern is pivotal. To this end, in this study, the investigators analyzed EHR in tandem with trauma registry data at a Level I pediatric trauma center.
AHRQ-funded; HS023837.
Citation: Durojaiye AB, McGeorge N, Kristen W .
Characterizing the utilization of the problem list for pediatric trauma care.
AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2018 Dec 5;2018:404-12..
Keywords: Care Coordination, Children/Adolescents, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Emergency Department, Health Information Technology (HIT), Hospitals, Registries, Trauma
Williams CN, Piantino J, McEvoy C
The burden of pediatric neurocritical care in the United States.
This article attempts to quantify the burden of pediatric neurocritical care (PNCC) by developing national estimates of disease incidence, evaluating use of critical care interventions (CCI), and examining hospital outcomes. The Kids Inpatient Database (KID) was analyzed to evaluate cohorts with the following conditions: traumatic brain injury, neuro-infection, or inflammatory diseases; status epilepticus; stroke; hypoxic ischemic injury after cardiac arrest; or spinal cord injury.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Williams CN, Piantino J, McEvoy C .
The burden of pediatric neurocritical care in the United States.
Pediatr Neurol 2018 Dec;89:31-38. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2018.07.013..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Critical Care, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Neurological Disorders, Stroke, Trauma
Wheeler KK, Shi J, Xiang H
US pediatric trauma patient unplanned 30-day readmissions.
This study sought to determine readmission rates and risk factors for acutely injured pediatric trauma patients. The study found that overall, the readmission rate for pediatric trauma patients was low. Measures of injury severity, specifically length of stay, were most useful in identifying those who would benefit from targeted care coordination resources.
AHRQ-funded; HS024263.
Citation: Wheeler KK, Shi J, Xiang H .
US pediatric trauma patient unplanned 30-day readmissions.
J Pediatr Surg 2018 Apr;53(4):765-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.08.003..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospital Readmissions, Children/Adolescents, Trauma
Shi J, Shen J, Caupp S
A new weighted injury severity scoring system: Better predictive power for pediatric trauma mortality.
The objective of this study was to develop a weighted Injury Severity Score (wISS) system for pediatric blunt trauma patients with better predictive power than ISS. The authors suggest that by weighting the Abbreviated Injury Scale from different body regions, the wISS had significantly better predictive power for mortality than the ISS, especially in critically injured children.
AHRQ-funded; HS024263.
Citation: Shi J, Shen J, Caupp S .
A new weighted injury severity scoring system: Better predictive power for pediatric trauma mortality.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Aug;85(2):334-40. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001943..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Children/Adolescents, Trauma
Durojaiye AB, McGeorge NM, Puett LL
Mapping the flow of pediatric trauma patients using process mining.
The purpose of this study was to describe a process mining approach for mapping the inhospital flow of pediatric trauma patients, to identify and characterize the major patient pathways and care transitions, and to identify opportunities for patient flow and triage improvement. Process mining was successfully applied to derive process maps from trauma registry data and to identify opportunities for trauma triage improvement and optimization of PICU use.
AHRQ-funded; HS023837.
Citation: Durojaiye AB, McGeorge NM, Puett LL .
Mapping the flow of pediatric trauma patients using process mining.
Appl Clin Inform 2018 Jul;9(3):654-66. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1668089..
Keywords: Trauma, Children/Adolescents, Transitions of Care, Data
Jarman MP, Haut ER, Curriero FC
Mapping areas with concentrated risk of trauma mortality: a first step toward mitigating geographic and socioeconomic disparities in trauma.
This study sought to classify injury event locations based on features of the built and social environment at the injury scene, and to examine patterns in individual patient demographics, injury characteristics, and mortality by location class. The investigators concluded identification of location classes may be useful for targeted primary prevention and treatment interventions, both by identifying geographic areas with the highest risk of injury mortality and by identifying patterns of individual risk within location classes.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Jarman MP, Haut ER, Curriero FC .
Mapping areas with concentrated risk of trauma mortality: a first step toward mitigating geographic and socioeconomic disparities in trauma.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Jul;85(1):54-61. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001883..
Keywords: Disparities, Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Social Determinants of Health, Trauma
Sakran JV, Mehta A, Fransman R
Nationwide trends in mortality following penetrating trauma: are we up for the challenge?
This study analyzed contemporary trends in pre-hospital mortality from penetrating trauma in the past decade using The National Trauma Data Bank. The authors concluded the odds of pre-hospital mortality has increased over 4-fold for gunshot wounds and almost 9-fold for stab wounds. Examining violence intensity, along with improvements in hospital care and data collection, may explain these findings.
AHRQ-funded; HS024547.
Citation: Sakran JV, Mehta A, Fransman R .
Nationwide trends in mortality following penetrating trauma: are we up for the challenge?
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 Jul;85(1):160-66. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001907..
Keywords: Injuries and Wounds, Mortality, Outcomes, Trauma
Chen C, Peng J, Sribnick EA
Trend of age-adjusted rates of pediatric traumatic brain injury in U.S. emergency departments from 2006 to 2013.
The objective of this study was to use the 2006(-)2013 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) database to describe trends of age-adjusted rates of pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBI) treated in U.S. emergency departments. The investigators found that the overall age-adjusted rates of pediatric TBI-related emergency department (ED) visits increased from 2006 to 2013, which was largely caused by pediatric mild TBIs, especially unspecified injury to the head (ICD-9-CM code 959.01) and concussion.
AHRQ-funded; HS024263.
Citation: Chen C, Peng J, Sribnick EA .
Trend of age-adjusted rates of pediatric traumatic brain injury in U.S. emergency departments from 2006 to 2013.
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 Jun 5;15(6). doi: 10.3390/ijerph15061171..
Keywords: Brain Injury, Children/Adolescents, Emergency Department, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Trauma
Jarman MP, Curriero FC, Haut ER
Associations of distance to trauma care, community income, and neighborhood median age with rates of injury mortality.
The purpose of this study was to examine the association of injury scene characteristics with injury mortality. The study concluded that injury scene characteristics are associated with injury mortality. The authors found that odds of death are highest for patients injured in communities with higher median age or lower per capita income and at locations farthest from level 1 or 2 trauma centers.
AHRQ-funded; HS000029.
Citation: Jarman MP, Curriero FC, Haut ER .
Associations of distance to trauma care, community income, and neighborhood median age with rates of injury mortality.
JAMA Surg 2018 Jun;153(6):535-43. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2017.6133..
Keywords: Access to Care, Mortality, Social Determinants of Health, Trauma, Injuries and Wounds
Velopulos CG, Shihab HM, Lottenberg L
Prehospital spine immobilization/spinal motion restriction in penetrating trauma: a practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST).
This study reviewed the published evidence on prehospital spine immobilization or spinal motion restriction in adult patients with penetrating trauma in order to structure a practice management guideline. Using a Cochrane-style systematic review, 24 studies met inclusion criteria; five studies were used for the quantitative review. No study showed benefit to spine immobilization with regard to mortality and neurologic injury, even for patients with direct neck injuries. Increased mortality was associated with spine immobilization. The authors recommend that spine immobilization not be routinely used for adult patients with penetrating trauma.
AHRQ-funded; HS024547.
Citation: Velopulos CG, Shihab HM, Lottenberg L .
Prehospital spine immobilization/spinal motion restriction in penetrating trauma: a practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST).
J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018 May;84(5):736-44. doi: 10.1097/ta.0000000000001764..
Keywords: Care Management, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Evidence-Based Practice, Guidelines, Trauma
Newgard CD, Uribe-Leitz T, Haider AH
Undertriage remains a vexing problem for even the most highly developed trauma systems: The need for innovations in field triage.
This paper is a commentary on an article by Voskens FJ, et al., published in 2017 in JAMA Surgery, entitled “Accuracy of prehospital triage in selecting severely injured trauma patients.”
AHRQ-funded; HS023796.
Citation: Newgard CD, Uribe-Leitz T, Haider AH .
Undertriage remains a vexing problem for even the most highly developed trauma systems: The need for innovations in field triage.
AHRQ-funded; HS023796..
Keywords: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Health Services Research (HSR), Trauma
