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Research Studies is a monthly compilation of research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers and recently published in journals or newsletters.
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1 to 25 of 995 Research Studies Displayed
Loo S, Mullikin K, Robbins C
Patient navigator team perceptions on the implementation of a citywide breast cancer patient navigation protocol: a qualitative study.
This study’s goal was to assess the implementation of the 2018 Translating Research Into Practice (TRIP), an evidence-based patient navigation intervention aimed at addressing breast cancer care disparities, across six Boston hospitals. Patient navigator team member perspectives regarding implementation barriers and facilitators one-year post-study implementation were assessed. Seventeen interviews were conducted with patient navigators, patient navigator supervisors, and designated clinical champions. The following benefits were identified by participants: 1) increased networking and connections for navigators across clinical sites (Cosmopolitanism), 2) formalization of the patient navigation process (Goals and Purpose, Access to Knowledge and Information, and Relative Advantage), and 3) flexibility within the TRIP intervention that allowed for diversity in implementation and use of TRIP components across sites (Adaptability). Barriers included documentation requirements and the structured patient follow up guidelines that did not always align with the timeline of existing site navigation processes.
AHRQ-funded; HS022242.
Citation:
Loo S, Mullikin K, Robbins C .
Patient navigator team perceptions on the implementation of a citywide breast cancer patient navigation protocol: a qualitative study.
BMC Health Serv Res 2022 May 21;22(1):683. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08090-3..
Keywords:
Patient-Centered Healthcare, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
D'Orazio B, Ramachandran J, Khalida C
Stakeholder engagement in a comparative effectiveness/implementation study to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection recurrence: CA-MRSA Project (CAMP2).
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence and participation of a stakeholder committee would positively impact the effectiveness of the design and execution of a home-based Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus infection prevention intervention. The trial utilized community health workers to implement infection prevention protocols in participant’s homes, including home visits, sampling household surfaces at baseline and then three months, and obtaining surveillance cultures from index patients and household members. The study assembled and convened The Clinician and Patient Stakeholder Advisory Committee (CPSAC), comprised of New York-based federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) and community health emergency departments, laboratory and clinical researchers, clinicians, and patient stakeholders. The CPSAC was tasked with trial oversight and shared decision-making and troubleshooting, and convened both in person and remotely. The researchers concluded that the inclusion and engagement of the CPSAC during the trial design and implementation was highly effective in addressing and resolving challenges in both participant recruitment and home visits.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation:
D'Orazio B, Ramachandran J, Khalida C .
Stakeholder engagement in a comparative effectiveness/implementation study to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infection recurrence: CA-MRSA Project (CAMP2).
Prog Community Health Partnersh 2022;16(1):45-60. doi: 10.1353/cpr.2022.0005..
Keywords:
Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Community-Acquired Infections, Infectious Diseases, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Evidence-Based Practice
Bergman ZR, Usher M, Olson A
Comparison of outcomes and process of care for patients treated at hospitals dedicated for COVID-19 care vs other hospitals.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the mortality rate and complications associated with treatment at the COVID-19-dedicated hospitals. Findings showed that, in this cohort study, COVID-19-dedicated hospitals in Minnesota had multiple benefits, including providing high-volume repetitive treatment and isolating patients with the infection. This experience suggests improved in-hospital mortality for patients treated at dedicated hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; HS026732; HS026379.
Citation:
Bergman ZR, Usher M, Olson A .
Comparison of outcomes and process of care for patients treated at hospitals dedicated for COVID-19 care vs other hospitals.
JAMA Netw Open 2022 Mar;5(3):e220873. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0873..
Keywords:
COVID-19, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes, Healthcare Delivery, Hospitals
Lin E, Uhler LM, Finley EP
Incorporating patient-reported outcomes into shared decision-making in the management of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study protocol.
This article describes a US-based 2-year, two-site hybrid type 1 study to assess clinical effectiveness and implementation of a machine learning-based patient decision aid integrating patient-reported outcomes and clinical variables to support shared decision-making for patients with knee osteoarthritis considering total knee replacement. Study results will be disseminated through conference presentations, publications and professional societies.
AHRQ-funded; HS027037.
Citation:
Lin E, Uhler LM, Finley EP .
Incorporating patient-reported outcomes into shared decision-making in the management of patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study protocol.
BMJ Open 2022 Feb 21;12(2):e055933. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055933..
Keywords:
Clinical Decision Support (CDS), Decision Making, Arthritis, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Orthopedics, Health Information Technology (HIT), Evidence-Based Practice
Wallis CJD, Huang LC, Zhao Z
Association between pelvic nodal radiotherapy and patient-reported functional outcomes through 5 years among men undergoing external-beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer: an assessment of the Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Surgery and Radiation (C
In this study, the investigators sought to compare functional outcomes for men receiving prostate and pelvic versus prostate-only radiotherapy, longitudinally over 5 years. The investigators concluded that there were no clinically important differences in disease-specific or general health-related quality of life with the addition of pelvic irradiation to prostate radiotherapy, supporting the use of pelvic radiotherapy when it may be of clinical benefit, such as men with increased risk of nodal involvement.
AHRQ-funded; HS022640; HS019356.
Citation:
Wallis CJD, Huang LC, Zhao Z .
Association between pelvic nodal radiotherapy and patient-reported functional outcomes through 5 years among men undergoing external-beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer: an assessment of the Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Surgery and Radiation (C
Urol Oncol 2022 Feb;40(2):56.e1-56.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2021.04.035..
Keywords:
Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Men's Health, Comparative Effectiveness, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Quality of Life
Aronson PL, Fleischer E, Schaeffer P
Development of a parent-reported outcome measure for febrile infants ≤60 days old.
This study’s aim was to develop a patient-reported outcome measure for febrile infants 60 days or younger evaluated in the emergency department. This 3-part study included: 1) individual, semistructured interviews with parents of febrile infants 60 days or younger to generate potential items for the measure; 2) expert review with pediatric emergency medicine physicians and member checking with parents, and 3) cognitive interviews with a new sample of parents who gave feedback and rated the measure’s ease of use on a 4-point scale. In part 1 24 parents of 21 infants were interviewed. The interviews revealed several themes: parents' experiences with medical care, communication, and decision making; parents' emotions, particularly worry, fear, and stress; the infant's outcomes valued by parents; and the impact of the infant's illness on the family, from which 22 potential items for inclusion were identified. In part 2, 10 items were revised for clarity based on feedback from physicians and parents. In part 3, the authors further revised the measure for clarity and added an item. The final measure included 23 items.
AHRQ-funded; HS026006.
Citation:
Aronson PL, Fleischer E, Schaeffer P .
Development of a parent-reported outcome measure for febrile infants ≤60 days old.
Pediatr Emerg Care 2022 Feb;38(2):e821-e27. doi: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002378.
Keywords:
Newborns/Infants, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Wallis CJD, Zhao Z, Huang LC
Association of treatment modality, functional outcomes, and baseline characteristics with treatment-related regret among men with localized prostate cancer.
Treatment-related regret is an integrative, patient-centered measure that accounts for morbidity, oncologic outcomes, and anxiety associated with prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the association between treatment approach, functional outcomes, and patient expectations and treatment-related regret among patients with localized prostate cancer. The investigators concluded that the findings of their cohort study suggested that more than 1 in 10 patients with localized prostate cancer experienced treatment-related regret.
AHRQ-funded; HS019356; HS022640.
Citation:
Wallis CJD, Zhao Z, Huang LC .
Association of treatment modality, functional outcomes, and baseline characteristics with treatment-related regret among men with localized prostate cancer.
JAMA Oncol 2022 Jan;8(1):50-59. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.5160..
Keywords:
Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Men's Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Douthit BJ, Walden RL, Cato K
Data science trends relevant to nursing practice: a rapid review of the 2020 literature.
This study’s objective was to summarize the latest research and applications of nursing-relevant patient outcomes and clinical processes in the data science literature. Numerous contemporary data science methods were represented in the literature including the use of machine learning, neural networks, and natural language processing. This review provides an overview of the data science trends that were relevant to nursing practice in 2020.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation:
Douthit BJ, Walden RL, Cato K .
Data science trends relevant to nursing practice: a rapid review of the 2020 literature.
Appl Clin Inform 2022 Jan;13(1):161-79. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1742218..
Keywords:
Nursing, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Chrenka EA, Solberg LI, Asche SE
Is shared decision-making associated with better patient-reported outcomes? A longitudinal study of patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty.
This study examined whether shared decision making (SDM) provides better outcomes using patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty as a test case. This observational longitudinal survey-based study surveyed patients receiving an initial THA or TKA from a large, multispecialty medical group in the Midwestern United States after they were scheduled for surgery and again at 12 months after their procedure. The majority of included patients were white (1255 of 1344) with only 3% using Medicaid benefits at the time of surgery. The three-item collaboRATE measure of SDM was added to existing patient surveys of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Patient responses were analyzed in regression models to estimate the association between preoperative collaborate scores and Oxford knee or hip scores at 12 months postoperatively. There was a moderate, positive association between preoperative collaborate scores and the Oxford scores at 12 months. The association suggests that SDM could be one tool to encourage better outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025618.
Citation:
Chrenka EA, Solberg LI, Asche SE .
Is shared decision-making associated with better patient-reported outcomes? A longitudinal study of patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty.
Clin Orthop Relat Res 2022 Jan;480(1):82-91. doi: 10.1097/corr.0000000000001920..
Keywords:
Decision Making, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Orthopedics, Surgery
Choi KR, Bhakta B, Knight EA
Patient outcomes after applied behavior analysis for autism spectrum disorder.
The purpose of this study was to examine patterns of service receipt and patient outcomes for children receiving applied behavior analysis (ABA) for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in an integrated health care system in which commercially insured children were covered by a state autism mandate. Findings showed that, in a health system implementation of ABA for children with ASD, there were high rates of ABA discontinuation and low ABA dosing. These challenges may diminish the potential benefits of ABA, even with mandated commercial insurance coverage.
AHRQ-funded; HS026407.
Citation:
Choi KR, Bhakta B, Knight EA .
Patient outcomes after applied behavior analysis for autism spectrum disorder.
J Dev Behav Pediatr 2022 Jan;43(1):9-16. doi: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000995..
Keywords:
Children/Adolescents, Autism, Behavioral Health, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Franklin PD, Bond CP, Rothrock NE
Strategies for effective implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in arthroplasty practice.
This study’s goal was to synthesize patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) implementation strategies that are successfully used by hundreds of arthroplasty surgeons and early PROM-adopter clinical systems. The authors developed guidelines to inform clinical care, drive quality-improvement activities, and support reporting for payer-sponsored incentives. They also outlined future research that is needed to define methods for optimal patient engagement, technology infrastructure, and operational systems to seamlessly integrate PROM collection in clinical care.
AHRQ-funded; HS018910.
Citation:
Franklin PD, Bond CP, Rothrock NE .
Strategies for effective implementation of patient-reported outcome measures in arthroplasty practice.
J Bone Joint Surg Am 2021 Dec 15;103(24):e97. doi: 10.2106/jbjs.20.02072..
Keywords:
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Orthopedics, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Evidence-Based Practice, Implementation, Outcomes
Kittelson AJ, Loyd BJ, Graber J
Examination of exclusion criteria in total knee arthroplasty rehabilitation trials: influence on the application of evidence in day-to-day practice.
This study investigated whether total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients seen in routine practice who meet common exclusion criteria in clinical trials recover differently compared to research-eligible patients. Postoperative functional outcomes were compared using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Timed Up and Go (TUG). A total of 2,528 participants from 27 trials were compared to 474 patients from the clinical dataset. Research participants were older, with lower BMI than patients in the clinical dataset. There were no differences observed in functional recovery rate between groups, except for patients with diabetes whose TUG recovered more slowly than “eligible” patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS024316.
Citation:
Kittelson AJ, Loyd BJ, Graber J .
Examination of exclusion criteria in total knee arthroplasty rehabilitation trials: influence on the application of evidence in day-to-day practice.
J Eval Clin Pract 2021 Dec;27(6):1335-42. doi: 10.1111/jep.13564..
Keywords:
Orthopedics, Surgery, Rehabilitation, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice, Outcomes
Coley RY, Boggs JM, Beck A
Predicting outcomes of psychotherapy for depression with electronic health record data.
This study evaluated models for predicting outcomes of psychotherapy for depression in a clinical practice setting. Findings showed that prediction models did not accurately predict depression treatment outcomes despite using rich electronic health record data and advanced analytic techniques. Recommendations included caution when considering prediction models for psychiatric outcomes using baseline intake information and transparent research to evaluate performance of any model intended for clinical use.
AHRQ-funded; HS026369.
Citation:
Coley RY, Boggs JM, Beck A .
Predicting outcomes of psychotherapy for depression with electronic health record data.
J Affect Disord Rep 2021 Dec;6:100198. doi: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100198..
Keywords:
Depression, Behavioral Health, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Whitebird RR, Solberg LI, Ziegenfuss JY
Personalized outcomes for hip and knee replacement: the patients point of view.
Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly being incorporated into clinical and surgical care for assessing outcomes. This study examined outcomes important to patients in their decision to have hip or knee replacement surgery, their perspectives on PROMs and shared decision-making, and factors they considered important for postoperative care.
AHRQ-funded; HS025618.
Citation:
Whitebird RR, Solberg LI, Ziegenfuss JY .
Personalized outcomes for hip and knee replacement: the patients point of view.
J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021 Nov 4;5(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s41687-021-00393-z..
Keywords:
Orthopedics, Surgery, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Experience, Decision Making
Jiang DH, Mundell BF, Shah ND
Impact of high deductible health plans on diabetes care quality and outcomes: systematic review.
The authors sought to provide a systematic literature review of the impact of high deductible health plans (HDHPs) on the utilizations of services required for optimal management of diabetes and subsequent health outcomes. They found that, although HDHPs reduce some health care utilization and costs, they appear to do so at the expense of limiting high-value care and medication adherence.
AHRQ-funded; HS025517; HS024075; HS025164; HS025402.
Citation:
Jiang DH, Mundell BF, Shah ND .
Impact of high deductible health plans on diabetes care quality and outcomes: systematic review.
Endocr Pract 2021 Nov;27(11):1156-64. doi: 10.1016/j.eprac.2021.07.001..
Keywords:
Health Insurance, Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Outcomes, Quality of Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Austin EJ, LeRouge C, Lee JR
A learning health systems approach to integrating electronic patient-reported outcomes across the health care organization.
The authors reported on their effort to develop generalizable learnings that can support the integration of electronic patient-reported outcome measures into clinical practice within a learning health system (LHS) framework. They concluded that the guidelines produced from this work highlighted the complex, multidisciplinary nature of implementing change within LHS contexts, as well as the value of action research approaches to enable rapid, iterative learning that leverages the knowledge and experience of communities of practice.
AHRQ-funded; HS023785.
Citation:
Austin EJ, LeRouge C, Lee JR .
A learning health systems approach to integrating electronic patient-reported outcomes across the health care organization.
Learn Health Syst 2021 Oct;5(4):e10263. doi: 10.1002/lrh2.10263..
Keywords:
Learning Health Systems, Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Evidence-Based Practice
Kaufmann TL, Getz KD, Hsu JY
Identification of patient-reported outcome phenotypes among oncology patients with palliative care needs.
This retrospective study used patient-reported outcome (PRO) data to characterize oncology patients with palliative care needs. The objective was to determine if PRO data can identify latent phenotypes that characterize indications for specialty palliative care referral. Self-reported symptoms were collected on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Symptom from solid tumor oncology patients (n = 745) referred to outpatient palliative care at eight community and academic sites from October 2012 to October 2018. The authors identified four PRO phenotypes: low symptoms (39.6%); moderate pain/fatigue + mood (24.2%); moderate pain/fatigue + appetite + dypsnea (27%); and high symptoms (9.3%). A secondary analysis of 421 patients found that two brief items assessing social and existential needs aligned with higher severity symptoms and psychological distress phenotypes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023681.
Citation:
Kaufmann TL, Getz KD, Hsu JY .
Identification of patient-reported outcome phenotypes among oncology patients with palliative care needs.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Oct;17(10):e1473-e88. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00849..
Keywords:
Cancer, Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Cardell CF, Knapp L, Cohen ME
Successful implementation of enhanced recovery in elective colorectal surgery is variable and dependent on the local environment.
This study looked at the results of a national colorectal enhanced recovery program (ERP) to improve patient outcomes. A total of 207 hospitals participated between 2017 and 2020. Quantitative (patient-level process and outcome) and qualitative (survey and structured interviews with hospital teams) data were collected and analyzed. Results shows that 62 hospitals were characterized as High Performance, and 52 as High Improvement. High Performance hospitals were larger with more annual colorectal surgeries. Fewer barriers to staff-buy-in and competing priorities, and more experience with standardized perioperative care were also characteristics of High Performance hospitals. High Improvement hospitals had lower baseline process measure (PM) adherence and less experience with perioperative care but had positive trends in annual patient outcomes such as annual morbidity, readmission, and prolonged length of stay compared to Low Improvement Hospitals.
AHRQ-funded; 233201500020I.
Citation:
Cardell CF, Knapp L, Cohen ME .
Successful implementation of enhanced recovery in elective colorectal surgery is variable and dependent on the local environment.
Ann Surg 2021 Oct 1;274(4):605-12. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005069..
Keywords:
Surgery, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Provider Performance
Subash M, Liu LH, DeQuattro K
The Development of the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness Learning Collaborative for improving patient-reported outcome collection and patient-centered communication in adult rheumatology.
Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are an integral part of treat-to-target approaches in managing rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In clinical practice, however, routine collection, documentation, and discussion of PROs with patients are highly variable. In this paper, the investigators discussed the Development of the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness Learning Collaborative for improving patient-reported outcome collection and patient-centered communication in adult rheumatology.
AHRQ-funded; HS025638.
Citation:
Subash M, Liu LH, DeQuattro K .
The Development of the Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness Learning Collaborative for improving patient-reported outcome collection and patient-centered communication in adult rheumatology.
ACR Open Rheumatol 2021 Oct;3(10):690-98. doi: 10.1002/acr2.11310..
Keywords:
Arthritis, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Learning Health Systems, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Jiang G, Dhruva SS, Chen J
Feasibility of capturing real-world data from health information technology systems at multiple centers to assess cardiac ablation device outcomes: a fit-for-purpose informatics analysis report.
This study sought to conduct an informatics analysis on the National Evaluation System for Health Technology Coordinating Center test case of cardiac ablation catheters and to demonstrate the role of informatics approaches in the feasibility assessment of capturing real-world data using unique device identifiers that are fit for purpose for label extensions for 2 cardiac ablation catheters from the electronic health records and other health information technology systems in a multicenter evaluation. Findings demonstrated that the informatics approaches can be feasibly used to capture safety and effectiveness outcomes in real-world data for use in medical device studies supporting label extensions.
AHRQ-funded; HS022882; HS025164.
Citation:
Jiang G, Dhruva SS, Chen J .
Feasibility of capturing real-world data from health information technology systems at multiple centers to assess cardiac ablation device outcomes: a fit-for-purpose informatics analysis report.
https://www.pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34313748.
Keywords:
Health Information Technology (HIT), Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
Kwee Wong, LL Sato, MM
Transarterial radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with major vascular invasion: a nationwide propensity score-matched analysis with target trial emulation.
This study’s objective was to compare overall survival (OS) rates for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with major vascular invasion (HCC-MVI) for patients undergoing either transarterial radioembolization (TARE) or systemic therapy. The National Cancer Database was used to identify 1,514 patients with HCC-MVI. TARE use had doubled between 2010 and 2015. OS was compared for the two treatments and TARE was found to be associated with significant survival benefits compared with systemic therapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS023185.
Citation:
Kwee Wong, LL Sato, MM .
Transarterial radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with major vascular invasion: a nationwide propensity score-matched analysis with target trial emulation.
J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021 Sep;32(9):1258-66.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.07.001..
Keywords:
Cancer, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Fredericksen RJ, Harding BN, Ruderman SA
Patient acceptability and usability of a self-administered electronic patient-reported outcome assessment in HIV care: relationship with health behaviors and outcomes.
The authors assessed acceptability/usability of tablet-based patient-reported outcome (PRO) assessments among patients in HIV care and relationships with health outcomes using a modified Acceptability E-Scale (AES) within a self-administered PRO assessment. They found that higher acceptability was associated with better quality of life and adherence while lower acceptability was associated with higher depression symptoms, recent illicit opioid use, and multiple recent sex partners. While patients endorsing depression symptoms, recent opioid use, sex without condoms, or multiple sex partners found PROs less acceptable, overall, patients found the assessments highly acceptable and easy to use.
AHRQ-funded; HS026154.
Citation:
Fredericksen RJ, Harding BN, Ruderman SA .
Patient acceptability and usability of a self-administered electronic patient-reported outcome assessment in HIV care: relationship with health behaviors and outcomes.
AIDS Care 2021 Sep;33(9):1167-77. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1845288..
Keywords:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Quality of Life, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Chronic Conditions
Garsa A, Jang JK, Baxi S
Radiation therapy for brain metastases: a systematic review.
This systematic review synthesizes the available evidence on radiation therapy for brain metastases. A literature search was conducted using the major medical databases and included randomized controlled trials and large observational studies which evaluated whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone or in combination as initial or postoperative treatment, with or without systemic therapy for adults with brain metastases due to lung cancer, breast cancer, or melanoma. No statistically significant difference in overall survival was found with a combination of SRS plus WBRT compared with SRS alone or WBRT alone. Radiation therapy after surgery did not improve overall survival compared with surgery alone. WBRT plus systemic therapy was associated with increased risks for vomiting compared with WBRT alone. There was not enough data on patient-relevant outcomes such as quality of life, functional status, and cognitive effects.
AHRQ-funded; 290201500010I.
Citation:
Garsa A, Jang JK, Baxi S .
Radiation therapy for brain metastases: a systematic review.
Pract Radiat Oncol 2021 Sep-Oct;11(5):354-65. doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2021.04.002..
Keywords:
Cancer, Surgery, Treatments, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Howard R, Johnson E, Berlin NL
Hospital and surgeon variation in 30-day complication rates after ventral hernia repair.
Researchers analyzed variability in 30-day complication rates and identified specific complications that contributed to this variability after ventral hernia repair. They found that, after adjusting for a number of patient-specific clinical variables, there was significant variation in 30-day complication rates after ventral hernia repair, representing a significant opportunity to improve patient outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025778.
Citation:
Howard R, Johnson E, Berlin NL .
Hospital and surgeon variation in 30-day complication rates after ventral hernia repair.
Am J Surg 2021 Aug;222(2):417-23. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.12.021..
Keywords:
Surgery, Adverse Events, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Silverberg JI, Lai Cella, D D
Reliability and meaningful change of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System(®) Itch Questionnaire (PIQ) item banks in adults with atopic dermatitis.
The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Itch Questionnaire (PIQ), includes a suite of patient-reported outcome measures to assess the burden of itch in adults. In this study, the investigators sought to determine the smallest detectable change (SDC), threshold for meaningful improvement and test–retest reliability of PIQ item banks for assessing the burden of itch in adult AD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation:
Silverberg JI, Lai Cella, D D .
Reliability and meaningful change of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System(®) Itch Questionnaire (PIQ) item banks in adults with atopic dermatitis.
Br J Dermatol 2021 Aug;185(2):438-39. doi: 10.1111/bjd.20066..
Keywords:
Skin Conditions, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
