National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
- Adverse Events (1)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (1)
- Antibiotics (5)
- Antimicrobial Stewardship (3)
- Asthma (12)
- Behavioral Health (1)
- Blood Pressure (1)
- Cancer (2)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (1)
- Caregiving (1)
- Care Management (1)
- Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) (1)
- Children/Adolescents (13)
- Chronic Conditions (7)
- Comparative Effectiveness (2)
- COVID-19 (5)
- Critical Care (2)
- Decision Making (1)
- Dental and Oral Health (1)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (3)
- Disparities (2)
- Elderly (1)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (4)
- Evidence-Based Practice (5)
- Guidelines (3)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (1)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (1)
- Healthcare Delivery (2)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (6)
- Hospital Discharge (2)
- Hospitalization (3)
- Hospital Readmissions (3)
- Hospitals (1)
- Infectious Diseases (2)
- Inpatient Care (2)
- Medicaid (1)
- Medication (8)
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (1)
- Mortality (5)
- Neurological Disorders (1)
- Newborns/Infants (4)
- Nursing Homes (1)
- Obesity (1)
- Obesity: Weight Management (1)
- Opioids (2)
- Outcomes (6)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (3)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (1)
- Patient Safety (1)
- Pneumonia (4)
- Practice Patterns (3)
- Prevention (3)
- Primary Care (2)
- Public Health (2)
- Quality Improvement (1)
- Quality of Care (2)
- Quality of Life (2)
- (-) Respiratory Conditions (47)
- Risk (5)
- Sepsis (1)
- Sleep Problems (4)
- Surgery (2)
- Telehealth (2)
- Training (2)
- Transplantation (1)
- Treatments (4)
- Workflow (1)
AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 47 Research Studies DisplayedAndrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
This retrospective cohort study used 2013-2014 MarketScan Medicaid data to compare administrative claims-based risk predictors of emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric asthma. The cohort included were children aged 2 to 17 years. Seven risk predictors were compared for 3-month subsequent ED visits/hospitalizations: 3-month rolling asthma medication ratio (AMR), Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) criteria, revised HEDIS criteria, quarterly short-acting β-agonist (SABA) claims, prior ED visit, prior hospitalization, and prior ED visit or hospitalization. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV), and percentage of population identified as high risk were compared for each risk predictor utilization the McNemar test. Cohort total population was 214,452 children with a mean age of 7.8 years. HEDIS and revised HEDIS identified prohibitively large cohorts as high-risk (67% and 48%). For the remaining measures, the NPV range was 97% to 99%, indicating high performance at identifying patients who would not benefit from intervention using AMR and SABA count. Superior sensitivities were found for ED visit and ED/hospitalization measures compared with pharmacy claims-based measures.
AHRQ-funded; HS026783.
Citation: Andrews AL, Brinton DL, Simpson AN .
A comparison of administrative claims-based risk predictors for pediatric asthma.
Am J Manag Care 2021 Dec;27(12):533-37. doi: 10.37765/ajmc.2021.88792..
Keywords: Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Risk
McGrath SP, McGovern KM, Perreard IM
Inpatient respiratory arrest associated with sedative and analgesic medications: impact of continuous monitoring on patient mortality and severe morbidity.
Inpatient respiratory arrest associated with sedative and analgesic medications: impact of continuous monitoring on patient mortality and severe morbidity.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of surveillance monitoring on mortality and severe morbidity associated with administration of sedative/analgesic medications in the general care setting. A review of available rescue event and patient safety data from a tertiary care hospital in a rural setting was conducted. Findings showed that, for a 10-year period, the rescue system with continuous surveillance monitoring had a profound effect on prevention of death due to sedative/analgesic administration in the general care setting.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of surveillance monitoring on mortality and severe morbidity associated with administration of sedative/analgesic medications in the general care setting. A review of available rescue event and patient safety data from a tertiary care hospital in a rural setting was conducted. Findings showed that, for a 10-year period, the rescue system with continuous surveillance monitoring had a profound effect on prevention of death due to sedative/analgesic administration in the general care setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS024403.
Citation: McGrath SP, McGovern KM, Perreard IM .
Inpatient respiratory arrest associated with sedative and analgesic medications: impact of continuous monitoring on patient mortality and severe morbidity.
J Patient Saf 2021 Dec 1;17(8):557-61. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000000696..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety
Geneslaw AS, Lu Y, Miles CH
Long-term increases in mental disorder diagnoses after invasive mechanical ventilation for severe childhood respiratory disease: a propensity matched observational cohort study.
They found that children without major comorbidity requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for severe respiratory illness had a 43% higher incidence of subsequent mental disorder diagnoses and a 67% higher incidence of psychotropic medication use. Both increases were substantially higher than in PICU patients with respiratory illness not necessitating invasive mechanical ventilation. They recommended further research to determine which factors related to invasive mechanical ventilation and severe respiratory illness are associated with abnormal neurodevelopment.
AHRQ-funded; HS022941.
Citation: Geneslaw AS, Lu Y, Miles CH .
Long-term increases in mental disorder diagnoses after invasive mechanical ventilation for severe childhood respiratory disease: a propensity matched observational cohort study.
Pediatr Crit Care Med 2021 Dec;22(12):1013-25. doi: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000002790..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Behavioral Health, Critical Care
Rasooly IR, Makeneni S, Khan AN
The alarm burden of excess continuous pulse oximetry monitoring among patients with bronchiolitis.
This study’s objective was to quantify alarm burden of excess continuous pulse oximetry monitoring among hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis who are not receiving supplemental oxygen. The authors evaluated admissions of 201 children (aged 0-24 months) with bronchiolitis. They categorized time ≥60 minutes following discontinuation of supplemental oxygen as "continuously monitored (guideline-discordant)," "intermittently measured (guideline-concordant)," or "unable to classify." Among 4402 classifiable hours, 77% of alarms occurred during periods of guideline-discordant monitoring. Patients experienced a median of 35 alarms during guideline-discordant, continuously monitored time, representing a rate of 6.7 alarms per hour. When the monitoring was guideline-concordant, median hourly alarm rate was 0.5 alarms per hour.
AHRQ-funded; HS026620.
Citation: Rasooly IR, Makeneni S, Khan AN .
The alarm burden of excess continuous pulse oximetry monitoring among patients with bronchiolitis.
J Hosp Med 2021 Dec;16(12):727-29. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3731..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Respiratory Conditions, Inpatient Care
Tandan M, Zimmerman S, Sloane PD
Which nursing home residents with pneumonia are managed on-site and which are hospitalized? Results from 2 years' surveillance in 14 US homes.
Pneumonia is a frequent cause of hospitalization among nursing home (NH) residents, but little information is available as to how clinical presentation and other characteristics relate to hospitalization, and the differential use of antimicrobials based on hospitalization status. This study examined how hospitalized and nonhospitalized NH residents with pneumonia differ. The investigators concluded that respiratory rate was associated with hospitalization but was not documented for more than a quarter of residents.
AHRQ-funded; HS022298.
Citation: Tandan M, Zimmerman S, Sloane PD .
Which nursing home residents with pneumonia are managed on-site and which are hospitalized? Results from 2 years' surveillance in 14 US homes.
J Am Med Dir Assoc 2020 Dec;21(12):1862-68.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2020.07.028..
Keywords: Elderly, Nursing Homes, Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Hospitalization
Weekes AJ, Raper JD, Lupez K
Development and validation of a prognostic tool: pulmonary embolism short-term clinical outcomes risk estimation (PE-SCORE).
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a prognostic model for clinical deterioration or death within days of pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis using point-of-care criteria. In this study, the investigators used prospective registry data from six emergency departments. The primary composite outcome was death or deterioration (respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, new dysrhythmia, sustained hypotension, and rescue reperfusion intervention) within 5 days.
AHRQ-funded; HS025979.
Citation: Weekes AJ, Raper JD, Lupez K .
Development and validation of a prognostic tool: pulmonary embolism short-term clinical outcomes risk estimation (PE-SCORE).
PLoS One 2021 Nov 18;16(11):e0260036. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260036..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Risk, Outcomes
Krutsinger DC, Yadav KN, Harhay MO
A systematic review and meta-analysis of enrollment into ARDS and sepsis trials published between 2009 and 2019 in major journals.
This systematic review and meta-analysis looked at enrollment rates for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in the ICU, with the focus on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute lung injury (ALI), or sepsis, and which factors influenced enrollment rates. The authors conducted a systematic review using PubMed for ARD/ALI and sepsis to identify individually published RCTs among the seven highest impact general medicine and seven highest impact critical care journals between 2009 and 2019. A total of 457 articles were identified, with 94 trials meeting inclusion criteria. Trials most commonly evaluated were pharmaceutical interventions (53%), were non-industry funded (78%), and required prospective informed consent (81%). The overall enrollment rate was less than 1 participant per site per month, with single-center trials having a significantly higher enrollment rate than multicenter trials. Enrollment for sepsis trials was almost twice the rate as ARDS/ALI.
AHRQ-funded; HS027795.
Citation: Krutsinger DC, Yadav KN, Harhay MO .
A systematic review and meta-analysis of enrollment into ARDS and sepsis trials published between 2009 and 2019 in major journals.
Crit Care 2021 Nov 15;25(1):392. doi: 10.1186/s13054-021-03804-1..
Keywords: Sepsis, Respiratory Conditions
Parikh K, Hall M, Kaiser SV
Development of a health disparities index: proof of concept with chest radiography in asthma.
The objective of this study was to develop a tool for quantifying health disparity (Health Disparity Index[HDI]) and explore hospital variation measured by this index using chest radiography (CXR) in asthma as the proof of concept. The investigators concluded that the HDI provided a practical measure of disparity. They suggested that to improve equity in healthcare, metrics are needed that are intuitive, accurate, usable, and actionable.
AHRQ-funded; HS016418.
Citation: Parikh K, Hall M, Kaiser SV .
Development of a health disparities index: proof of concept with chest radiography in asthma.
J Pediatr 2021 Nov;238:290-95.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.07.022..
Keywords: Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Disparities
Schechter S, Jaladanki S, Rodean J
Sustainability of paediatric asthma care quality in community hospitals after ending a national quality improvement collaborative.
Community hospitals, which care for most hospitalised children in the USA, may be vulnerable to declines in paediatric care quality when quality improvement (QI) initiatives end. In this study, the investigators aimed to evaluate changes in care quality in community hospitals after the end of the Pathways for Improving Paediatric Asthma Care (PIPA) national QI collaborative. The investigators concluded that the end of the paediatric asthma QI collaborative was associated with concerning declines in guideline adherence in community hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS027041.
Citation: Schechter S, Jaladanki S, Rodean J .
Sustainability of paediatric asthma care quality in community hospitals after ending a national quality improvement collaborative.
BMJ Qual Saf 2021 Nov;30(11):876-83. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2020-012292..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Hospitals, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care
Nair AA, Farber HJ, Chen H
Utilization of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics in Medicaid and CHIP enrolled children with current asthma.
Opioid analgesics are frequently dispensed in children despite its known risk in children with a compromised airway function. The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of opioid analgesic dispensing in children with current asthma and to identify patient and prescriber factors associated with the dispensing of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics. The investigators concluded that opioid analgesics are frequently dispensed to children with asthma. A higher dispensing rate was observed among non-Hispanic White children and among those with a history of uncontrolled asthma.
AHRQ-funded; HS026790.
Citation: Nair AA, Farber HJ, Chen H .
Utilization of opioid versus non-opioid analgesics in Medicaid and CHIP enrolled children with current asthma.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021 Nov;30(11):1520-31. doi: 10.1002/pds.5336..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP), Opioids, Medication, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions
Warniment A, Steuart R, Rodean J
Variation in bacterial respiratory culture results in children with neurologic impairment.
The purpose of this study was to examine bacterial respiratory cultures in children with neurologic impairment (NI) (eg, cerebral palsy), both with and without tracheostomies, who were hospitalized with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) (eg, pneumonia) and to compare culture results across hospitals and age groups. The investigators concluded that the bacteriology of ARI in hospitalized children with NI differed from that of otherwise healthy children.
AHRQ-funded; HS025138; HS019862.
Citation: Warniment A, Steuart R, Rodean J .
Variation in bacterial respiratory culture results in children with neurologic impairment.
Hosp Pediatr 2021 Nov;11(11):e326-e33. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2020-005314..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Neurological Disorders
Rudin RA, Perez S, Rodriguez JA
User-centered design of a scalable, electronic health record-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention for patients with asthma and providers in primary care.
The objective of this study was to determine user and electronic health records (EHR) integration requirements for a scalable remote symptom monitoring intervention for asthma patients and their providers. Using the NASSS framework to guide their user-centered design process, the investigators identified patient and provider requirements for scaling an EHR-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention in primary care.
AHRQ-funded; HS026432.
Citation: Rudin RA, Perez S, Rodriguez JA .
User-centered design of a scalable, electronic health record-integrated remote symptom monitoring intervention for patients with asthma and providers in primary care.
J Am Med Inform Assoc 2021 Oct 12;28(11):2433-44. doi: 10.1093/jamia/ocab157..
Keywords: Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Primary Care
Richards AR, Linder JA
Behavioral economics and ambulatory antibiotic stewardship: a narrative review.
Behavioral economics recognizes that contextual, psychological, social, and emotional factors powerfully influence decision-making. Behavioral economics has the potential to provide a better understanding of, and, through subtle environmental changes, or "nudges," improve persistent quality-of-care challenges, like ambulatory antibiotic overprescribing. In this study, the investigators conducted a Medline search and performed a narrative review that examined the use of behavioral economics to understand the rationale for, and improvement of, ambulatory antibiotic prescribing.
AHRQ-funded; 2332015000201; HS026506; HS028127.
Citation: Richards AR, Linder JA .
Behavioral economics and ambulatory antibiotic stewardship: a narrative review.
Clin Ther 2021 Oct;43(10):1654-67. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.08.004..
Keywords: Antimicrobial Stewardship, Antibiotics, Practice Patterns, Respiratory Conditions
Kern-Goldberger AS, Rasooly IR, Luo B
EHR-integrated monitor data to measure pulse oximetry use in bronchiolitis.
This study’s objective was to determine if electronic health record (EHR) data can accurately estimate the extent of actual oxygen saturation monitoring use in bronchiolitis. The study included infants aged 8 weeks through 23 months who were hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Findings showed that EHR-integrated monitor data were a valid measure of actual oxygen saturation monitoring use that may help hospitals more efficiently identify opportunities to de-implement guideline-inconsistent use.
AHRQ-funded; HS026620.
Citation: Kern-Goldberger AS, Rasooly IR, Luo B .
EHR-integrated monitor data to measure pulse oximetry use in bronchiolitis.
Hosp Pediatr 2021 Oct;11(10):1073-82. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.2021-005894..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Respiratory Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Benneyan JC, White T, Nehls N
Systems analysis of a dedicated ambulatory respiratory unit for seeing and ensuring follow-up of patients with COVID-19 symptoms.
This paper is a systems analysis of a dedicated ambulatory respiratory unit for patients with COVID-19 symptoms. Workflow redesigns were necessitated by COVID and included new ambulatory workflows to handle surge volumes, protect patients and staff, and ensure timely reliable care. The workflow innovations observed can possibly be used to benefit routine care. Observations found that more than 85% of follow-ups were completed within 24 hours, and no staff or patient infections were associated with unit operations. Identified issues included role confusion, staffing and gatekeeping bottlenecks, and patient reluctance to visit in person or discuss concerns on the phone.
AHRQ-funded; HS027282.
Citation: Benneyan JC, White T, Nehls N .
Systems analysis of a dedicated ambulatory respiratory unit for seeing and ensuring follow-up of patients with COVID-19 symptoms.
J Ambul Care Manage 2021 Oct-Dec;44(4):293-303. doi: 10.1097/jac.0000000000000390..
Keywords: COVID-19, Ambulatory Care and Surgery, Respiratory Conditions, Workflow, Healthcare Delivery
Stevens JP, Dechen T, Schwartzstein RM
Association of dyspnoea, mortality and resource use in hospitalised patients.
As many as one in 10 patients experience dyspnoea at hospital admission but the relationship between dyspnoea and patient outcomes is unknown. In this study, the investigators sought to determine whether dyspnoea on admission predicts outcomes. They conducted a retrospective cohort study in a single, academic medical centre. They analysed 67 362 consecutive hospital admissions with available data on dyspnoea, pain and outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS024288.
Citation: Stevens JP, Dechen T, Schwartzstein RM .
Association of dyspnoea, mortality and resource use in hospitalised patients.
Eur Respir J 2021 Sep 2;58(3). doi: 10.1183/13993003.02107-2019..
Keywords: Respiratory Conditions, Mortality, Outcomes
Hirayama A, Goto T, Faridi MK
Association of obstructive sleep apnea with all-cause readmissions after hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in adults aged 18-54 years: a population-based study, 2010-2013.
The authors sought to investigate associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and readmission risk after hospitalization for asthma exacerbation using data from State Inpatient Databases from seven U.S. states. They found that, overall, OSA was associated with a significantly higher incident rate of all-cause readmission. Additionally, OSA was associated with higher incident rates of readmissions for five major diseases: asthma, COPD, respiratory failure, pneumonia, and congestive heart failure, compared to non-OSA.
AHRQ-funded; HS023305.
Citation: Hirayama A, Goto T, Faridi MK .
Association of obstructive sleep apnea with all-cause readmissions after hospitalization for asthma exacerbation in adults aged 18-54 years: a population-based study, 2010-2013.
J Asthma 2021 Sep;58(9):1176-85. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1781887..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Sleep Problems, Hospital Readmissions, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions
Curry CW, Felt D, Kan K
Asthma remission disparities among us youth by sexual identity and race/ethnicity, 2009-2017.
Researchers sought to examine adjusted odds of non-remitting asthma by sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and their intersections, along with their relationship with traditional non-remitting asthma risk factors and victimization. Using data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, they found that, at the intersections, 8 sexual minority and racial/ethnic minority subpopulations were significantly more likely to have non-remitting asthma compared with White heterosexual sex-matched peers. They concluded that the evidence suggests that traditional non-remitting asthma risk factors and victimization may partly explain disparities in non-remitting asthma.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Curry CW, Felt D, Kan K .
Asthma remission disparities among us youth by sexual identity and race/ethnicity, 2009-2017.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021 Sep;9(9):3396-406. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.04.046..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Disparities
Schondelmeyer AC, Bettencourt AP, Xiao R
Evaluation of an educational outreach and audit and feedback program to reduce continuous pulse oximetry use in hospitalized infants with stable bronchiolitis: a nonrandomized clinical trial.
National guidelines recommend against continuous pulse oximetry use for hospitalized children with bronchiolitis who are not receiving supplemental oxygen, yet guideline-discordant use remains high. The objective of this study was to evaluate deimplementation outcomes of educational outreach and audit and feedback strategies aiming to reduce guideline-discordant continuous pulse oximetry use in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis who are not receiving supplemental oxygen.
AHRQ-funded; HS026763.
Citation: Schondelmeyer AC, Bettencourt AP, Xiao R .
Evaluation of an educational outreach and audit and feedback program to reduce continuous pulse oximetry use in hospitalized infants with stable bronchiolitis: a nonrandomized clinical trial.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Sep;4(9):e2122826. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.22826..
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Hospitalization, Guidelines, Practice Patterns, Training, Respiratory Conditions
Joseph CLM, Alexander GL, Lu M
Pilot study of a brief provider and EMR-based intervention for overweight teens with asthma.
The authors piloted an electronic medical record-based tailored discussion guide (TDG) and a brief provider training to address weight management in overweight teens with asthma. They observed modest improvements in patient-reported asthma outcomes and health behaviors. They found strong evidence that the TDG supports provider discussion of weight and asthma to create a more patient-centered conversation from the perspective of participating teens. They recommended addressing challenges to recruitment and clinic adaptation prior to advancing to a full-scale trial.
AHRQ-funded; HS022417.
Citation: Joseph CLM, Alexander GL, Lu M .
Pilot study of a brief provider and EMR-based intervention for overweight teens with asthma.
Pilot Feasibility Stud 2021 Aug 30;7(1):167. doi: 10.1186/s40814-021-00848-6..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Obesity: Weight Management, Obesity, Asthma, Chronic Conditions, Respiratory Conditions, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT)
Piwnica-Worms K, Staiger B, Ross JS
Effects of forced disruption in Medicaid managed care on children with asthma.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a forced disruption to Medicaid managed care plans and provider networks on health utilization and outcomes for children with persistent asthma. The investigators concluded that while there was a decrease in the number of outpatient visits associated with forced disruption of Medicaid managed care plans for children with persistent asthma, there were no consistent associations with worse asthma quality performance or higher emergent health care utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS022882; HS025164.
Citation: Piwnica-Worms K, Staiger B, Ross JS .
Effects of forced disruption in Medicaid managed care on children with asthma.
Health Serv Res 2021 Aug;56(4):668-76. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.13643..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Medicaid, Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Quality of Care
Xu L, Xie D, Griffin KS
Objective adherence to dental device versus positive airway pressure treatment in adults with obstructive sleep apnea.
Although mandibular advancement device (MAD) treatment of adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is generally less efficacious than positive airway pressure (PAP), the two treatments are associated, with similar clinical outcomes. As a sub-analysis of a randomized trial comparing the effect of MAD versus PAP on blood pressure, this study compared objectively measured adherence to MAD versus PAP treatment in adults with OSA.
AHRQ-funded; HS019738.
Citation: Xu L, Xie D, Griffin KS .
Objective adherence to dental device versus positive airway pressure treatment in adults with obstructive sleep apnea.
J Sleep Res 2021 Aug;30(4):e13240. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13240..
Keywords: Sleep Problems, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Treatments, Dental and Oral Health, Respiratory Conditions
Klompas M, Imrey PB, Yu PC
Respiratory viral testing and antibacterial treatment in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.
Researchers studied the frequency of respiratory viral testing and its associations with antimicrobial utilization in adult patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. They found that, of patients with pneumonia on admission, 24.5% were tested for respiratory viruses, 94.8% were tested for influenza, and 20.7% were tested for other viruses. They concluded that a minority of patients hospitalized with pneumonia were tested for respiratory viruses; only a fraction of potential viral pathogens were assayed; and patients with positive viral tests often received long antibacterial courses.
AHRQ-funded; HS025008; HS024277.
Citation: Klompas M, Imrey PB, Yu PC .
Respiratory viral testing and antibacterial treatment in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2021 Jul;42(7):817-25. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.1312..
Keywords: Pneumonia, Respiratory Conditions, Antibiotics, Medication
Doshi H, Hsia B, Shahani J
Impact of technology-based interventions on patient-reported outcomes in asthma: a systematic review.
This systematic review’s goal was to identify which technology-based interventions (TBIs) for asthma management have been formally evaluated using patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The authors aimed to: 1) identify the TBIs that have been evaluated in clinical trials using PROs; 2) identify the most commonly used PROs in these trials; and 3) determine the impact of TBIs on PROs in the management of chronic asthma. PubMed and Clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched for English-language studies published between January 2000 and February 2020. The final analysis included 14 clinical trials with 1 to 3 arms. Five different TBI types were identified, most commonly involving multimedia education. Four different categories of PROs were identified. At least 1 PRO domain with positive outcomes were reported by patients in 12 of 14 studies.
AHRQ-funded; R18 HS025645.
Citation: Doshi H, Hsia B, Shahani J .
Impact of technology-based interventions on patient-reported outcomes in asthma: a systematic review.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2021 Jun;9(6):2336-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.01.027..
Keywords: Asthma, Respiratory Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Telehealth, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Campbell JI, Sandora TJ, Haberer JE
A scoping review of paediatric latent tuberculosis infection care cascades: initial steps are lacking.
This literature review looked at current studies on the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric latent tuberculosis infection (TB infection), commonly known as the TB infection care cascade. The authors conducted a systematic search of several medical databases and included articles and meeting abstracts that studied children and adolescents 21 years or younger who were screened for or diagnosed with TB infection. They identified 146 studies examining steps in the pediatric TB infection care cascade, including 31 in children living in low- and middle-income countries. Most literature described the final cascade step, which is treatment initiation to completion. Strengths and gaps were identified and future research in examining cascade steps upstream of treatment initiation was recommended.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Campbell JI, Sandora TJ, Haberer JE .
A scoping review of paediatric latent tuberculosis infection care cascades: initial steps are lacking.
BMJ Glob Health 2021 May;6(5). doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004836..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Treatments, Care Management, Evidence-Based Practice