National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
26 to 50 of 78 Research Studies DisplayedLyson HC, Le GM, Zhang J
Social media as a tool to promote health awareness: results from an online cervical cancer prevention study.
In this study, the authors investigated whether participation in an online social media platform and receipt of brief, tailored messages was effective at increasing knowledge, awareness, and prevention behaviors related to human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer. The investigators found that although most study participants had substantial knowledge, awareness, and engagement in positive behaviors related to cervical cancer prevention at the start of the study, HPV awareness could be increased through brief participation in an online social media platform and receipt of tailored health messages.
AHRQ-funded; HS022241.
Citation: Lyson HC, Le GM, Zhang J .
Social media as a tool to promote health awareness: results from an online cervical cancer prevention study.
J Cancer Educ 2019 Aug;34(4):819-22. doi: 10.1007/s13187-018-1379-8..
Keywords: Social Media, Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer, Health Promotion, Prevention
Ye L, Owens RL, Dykes P
Individualized sleep promotion in acute care hospitals: Identifying factors that affect patient sleep.
The aim of this study was develop a tool that can be used to measure factors that affect patient sleep in acute care hospitals. A tool called Factors Affected Inpatient Sleep (FAIS) was developed using literature review and was validated by content validity testing. The scale was tested on 105 hospitalized patients and the most significant sleep disruptors were identified. The final FAIS scale included 14 items in three subscales. The biggest factors for sleep disruption included 1) emotional or physical impairment due to illness or hospitalization; 2) sleep disturbance due to discomfort of their care plan schedule; and 3) sleep interruption due to the hospital environment or medical care. The reliability of the scale was measured at 0.87 with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and reliability of the subscales ranged from 0.72 to 0.81.
AHRQ-funded; HS024330.
Citation: Ye L, Owens RL, Dykes P .
Individualized sleep promotion in acute care hospitals: Identifying factors that affect patient sleep.
Appl Nurs Res 2019 Aug;48:63-67. doi: 10.1016/j.apnr.2019.05.006..
Keywords: Health Promotion, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Inpatient Care, Sleep Problems
Chu KH, Colditz J, Malik M
Identifying key target audiences for public health campaigns: leveraging machine learning in the case of hookah tobacco smoking.
Current social media platforms provide researchers with opportunities to better identify and target specific audiences and even individuals. However, the investigators were not aware of systematic research attempting to identify audiences with mixed or ambivalent views toward hookah tobacco smoking (HTS). The objective of their study was to (1) confirm previous research showing positively skewed HTS sentiment on Twitter using a larger dataset by leveraging machine learning techniques and (2) systematically identify individuals who exhibit mixed opinions about HTS via the Twitter platform and therefore represent key audiences for intervention.
AHRQ-funded; HS022989.
Citation: Chu KH, Colditz J, Malik M .
Identifying key target audiences for public health campaigns: leveraging machine learning in the case of hookah tobacco smoking.
J Med Internet Res 2019 Jul 8;21(7):e12443. doi: 10.2196/12443..
Keywords: Health Promotion, Public Health, Social Media, Tobacco Use, Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation
Brown SD, Fotuhi O, Grijalva CS
A randomized study of values affirmation to promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes.
The purpose of this study was to test whether two interventions promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. The researchers designed an email outreach message incorporating ‘values affirmation,’ a theory-based intervention, and promoting an existing preventive lifestyle program. Selected patients were randomized to read an outreach message containing either no affirmation (control) or 1 of 2 affirmations. Results showed that participants randomized to the values affirmation more frequently demonstrated interest in the lifestyle program and sought information about diabetes prevention, while the parenting affirmation yielded no significant differences in either outcome.
AHRQ-funded; HS019367.
Citation: Brown SD, Fotuhi O, Grijalva CS .
A randomized study of values affirmation to promote interest in diabetes prevention among women with a history of gestational diabetes.
Med Care 2019 Jul;57(7):528-35. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001133..
Keywords: Diabetes, Chronic Conditions, Pregnancy, Women, Health Promotion, Prevention, Lifestyle Changes
Payan DD, Florez KR, Bogart LM
Promoting health from the pulpit: a process evaluation of HIV sermons to reduce HIV stigma and promote testing in African American and Latino churches.
This study explored implementation of an HIV sermon as part of a multi-component intervention in three churches (Latino Catholic, Latino Pentecostal, and African American Baptist) in high HIV prevalence areas of Los Angeles County, California. The investigators found large variation in fidelity to communicating key HIV messages from the sermon guide. They concluded that structured training of clergy may be necessary to implement the more theoretically driven stigma reduction cues included in the sermon guide.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Payan DD, Florez KR, Bogart LM .
Promoting health from the pulpit: a process evaluation of HIV sermons to reduce HIV stigma and promote testing in African American and Latino churches.
Health Commun 2019 Jan;34(1):11-20. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2017.1384352..
Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Social Stigma, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Diagnostic Safety and Quality, Health Promotion, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Communication, Prevention
Margolis MA, Brewer NT, Shah PD
Stories about HPV vaccine in social media, traditional media, and conversations.
To understand how stories from media and social interactions shape parents' HPV vaccination decisions, the authors sought to characterize parents' exposure to these stories, as well as associations between story exposure and vaccination behavior. They found that stories of HPV vaccine harms may be associated more strongly with vaccination behavior than stories of HPV vaccine preventable diseases. They recommended that communication campaigns consider strategies to elevate stories of preventable diseases in social and traditional media.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Margolis MA, Brewer NT, Shah PD .
Stories about HPV vaccine in social media, traditional media, and conversations.
Prev Med 2019 Jan;118:251-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.11.005..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Communication, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Infectious Diseases, Prevention, Sexual Health, Social Media, Vaccination
Renfro T, Johnson E, Lambert DN
The MEDIA model: an innovative method for digitizing and training community members to facilitate an HIV prevention intervention.
This article describes an effort to train lay community members within predominantly Black churches in Atlanta, GA, to implement an HIV-prevention intervention using digital media. Lay educators were trained by translating a face-to-face Training of Facilitators (TOF) to a digital platform using the MEDIA (Motivate-Engage-Digitize-Implement-Assess) model. The research team worked with topical experts and a production company to develop storyboards for core curriculum activities, which were scripted and filmed. A user guide, toolkit, and program website were also developed as supplemental materials to accompany the video training. The article concludes that creating digital media can be a time-consuming process, that pilot testing in the new format is necessary even for previously tested interventions, and that the structure provided by facilitators in face-to-face training must be embedded within the format of the digitized trainings.
AHRQ-funded; HS022059.
Citation: Renfro T, Johnson E, Lambert DN .
The MEDIA model: an innovative method for digitizing and training community members to facilitate an HIV prevention intervention.
Transl Behav Med 2018 Nov 21;8(6):815-23. doi: 10.1093/tbm/iby012..
Keywords: Health Promotion, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Women
Tung EL, Gunter KE, Bergeron NQ
Cross-sector collaboration in the high-poverty setting: qualitative results from a community-based diabetes intervention.
The purpose of this study was to characterize the motivations of stakeholders from diverse sectors who engaged in cross-sector collaboration with an academic medical center. The investigators identified several factors that motivated collaboration across diverse sectors with health care systems to promote health in a high-poverty, urban setting.
AHRQ-funded; HS023007.
Citation: Tung EL, Gunter KE, Bergeron NQ .
Cross-sector collaboration in the high-poverty setting: qualitative results from a community-based diabetes intervention.
Health Serv Res 2018 Oct;53(5):3416-36. doi: 10.1111/1475-6773.12824..
Keywords: Community-Based Practice, Diabetes, Health Promotion
Connor KA, Duran G, Faiz-Nassar M
Feasibility of implementing group well baby/well woman dyad care at federally qualified health centers.
The aim of this qualitative study was to assess stakeholder perspectives on the feasibility of implementing Centering Parenting (CP) in federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) in Baltimore. The investigators concluded that perceptions regarding facilitators and barriers to CP implementation in FQHCs were similar to existing group well-child care literature; however the benefit of emphasis on maternal wellness was a unique finding. The investigators suggested that a maternal wellness integration might make CP a particularly desirable model for implementation at FQHCs, but potential systems barriers must be addressed.
AHRQ-funded; HS017596.
Citation: Connor KA, Duran G, Faiz-Nassar M .
Feasibility of implementing group well baby/well woman dyad care at federally qualified health centers.
Acad Pediatr 2018 Jul;18(5):510-15. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2017.09.011..
Keywords: Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Healthcare Delivery, Maternal Care, Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy, Women
Gilbert AL, Lee J, Ehrlich-Jones L
A randomized trial of a motivational interviewing intervention to increase lifestyle physical activity and improve self-reported function in adults with arthritis.
In this study, the investigators evaluated the effect of a motivational interviewing-based lifestyle physical activity intervention on self-reported physical function in adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). They found that participants with KOA receiving the lifestyle intervention experienced modest improvement in self-reported function and a trend toward improved pain compared to controls; there was no intervention effect for RA participants.
AHRQ-funded; HS023011.
Citation: Gilbert AL, Lee J, Ehrlich-Jones L .
A randomized trial of a motivational interviewing intervention to increase lifestyle physical activity and improve self-reported function in adults with arthritis.
Semin Arthritis Rheum 2018 Apr;47(5):732-40. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2017.10.003..
Keywords: Arthritis, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Arthritis
Sun CJ, Sutfin E, Bachmann LH
Comparing men who have sex with men and transgender women who use Grindr, other similar social and sexual networking apps, or no social and sexual networking apps: implications for recruitment and health promotion.
This paper seeks to identify differences in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women who use the Grindr app and those who use other similar apps. It found significant differences in the sociodemographic characteristics by app use, including age, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and outness. After adjusting for the sociodemographic characteristics associated with app use, there were significant differences in HIV risk and substance use between the groups.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Sun CJ, Sutfin E, Bachmann LH .
Comparing men who have sex with men and transgender women who use Grindr, other similar social and sexual networking apps, or no social and sexual networking apps: implications for recruitment and health promotion.
J AIDS Clin Res 2018;9(2). doi: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000757.
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Keywords: Health Promotion, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Risk, Social Determinants of Health, Vulnerable Populations
Davis MM, Freeman M, Shannon J
A systematic review of clinic and community intervention to increase fecal testing for colorectal cancer in rural and low-income populations in the United States - how, what and when?
Researchers conducted this systematic review to determine how implementation strategies and contextual factors influenced the uptake of interventions to increase fecal testing for colorectal cancer in rural and low-income populations. They found that provision of kits through the mail, use of pre-addressed stamped envelopes, client reminders and in-clinic distribution appeared most frequently in the highly effective/effective clinic-based study arms. Few studies described contextual factors or implementation strategies.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Davis MM, Freeman M, Shannon J .
A systematic review of clinic and community intervention to increase fecal testing for colorectal cancer in rural and low-income populations in the United States - how, what and when?
BMC Cancer 2018 Jan 6;18(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3813-4.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Health Promotion, Low-Income, Rural Health, Screening
Raffo JE, Lloyd C, Collier M
Defining the role of the community health worker within a federal healthy start care coordination team.
The Strong Beginnings program worked to define community health worker (CHW) interventions, a core service of the program to improve maternal and child health. The workgroup identified seven core functions and 28 maternal and child health risk topics to be addressed by the CHW. The process resulted in a detailed document of program interventions that the CHWs use to guide care.
AHRQ-funded; HS020208.
Citation: Raffo JE, Lloyd C, Collier M .
Defining the role of the community health worker within a federal healthy start care coordination team.
Matern Child Health J 2017 Dec;21(Suppl 1):93-100. doi: 10.1007/s10995-017-2379-8.
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Keywords: Care Coordination, Children/Adolescents, Health Promotion, Health Services Research (HSR), Maternal Care
Zieve GG, Richardson LP, Katzman K
Adolescents' perspectives on personalized e-feedback in the context of health risk behavior screening for primary care: Qualitative study.
The aim of this study was to explore youth perceptions of and preferences for receiving personalized feedback for multiple health risk behaviors and reinforcement for health promoting behaviors from an electronic health screening tool for primary care settings, using qualitative methodology. Overall, the tool was well-received by participants who perceived it as a way to enhance-but not replace-their interactions with providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS023383.
Citation: Zieve GG, Richardson LP, Katzman K .
Adolescents' perspectives on personalized e-feedback in the context of health risk behavior screening for primary care: Qualitative study.
J Med Internet Res 2017 Jul 20;19(7):e261. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7474.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Promotion, Primary Care, Screening
Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
The researchers systematically reviewed the evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults without known cardiovascular risk factors to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Diet and physical activity behavioral interventions were found to result in consistent modest benefits across a variety of important intermediate health outcomes across 6 to 12 months, including blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels, and adiposity.
AHRQ-funded; 290201200015I.
Citation: Patnode CD, Evans CV, Senger CA .
Behavioral counseling to promote a healthful diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without known cardiovascular disease risk factors: updated evidence report and systematic review for the USPSTF
JAMA 2017 Jul 11;318(2):175-93. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.3303.
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Keywords: Behavioral Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Evidence-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Nutrition, Prevention, Risk, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Payan DD, Sloane DC, Illum J
Catalyzing implementation of evidence-based interventions in safety net settings: a clinical-community partnership in South Los Angeles.
This study was a process evaluation of a clinical-community partnership that implemented evidence-based interventions in clinical safety net settings. Key participants and health care providers, involved in the study, expressed a high level of satisfaction with the collaborative and the interventions, respectively. The authors provide key lessons learned for researchers and practitioners interested in partnering with Federally Qualified Health Centers to implement health promotion interventions.
AHRQ-funded; HS000046.
Citation: Payan DD, Sloane DC, Illum J .
Catalyzing implementation of evidence-based interventions in safety net settings: a clinical-community partnership in South Los Angeles.
Health Promot Pract 2017 Jul;18(4):586-97. doi: 10.1177/1524839917705418.
Keywords: Community Partnerships, Health Promotion, Evidence-Based Practice, Vulnerable Populations, Implementation
Pisu M, Demark-Wahnefried W, Kenzik KM
A dance intervention for cancer survivors and their partners (RHYTHM).
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of a ballroom dance intervention on improving quality of life (QOL) and relationship outcomes in cancer survivors and their partners. It found that survivors saw this light-intensity physical activity as easing them into becoming more physically active. Light intensity ballroom dancing has the potential to improve cancer survivors' QOL.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Pisu M, Demark-Wahnefried W, Kenzik KM .
A dance intervention for cancer survivors and their partners (RHYTHM).
J Cancer Surviv 2017 Jun;11(3):350-59. doi: 10.1007/s11764-016-0593-9.
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Keywords: Cancer, Health Promotion, Quality of Life
Brown T, Goldman SN, Persell SD
Development and evaluation of a patient education video promoting pneumococcal vaccination.
The researchers aimed to develop and refine a patient education video about pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (PPSV23) and to assess patient perceptions regarding video content and receipt of video during a clinic visit. They found that focus group participants had positive reactions to the video but suggested reducing the intensity of messages about pneumonia severity. Participants shown the revised video during a clinic visit perceived it to be easy to understand and informative.
AHRQ-funded; HS021141.
Citation: Brown T, Goldman SN, Persell SD .
Development and evaluation of a patient education video promoting pneumococcal vaccination.
Patient Educ Couns 2017 May;100(5):1024-27. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.12.025.
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Keywords: Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Promotion, Pneumonia, Vaccination
Burgette JM, Preisser JS, Jr., Weinberger M
Impact of early head start in North Carolina on dental care use among children younger than 3 years.
The researchers examined the effects of North Carolina Early Head Start (EHS), an early education program for low-income children younger than 3 years and their families, on dental care use among children. They concluded that EHS participation increases dental care use among disadvantaged young children.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Burgette JM, Preisser JS, Jr., Weinberger M .
Impact of early head start in North Carolina on dental care use among children younger than 3 years.
Am J Public Health 2017 Apr;107(4):614-20. doi: 10.2105/ajph.2016.303621.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Dental and Oral Health, Access to Care, Health Promotion, Low-Income
Fiechtner L, Cheng ER, Lopez G
Multilevel correlates of healthy BMI maintenance and return to a healthy BMI among children in Massachusetts.
This study examined predictors of healthy BMI maintenance (HBM) or return to a healthy BMI (RHB) among children. It found that racial/ethnic minorities had lower odds of HBM and RHB than non-Hispanic white children. Higher neighborhood median household income, proximity to a supermarket, and access to more open recreational space were associated with a higher odds of HBM.
AHRQ-funded; HS024332; HS022986.
Citation: Fiechtner L, Cheng ER, Lopez G .
Multilevel correlates of healthy BMI maintenance and return to a healthy BMI among children in Massachusetts.
Child Obes 2017 Apr;13(2):146-53. doi: 10.1089/chi.2016.0261.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Promotion, Obesity, Social Determinants of Health
Baldwin AS, Denman DC, Sala M
Translating self-persuasion into an adolescent HPV vaccine promotion intervention for parents attending safety-net clinics.
Researchers developed a tablet-based application (in English and Spanish) to elicit parental self-persuasion for adolescent HPV vaccination and evaluated its feasibility in a safety-net population. They found that the self-persuasion application was feasible and resulted in a change in parents' decision stage. Future studies can now test the efficacy of the tablet-based application on HPV vaccination.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Baldwin AS, Denman DC, Sala M .
Translating self-persuasion into an adolescent HPV vaccine promotion intervention for parents attending safety-net clinics.
Patient Educ Couns 2017 Apr;100(4):736-41. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2016.11.014.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Health Promotion, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Sexual Health, Prevention
Singal AG, Tiro JA, Marrero JA
Mailed outreach program increases ultrasound screening of patients with cirrhosis for hepatocellular carcinoma.
The researchers compared effectiveness of mailed outreach strategies, with and without patient navigation, in increasing the numbers of patients with cirrhosis undergoing surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a racially diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged cohort. They found outreach strategies to double the percentage of patients with cirrhosis who underwent ultrasound screening for HCC. However, adding patient navigation to telephone reminders provided no significant additional benefit.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Singal AG, Tiro JA, Marrero JA .
Mailed outreach program increases ultrasound screening of patients with cirrhosis for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Gastroenterology 2017 Feb;152(3):608-15.e4. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.042.
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Keywords: Cancer, Health Promotion, Patient and Family Engagement, Screening
Fontil V, McDermott K, Tieu L
Adaptation and feasibility study of a digital health program to prevent diabetes among low-income patients: results from a partnership between a digital health company and an academic research team.
Researchers collaborated with a digital health company to adapt a diabetes prevention program for low-income prediabetes patients at a large safety net clinic. They concluded that underserved prediabetic patients displayed high engagement and satisfaction with a digital diabetes prevention program despite lower digital literacy skills. The collaboration between researchers and a digital health company enabled iterative improvements in technology implementation to address challenges in low-income populations.
AHRQ-funded; HS022408.
Citation: Fontil V, McDermott K, Tieu L .
Adaptation and feasibility study of a digital health program to prevent diabetes among low-income patients: results from a partnership between a digital health company and an academic research team.
J Diabetes Res 2016;2016:8472391. doi: 10.1155/2016/8472391.
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Keywords: Diabetes, Health Information Technology (HIT), Low-Income, Prevention, Health Promotion
Naslund JA, Aschbrenner KA, Bartels SJ
How people with serious mental illness use smartphones, mobile apps, and social media.
The researchers surveyed individuals with serious mental illness to explore their use of mobile devices or whether they access social media. Among respondents (n = 70), 93 percent owned cellphones, 78 percent used text messaging, 50 percent owned smartphones, and 71 percent used social media such as Facebook. Most respondents reported daily use of text messaging, mobile apps, and social media.
AHRQ-funded; HS021695.
Citation: Naslund JA, Aschbrenner KA, Bartels SJ .
How people with serious mental illness use smartphones, mobile apps, and social media.
Psychiatr Rehabil J 2016 Dec;39(4):364-67. doi: 10.1037/prj0000207.
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Keywords: Communication, Community-Based Practice, Health Promotion, Behavioral Health, Social Media
Oreskovic NM, Fletcher R, Sharifi M
Design and rationale of the STRIVE trial to improve cardiometabolic health among children and families.
The researchers described the design and rationale for the Study for using Technology to Reach Individual Excellence (STRIVE), which incorporates patient-generated mobile health technology (mHealth) data on health behaviors and provides clinical recommendations to help manage cardiometabolic risk and disease (CMRD) among at-risk families. They concluded that the STRIVE trial will test the use of mHealth to improve health behaviors among families at-risk for or with established CMRD.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986; HS024001.
Citation: Oreskovic NM, Fletcher R, Sharifi M .
Design and rationale of the STRIVE trial to improve cardiometabolic health among children and families.
Contemp Clin Trials 2016 Jul;49:149-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.07.012.
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Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Family Health and History, Health Promotion, Lifestyle Changes, Telehealth