National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (2)
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- Blood Clots (1)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (1)
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- (-) Chronic Conditions (5)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedAndrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
This retrospective cohort study used 2013-2014 MarketScan Medicaid data to compare administrative claims-based risk predictors of emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric asthma. The cohort included were children aged 2 to 17 years. Seven risk predictors were compared for 3-month subsequent ED visits/hospitalizations: 3-month rolling asthma medication ratio (AMR), Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) criteria, revised HEDIS criteria, quarterly short-acting β-agonist (SABA) claims, prior ED visit, prior hospitalization, and prior ED visit or hospitalization. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), and percentage of population identified as high risk were compared for each risk predictor utilization the McNemar test. Cohort total population was 214,452 children with a mean age of 7.8 years. HEDIS and revised HEDIS identified prohibitively large cohorts as high-risk (67% and 48%). For the remaining measures, the NPV range was 97% to 99%, indicating high performance at identifying patients who would not benefit from intervention using AMR and SABA count. Superior sensitivities were found for ED visit and ED/hospitalization measures compared with pharmacy claims-based measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS026783.
Citation: Andrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN .
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
Am J Manag Care 2021 Dec;27(12):533-37. doi: 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88792..
Keywords: Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk
Montgomery JR, Waits SA, Dimick JB
Perioperative risks of sleeve gastrectomy versus roux-en-Y gastric bypass among patients with chronic kidney disease: a review of the MBSAQIP database.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether patients with chronic kidney disease experienced higher rates of perioperative complications after roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) compared to sleeve gastrectomy. The investigators concluded that among well-matched cohorts of RYGB and sleeve gastrectomy patients, incidence of primary outcomes were similar. Among secondary outcomes, only acute kidney injury was statistically-significantly higher among RYGB patients; however, the E-value for this difference was small and relatively weak confounder(s) could abrogate the statistical difference.
AHRQ-funded; HS025778.
Citation: Montgomery JR, Waits SA, Dimick JB .
Perioperative risks of sleeve gastrectomy versus roux-en-Y gastric bypass among patients with chronic kidney disease: a review of the MBSAQIP database.
Ann Surg 2021 Oct 1;274(4):e328-e35. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003627..
Keywords: Surgery, Obesity, Kidney Disease and Health, Risk, Chronic Conditions
Horton DB, Xie F, Chen L
Oral glucocorticoids and incident treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and venous thromboembolism in children.
The purpose of this study was to quantify rates of incident treatment for diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with oral glucocorticoid exposure in children aged 1-18 years. Participants were identified using US Medicaid claims data and included more than 930,000 children diagnosed with autoimmune diseases or a nonimmune comparator condition. Findings showed strong dose-dependent relationships between current glucocorticoid exposure and all outcomes, suggesting strong relative risks, but low absolute risks, of newly-treated VTE, diabetes, and especially hypertension in children taking high-dose oral glucocorticoids.
AHRQ-funded; HS021110.
Citation: Horton DB, Xie F, Chen L .
Oral glucocorticoids and incident treatment of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and venous thromboembolism in children.
Am J Epidemiol 2021 Feb 1;190(3):403-12. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwaa197..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Blood Clots, Medication: Safety, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Risk, Patient Safety, Blood Pressure
Li K, Ferguson T, Embil J
Risk of kidney failure, death, and cardiovascular events after lower limb complications in patients with CKD.
Investigators sought to determine how interim lower limb complications modify the subsequent risk of progression to kidney failure, all-cause mortality before kidney failure, and cardiovascular events in a cohort of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages G3 to G5. Patient-level data obtained from several administrative databases from Manitoba, Canada, were analyzed. They found that interim lower limb complications were associated with an increased risk of kidney failure, all-cause mortality before kidney failure, and cardiovascular-related hospitalization. They stated that clinical trials of screening and treatment strategies for patients with CKD at risk for lower limb complications may help determine optimal strategies to manage this risk.
AHRQ-funded; HS018574.
Citation: Li K, Ferguson T, Embil J .
Risk of kidney failure, death, and cardiovascular events after lower limb complications in patients with CKD.
Kidney Int Rep 2021 Feb;6(2):381-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.11.010..
Keywords: Kidney Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk, Adverse Events, Mortality, Outcomes
Bramante CT, Ingraham NE, Murray TA
Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort analysis.
This study examined whether metformin use by patients with diagnosed with type 2 diabetes had reduced mortality when hospitalized for COVID-19. Pharmacy claims data from UnitedHealth Group’s Clinical Discovery Claims Database was used. Patient data were included if they were aged 18 years or older; had type 2 diabetes or obesity (defined based on claims); at least 6 months of continuous enrolment in 2019; and admission to hospital for COVID-19 confirmed by PCR; manual chart review by UHG; or reported from the hospital to UHG. Metformin was not associated with significant reduction in mortality among men, but there was an association with decreased mortality in women.
AHRQ-funded; HS026379.
Citation: Bramante CT, Ingraham NE, Murray TA .
Metformin and risk of mortality in patients hospitalised with COVID-19: a retrospective cohort analysis.
Lancet Healthy Longev 2021 Jan;2(1):e34-e41. doi: 10.1016/s2666-7568(20)30033-7..
Keywords: COVID-19, Hospitalization, Medication, Mortality, Risk, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Public Health, Infectious Diseases