National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 6 of 6 Research Studies DisplayedLake ET, Staiger D, Smith JG
The association of missed nursing care with very low birthweight infant outcomes.
This study examined the association of missed nursing care and health outcomes of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). The authors used 2016 hospital administrative discharge abstracts for VLBW newborns (n = 7,595) and NICU registered nurse survey responses (n = 6,963) from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. Mortality, morbidity, and length of stay (LOS) was examined in 190 sample hospitals from 19 states in all regions. There was a significant association between higher odds of bloodstream infection and longer LOS, but not mortality or severe intraventricular hemorrhage and missed nursing care.
AHRQ-funded; HS024918.
Citation: Lake ET, Staiger D, Smith JG .
The association of missed nursing care with very low birthweight infant outcomes.
Med Care Res Rev 2023 Jun; 80(3):293-302. doi: 10.1177/10775587221150950..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Quality Indicators (QIs), Nursing, Newborns/Infants, Outcomes, Healthcare Utilization, Quality of Care
Wu AJ, Du N, Chen TY
Sociodemographic differences of hospitalization and associations of resource utilization for failure to thrive.
The objective of this study was to examine sociodemographic differences between elective and nonelective admissions for failure to thrive. Researchers investigated associations between admission type and hospital resource utilization, including length of stay and feeding tube placement. The study included data on children less than 2 years old with failure to thrive in the Kids' Inpatient Database. The findings showed differences by race and ethnicity, income, and insurance type, among other factors. Nonelective admissions had higher proportions of infants who were Black, Hispanic, and of lower-income, and were associated with longer lengths of stay. The researchers concluded that future research is needed to elucidate drivers of these differences, particularly those related to racial and ethnic disparities and structural racism.
AHRQ-funded; HS000063.
Citation: Wu AJ, Du N, Chen TY .
Sociodemographic differences of hospitalization and associations of resource utilization for failure to thrive.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2023 Mar;76(3):385-89. doi: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003694.
Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Hospitalization, Healthcare Utilization, Children/Adolescents, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Low-Income
Rosenbloom J, Lewkowitz A, Sondgeroth K
Antenatal corticosteroid administration in late-preterm gestations: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether administration of antenatal late-preterm betamethasone was cost-effective in the immediate neonatal period. Cost-effectiveness analysis of late-preterm betamethasone administration with a time horizon of 7.5 days was conducted using a health-system perspective The investigators concluded that administration of betamethasone in the late-preterm period was likely not cost-effective in the short-term.
AHRQ-funded; HS022330.
Citation: Rosenbloom J, Lewkowitz A, Sondgeroth K .
Antenatal corticosteroid administration in late-preterm gestations: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020 Jun;33(12):2109-15. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1540582..
Keywords: Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Newborns/Infants, Pregnancy, Respiratory Conditions, Medication, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare Utilization
Coon ER, Stoddard G, Brady PW
Intensive care unit utilization after adoption of a ward-based high-flow nasal cannula protocol.
This study examined whether the adoption of ward-based high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) protocol in pediatric intensive care units (ICUs) reduced ICU utilization. This retrospective cohort study included infants aged 3 to 24 months hospitalized with bronchiolitis at hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System database. There was a 93% response rate with the 44 hospitals contacted for the survey, of which 18 were categorized as non-adopting hospitals and 12 were categorized as adopting hospitals. Ward-based HFNC protocol data were included from the 2010-2011 and 2015-2016 respiratory seasons. Early protocols were paradoxically associated with increased ICU utilization.
AHRQ-funded; HS023827.
Citation: Coon ER, Stoddard G, Brady PW .
Intensive care unit utilization after adoption of a ward-based high-flow nasal cannula protocol.
J Hosp Med 2020 Jun;15(6):325-30. doi: 10.12788/jhm.3417..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Respiratory Conditions, Healthcare Utilization, Newborns/Infants, Inpatient Care
Taylor WM, Lu Y, Wang S
Long-term healthcare utilization by Medicaid enrolled children with neonatal abstinence syndrome.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate healthcare utilization in Medicaid enrolled children with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in the first 2 years of life. The investigators concluded that a diagnosis of NAS did not appear to be an independent predictor of increased healthcare utilization in the first 2 years of life. They indicated that their results differed from some other published studies.
AHRQ-funded; HS022941.
Citation: Taylor WM, Lu Y, Wang S .
Long-term healthcare utilization by Medicaid enrolled children with neonatal abstinence syndrome.
J Pediatr 2020 Jun;221:55-63.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.02.077..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Healthcare Utilization, Medicaid, Newborns/Infants, Substance Abuse
Freedman S
Capacity and utilization in health care: the effect of empty beds on neonatal intensive care admission.
In this paper, the author exploited short-term variation in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) capacity that is unlikely to be correlated with unobserved demand determinants. He found that available NICU beds have little to no effect on NICU utilization for the sickest infants, but do increase utilization for those in the range of birth weights where admission decisions are likely to be more discretionary.
AHRQ-funded; HS018266.
Citation: Freedman S .
Capacity and utilization in health care: the effect of empty beds on neonatal intensive care admission.
Am Econ J Econ Policy 2016 May 1;8(2):154-85. doi: 10.1257/pol.20120393.
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Keywords: Newborns/Infants, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Healthcare Utilization, Critical Care, Decision Making