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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 3 of 3 Research Studies DisplayedSmith NA, Voisin DR, Yang JP
Keeping your guard up: hypervigilance among urban residents affected by community and police violence.
This study’s aim was to quantify the effects of hypervigilance among urban residents affected by community and police violence. A survey of 504 adults in Chicago in 2018 was done in a neighborhood affected by high levels of violence. It was found that exposure to police violence was associated with a 9.8% increase in hypervigilance while exposure to community violence caused a 5.5% increase. Among participants who had a police stop, it was associated with 20% increase in hypervigilance. Overall, the highest quartile of hypervigilance was associated with higher systolic blood pressure.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Smith NA, Voisin DR, Yang JP .
Keeping your guard up: hypervigilance among urban residents affected by community and police violence.
Health Aff 2019 Oct;38(10):1662-69. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00560..
Keywords: Urban Health, Social Determinants of Health, Behavioral Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Tung EL, Hawkley LC, Cagney KA
Social isolation, loneliness, and violence exposure in urban adults.
This qualitative study’s goal was to empirically assess the relationship between violence exposure and social isolation in urban areas. Interviews were conducted in 2018 with 504 adults in Chicago from a high-crime neighborhood. Prior exposure to community violence was associated with a 3.3-point decrease in the frequent of interaction with associates, a 7.3-point reduction in perceived social support from friends, and a 7.8-point increase in loneliness.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Tung EL, Hawkley LC, Cagney KA .
Social isolation, loneliness, and violence exposure in urban adults.
Health Aff 2019 Oct;38(10):1670-78. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00563..
Keywords: Urban Health, Behavioral Health, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Spees LP, Wheeler SB, Varia M
Evaluating the urban-rural paradox: the complicated relationship between distance and the receipt of guideline-concordant care among cervical cancer patients.
A recent study suggests that the distance to reach care may affect urban and rural cancer patients differentially; the authors of this article examined whether or not this urban-rural paradox exists among cervical cancer patients. Patients diagnosed with cervical cancer from 2004 to 2013 were identified via a statewide cancer registry linked to multi-payer insurance claims. 62% of the cervical cancer patients received guideline-concordant care. The association between distance and receipt of care differed by type of treatment. The authors conclude that there is evidence supporting the urban-rural paradox.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Spees LP, Wheeler SB, Varia M .
Evaluating the urban-rural paradox: the complicated relationship between distance and the receipt of guideline-concordant care among cervical cancer patients.
Gynecol Oncol 2019 Jan;152(1):112-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.11.010.
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Keywords: Access to Care, Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Disparities, Evidence-Based Practice, Rural Health, Urban Health