National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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Topics
- Children/Adolescents (3)
- COVID-19 (1)
- Elderly (1)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (2)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 5 of 5 Research Studies DisplayedAdams C, Chamberlain A, Wang Y
The role of staff in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in long-term care facilities.
The purpose of this study was to assess the role of long-term care facility (LTCF) staff in transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. From March 2020 to September the researchers evaluated residents and staff of 60 LTCFs in Georgia. The study found that after vaccines were first distributed to LTCFs in December 202, case counts, outbreak size and duration, and time-varying reproduction number [R(t)] declined rapidly. Staff cases were six times more infectious than resident cases, and unvaccinated resident cases were more infectious than vaccinated resident cases. The researchers concluded that staff were the primary drivers of COVID-19 transmission in LTCFs and vaccines slowed the transmission of the virus and contributed to a reduction in cases in LTCFs.
AHRQ-funded; HS025987.
Citation: Adams C, Chamberlain A, Wang Y .
The role of staff in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in long-term care facilities.
Epidemiology 2022 Sep 1;33(5):669-77. doi: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001510..
Keywords: COVID-19, Respiratory Conditions, Long-Term Care, Public Health
Burgermaster M, Murray M, Saiman L
Associations between enteral nutrition and acute respiratory infection among patients in New York metropolitan region pediatric long-term care facilities.
This study investigated the outcomes of children and a subsample of infants in pediatric long-term care facilities are need enteral nutrition (EN). Those patients who need EN had a higher risk of acute pediatric infection (ARI) and a lower odds of discharge than those who did not. Infants had a particular higher risk of comorbidities and infections when they were fed using percutaneous feeding tubes.
AHRQ-funded; HS021470.
Citation: Burgermaster M, Murray M, Saiman L .
Associations between enteral nutrition and acute respiratory infection among patients in New York metropolitan region pediatric long-term care facilities.
Nutr Clin Pract 2018 Dec;33(6):865-71. doi: 10.1002/ncp.10017..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Nutrition, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Patient Safety, Respiratory Conditions, Long-Term Care
Makam AN, Nguyen OK, Xuan L
Long-term acute care hospital use of non-mechanically ventilated hospitalized older adults.
In this observational cohort study, the investigators sought to determine why non-mechanically ventilated hospitalized older adults are transferred to long-term acute care (LTAC) hospitals rather than remaining in the hospital. The authors found that nearly half of the variation in LTAC use is independent of illness severity and is explained by which hospital and what region the individual was hospitalized in.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Makam AN, Nguyen OK, Xuan L .
Long-term acute care hospital use of non-mechanically ventilated hospitalized older adults.
J Am Geriatr Soc 2018 Nov;66(11):2112-19. doi: 10.1111/jgs.15564..
Keywords: Elderly, Hospitalization, Long-Term Care, Respiratory Conditions
Murray MT, Heitkempber E, Jackson O
Direct costs of acute respiratory infections in a pediatric long-term care facility.
Acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) are a major burden in pediatric long-term care. The researchers analyzed the financial impact of ARI in 2012-2013. Costs associated with ARI during the respiratory viral season were ten times greater than during the non-respiratory viral season, $31,224 and $3,242 per 1000 patient-days, respectively.
AHRQ-funded; HS021470.
Citation: Murray MT, Heitkempber E, Jackson O .
Direct costs of acute respiratory infections in a pediatric long-term care facility.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2016 Jan;10(1):34-6. doi: 10.1111/irv.12350.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Respiratory Conditions, Long-Term Care, Healthcare Costs, Children/Adolescents
Muray MT, Jackson O, Cohen B
Impact of infection prevention and control initiatives on acute respiratory infections in a pediatric long-term care facility.
Researchers evaluated the collective impact of several infection prevention and control initiatives aimed at reducing acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in a pediatric long-term care facility. ARIs did not decrease overall, though the proportion of infections associated with outbreaks and average number of cases per outbreak decreased. Influenza rates decreased significantly.
AHRQ-funded; HS021470.
Citation: Muray MT, Jackson O, Cohen B .
Impact of infection prevention and control initiatives on acute respiratory infections in a pediatric long-term care facility.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016 Jul;37(7):859-62. doi: 10.1017/ice.2016.73.
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Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Children/Adolescents, Long-Term Care, Prevention, Respiratory Conditions