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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
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1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedGolmakani MK, Hubbard RA, Miglioretti DL
Nonhomogeneous Markov chain for estimating the cumulative risk of multiple false positive screening tests.
This study addressed the general challenge of estimating the cumulative risk of multiple false positive test results. The authors proposed a nonhomogeneous multistate model to describe the screening process including competing events and developed alternative approaches for estimating the cumulative risk of multiple false positive results using this multistate model based on existing estimators for the cumulative risk of a single false positive. The multistate model was based on existing estimators for the cumulative risk of a single false positive. They compared the performance of the newly proposed models through simulation studies and illustrated model performance using data on screening mammography from the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. They found that in the context of screening mammography that the cumulative risk of multiple false positive results is high. For a high-risk individual, the cumulative probability of at least two false positive mammography results after 10 rounds of annual screening is 40.4.
AHRQ-funded; HS018366.
Citation: Golmakani MK, Hubbard RA, Miglioretti DL .
Nonhomogeneous Markov chain for estimating the cumulative risk of multiple false positive screening tests.
Biometrics 2022 Sep;78(3):1244-56. doi: 10.1111/biom.13484..
Keywords: Research Methodologies, Screening, Imaging, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer
Franc BL, Thombley R, Luo Y
Using diagnosis codes in claims data to identify cohorts of breast cancer patients following initial treatment.
This article describes how researchers trying to study patterns of care and medical service utilization can use diagnosis codes to help identify patients who had undergone initial breast cancer treatment during the first 5 years after treatment for the primary cancer. The authors used claims data of 51,278 newly diagnosed breast cancer (BC) patients from the BC subset of the 2000-2014 SEER-Medicare linked database. From that database they determined the fraction of BC patients who could be identified using BC-specific does 174.x and v10.3 during the year of diagnosis/treatment and during each of the following 5 years after treatment. They then developed a list of diagnosis codes that were found more often in claims from BC patients than in claims of a cohort of patients without a BC diagnosis. They were able to identify BC patients as belonging to 5 different subgroups. In any single year 72.8-99.1% of BC patients had a claim with a174.x diagnosis code. Another 0-11% of BC patients had a v10.3 code. From their findings they concluded that BC patients can be robustly identified within claims databases.
AHRQ-funded; HS024936.
Citation: Franc BL, Thombley R, Luo Y .
Using diagnosis codes in claims data to identify cohorts of breast cancer patients following initial treatment.
Breast J 2020 Jul;26(7):1472-74. doi: 10.1111/tbj.13758..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Women, Research Methodologies
Kunst NR, Alarid-Escudero F, Paltiel AD
A value of information analysis of research on the 21-gene assay for breast cancer management.
The authors aimed to quantify the value of conducting further research to reduce decision uncertainty in the use of the 21-gene assay Oncotype DX (21-GA). They found that current evidence strongly supports the use of the 21-GA in intermediate- and high-risk women and recommended that further research focus on low-risk women.
AHRQ-funded; HS023900.
Citation: Kunst NR, Alarid-Escudero F, Paltiel AD .
A value of information analysis of research on the 21-gene assay for breast cancer management.
Value Health 2019 Oct;22(10):1102-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2019.05.004..
Keywords: Genetics, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Decision Making, Research Methodologies
Kelly G, Wang SY, Lucas G
Facilitating meaningful engagement on community advisory committees in patient-centered outcome research.
In this study, the investigators conducted a process evaluation of ongoing activities of a Patient Advisory Committee (PAC) formed around the development of an individualized decision aid for older women with early stage breast cancer. They indicated that their results suggested that engaging committee members in a process of evaluation and collective reflection during a research collaboration can break down barriers to collaboration, build relationships, create opportunities for co-learning and strengthen researchers' capacity to engage meaningfully with stakeholders.
AHRQ-funded; HS023900.
Citation: Kelly G, Wang SY, Lucas G .
Facilitating meaningful engagement on community advisory committees in patient-centered outcome research.
Prog Community Health Partnersh 2017;11(3):243-51. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2017.0029..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Research Methodologies
Boland MR, Miotto R, Gao J
Feasibility of feature-based indexing, clustering, and search of clinical trials. A case study of breast cancer trials from ClinicalTrials.gov.
Searching through a large collection of clinical trials using existing technology is a daunting task. This study extracted 1,437 eligibility features from 80 stage III breast cancer clinical trials and found that it is feasible to develop feature-based indexing and clustering methods for clinical trials to identify trials with similar target populations and to improve trial search efficiency.
AHRQ-funded; HS019853.
Citation: Boland MR, Miotto R, Gao J .
Feasibility of feature-based indexing, clustering, and search of clinical trials. A case study of breast cancer trials from ClinicalTrials.gov.
Methods Inf Med. 2013;52(5):382-94. doi: 10.3414/ME12-01-0092..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Research Methodologies