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- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (1)
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 12 of 12 Research Studies DisplayedMartin BA, Breslow RM, Sims A
Identifying over-the-counter information to prioritize for the purpose of reducing adverse drug reactions in older adults: a national survey of pharmacists.
This study’s objective was to determine which information on over-the-counter (OTC) Drug Facts Labels (DFS) is most critical in reducing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among older adults and should be placed in front of the label. A national survey of practicing pharmacists knowledgeable about OTC medication use by older adults asked respondents to rank order the importance of the DFL sections to reduce ADRs. A total of 318 responses were analyzed. There was high consensus that uses and purposes, active ingredient, warnings, and directions for use were the most important sections on the label. Two specific warnings “Do not use” and “Ask a doctor or pharmacist” were deemed most important in the warnings section.
AHRQ-funded; HS025386.
Citation: Martin BA, Breslow RM, Sims A .
Identifying over-the-counter information to prioritize for the purpose of reducing adverse drug reactions in older adults: a national survey of pharmacists.
J Am Pharm Assoc 2022 Jan-Feb;62(1):167-75.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2021.08.019..
Keywords: Elderly, Medication: Safety, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Health Literacy, Education: Patient and Caregiver
Dos Santos Marques IC, Theiss LM, Baker SJ
Low health literacy exists in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population and is disproportionately prevalent in older African Americans.
This study assessed the prevalence of low health literacy rates among adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a diverse population and identified risk factors for low health literacy. IBD patients at a single institution from November 2017 to May 2018 were assessed for health literacy using the Newest Vital Sign (NWS). Secondary outcomes were length-of-stay (LOS) and 30-day readmissions after surgery. There were 175 patients surveyed who were 59% female, 23% African Americans, 91% with Crohn’s disease, and mean age was 46. Overall the low health literacy rate was 24%, with African Americans having a higher prevalence (47.5%) versus 17.0% for white IBD patients. Low health literacy was associated with older age and African American race. There were no significant differences between LOS and readmissions rates by health literacy levels.
AHRQ-funded; HS023009.
Citation: Dos Santos Marques IC, Theiss LM, Baker SJ .
Low health literacy exists in the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) population and is disproportionately prevalent in older African Americans.
Crohns Colitis 360 2020 Oct;2(4). doi: 10.1093/crocol/otaa076..
Keywords: Elderly, Health Literacy, Digestive Disease and Health, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Chronic Conditions
Shah S, Gilson AM, Jacobson N
Understanding the factors influencing older adults' decision-making about their use of over-the-counter medications-a scenario-based approach.
The potential risks of over-the-counter (OTC) medications are often aggravated in vulnerable populations, such as older adults. The elevated patterns of older-adult OTC medication use do not necessarily translate into a greater understanding of these medications or their safety implications. The objective of this study was to assess how older adults' knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes informed their decision-making regarding OTC use.
AHRQ-funded; HS024490.
Citation: Shah S, Gilson AM, Jacobson N .
Understanding the factors influencing older adults' decision-making about their use of over-the-counter medications-a scenario-based approach.
Pharmacy 2020 Sep 18;8(3). doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8030175..
Keywords: Elderly, Decision Making, Medication, Medication: Safety, Patient Safety, Health Literacy
Davis SN, Wischhusen JW, Sutton SK
Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a community-based sample of older Black Americans.
This study examined the frequency of limited health literacy and demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a sample of older black Americans. The participants enrolled in a community-based intervention to promote colorectal cancer screening and completed baseline surveys that assessed their health literacy using the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine, Revised (REALM-R) test, CRC awareness, cancer fatalism, Preventive Health Model (PHM) constructs, and demographics. Findings showed that limited health literacy was associated with multiple complex factors. Recommendations include interventions to incorporate patient health literacy and low-literacy materials that can be delivered through multiple channels.
AHRQ-funded; HS026120.
Citation: Davis SN, Wischhusen JW, Sutton SK .
Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with limited health literacy in a community-based sample of older Black Americans.
Patient Educ Couns 2020 Feb;103(2):385-91. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2019.08.026..
Keywords: Health Literacy, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Elderly, Screening, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Prevention
Arcury TA, Sandberg JC, Melius KP
Older adult internet use and eHealth literacy.
In this study, the investigators examined Internet use and eHealth literacy among older adults (aged 55+ years) who were patients at clinics serving low-income populations. Participants included 200 minority and White adults who completed interviews based on a technology acceptance conceptual model. The investigators found that in multivariate analysis, computer stress maintained a significant inverse association with eHealth literacy.
AHRQ-funded; HS021679.
Citation: Arcury TA, Sandberg JC, Melius KP .
Older adult internet use and eHealth literacy.
J Appl Gerontol 2020 Feb;39(2):141-50. doi: 10.1177/0733464818807468..
Keywords: Elderly, Health Literacy, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Palmer JA, Parker VA, Barre LR
Understanding implementation fidelity in a pragmatic randomized clinical trial in the nursing home setting:a mixed-methods examination.
This randomized clinical trial called Pragmatic Trial of Video Education in Nursing Homes (PROVEN) was one of the largest trials to be conducted in nursing homes on education of residents in Advanced Care Planning (ACP). The trial used videos with champions promoting ACP education across two large health-care systems. The trial length was 18 months, with champions offering video education to the residents every six months. At the end of the study 28 interviews involving 33 champions were analyzed. The researchers found different patterns between high- and low-adherence nursing homes. High-adherence nursing homes had more family and patient willingness to engage in the program and champions were better at recruitment. Champions also supplemented the video with ACP conversations.
AHRQ-funded; HS000011.
Citation: Palmer JA, Parker VA, Barre LR .
Understanding implementation fidelity in a pragmatic randomized clinical trial in the nursing home setting:a mixed-methods examination.
Trials 2019 Nov 28;20(1):656. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3725-5..
Keywords: Nursing Homes, Long-Term Care, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy, Patient and Family Engagement, Elderly
Turner AM, Osterhage KP, Taylor JO, et al.
A closer look at health information seeking by older adults and involved family and friends: design considerations for health information technologies.
Older adults are the largest consumers of healthcare. As part of a broader study of personal health information management (PHIM), the investigators interviewed older adults in King County, Washington, and their involved family and friends (FF), regarding health information (HI) sources they seek and utilize. The authors indicated that design considerations include: facilitating access to quality provider-vetted HI, incorporating older adults and FF in the design process, and creating shared spaces for communication of HI among older adults, FF, and providers.
AHRQ-funded; HS022106.
Citation: Turner AM, Osterhage KP, Taylor JO, et al..
A closer look at health information seeking by older adults and involved family and friends: design considerations for health information technologies.
AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2018 Dec 5;2018:1036-45..
Keywords: Elderly, Health Information Technology (HIT), Caregiving, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy
Morrow D, Hasegawa-Johnson M, Huang T
A multidisciplinary approach to designing and evaluating electronic medical record portal messages that support patient self-care.
The authors describe a project intended to improve the use of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) patient portal information by older adults with diverse numeracy and literacy abilities, so that portals can better support patient-centered care. Their approach combines quantitative measures, as well as experimental and individual difference methods in order to investigate which formats are more effective, and whether some formats benefit some types of patients more than others.
AHRQ-funded; HS022948.
Citation: Morrow D, Hasegawa-Johnson M, Huang T .
A multidisciplinary approach to designing and evaluating electronic medical record portal messages that support patient self-care.
J Biomed Inform 2017 May;69:63-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2017.03.015.
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Keywords: Elderly, Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Health Literacy, Patient Self-Management, Web-Based
Fink A, Beck JC
Developing and evaluating a website to guide older adults in their health information searches: a mixed-methods approach.
This mixed-methods study developed and evaluated an online program to improve older adults’ skills in identifying high-quality web-based health information. It found that experimental participants assigned significantly higher ratings of usability and learning to the new site than controls did to their tutorial although no differences were found in self-efficacy or knowledge.
AHRQ-funded; HS019745.
Citation: Fink A, Beck JC .
Developing and evaluating a website to guide older adults in their health information searches: a mixed-methods approach.
J Appl Gerontol 2015 Aug;34(5):633-51. doi: 10.1177/0733464813486961..
Keywords: Elderly, Web-Based, Health Information Technology (HIT), Health Literacy
Lyles CR, Sarkar U
Health literacy, vulnerable patients, and health information technology use: where do we go from here?
The authors comment on an article in the same issue that found only 32 percent of older adults used the Internet to get health information and only 10 percent of older adults with limited health literacy did so. They discuss its implications for the related issues of access, training, and perhaps most importantly, the usability of websites and other technology platforms.
AHRQ-funded; HS023558; HS022047.
Citation: Lyles CR, Sarkar U .
Health literacy, vulnerable patients, and health information technology use: where do we go from here?
J Gen Intern Med 2015 Mar;30(3):271-2. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-3166-5..
Keywords: Health Literacy, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Elderly, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Albrecht JS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hirshon JM
Hospital discharge instructions: comprehension and compliance among older adults.
The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to quantify the prevalence of non-comprehension and non-compliance with discharge instructions and to identify associated patient characteristics. The investigators concluded that non-comprehension of discharge instructions among older adults was prevalent, multi-factorial, and varies by domain.
AHRQ-funded; HS021068.
Citation: Albrecht JS, Gruber-Baldini AL, Hirshon JM .
Hospital discharge instructions: comprehension and compliance among older adults.
J Gen Intern Med 2014 Nov;29(11):1491-8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-2956-0..
Keywords: Elderly, Health Literacy, Hospital Discharge, Patient Adherence/Compliance
Robertson J, Farris KB, Schultz SK
Older adults' views about "Managing Your Medications" booklet.
The objective of the study was to evaluate the Managing Your Medications (MYM) booklet to improve medication management. Older adults reported it was comprehensible and 17 percent reported behavioral intentions to change their current actions regarding medications. Overall, 12.7 percent of respondents agreed that MYM changed their opinion of the topic. The most popular means to dis¬seminate were doctors’ offices and senior citizens’ centers.
AHRQ-funded; HS016094.
Citation: Robertson J, Farris KB, Schultz SK .
Older adults' views about "Managing Your Medications" booklet.
J Appl Gerontol 2013 Apr;32(3):370-82. doi: 10.1177/0733464811421910..
Keywords: Elderly, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy, Medication