National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
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AHRQ Research Studies
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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
1 to 25 of 29 Research Studies DisplayedRao Rao, Akrobetu DJ, Dickert NW
Deciding whether to take sacubitril/valsartan: how cardiologists and patients discuss out-of-pocket costs.
The purpose of this study was to characterize patient-cardiologist discussions concerning out-of-pocket costs associated with sacubitril/valsartan during the early post-approval period. Researchers conducted a content analysis of 222 deidentified transcripts of audio-recorded outpatient encounters in which cardiologists and patients discussed whether to initiate, continue, or discontinue sacubitril/valsartan. Issues of cost occurred in nearly half the discussions, but the researchers note that cost conversations were generally superficial, rarely addressing affordability or cost-value judgments. Cardiologists frequently provided patients with free sacubitril/valsartan samples with no plan to address costs after the sample course ran out.
AHRQ-funded; HS026081.
Citation: Rao Rao, Akrobetu DJ, Dickert NW .
Deciding whether to take sacubitril/valsartan: how cardiologists and patients discuss out-of-pocket costs.
J Am Heart Assoc 2023 Apr 4; 12(7):e028278. doi: 10.1161/jaha.122.028278..
Keywords: Decision Making, Medication, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs
Likosky DS, Yang G, Zhang M
Interhospital variability in health care-associated infections and payments after durable ventricular assist device implant among Medicare beneficiaries.
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in durable ventricular assist device implantation infection rates and associated costs across hospitals. The researchers utilized clinical data for 8,688 patients who received primary durable ventricular assist devices from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (Intermacs) hospitals (n = 120) and merged that data with post-implantation 90-day Medicare claims. The primary outcome included infections within 90 days of implantation and Medicare payments. The study found that 27.8% of patients developed 3982 identified infections. The median adjusted incidence of infections (per 100 patient-months) across hospitals was 14.3 and differed according to hospital. Total Medicare payments from implantation to 90 days were 9.0% more in high versus low infection tercile hospitals. The researchers concluded that health-care-associated infection rates post durable ventricular assist device implantation varied according to hospital and were associated with increased 90-day Medicare expenditures.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Likosky DS, Yang G, Zhang M .
Interhospital variability in health care-associated infections and payments after durable ventricular assist device implant among Medicare beneficiaries.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022 Nov;164(5):1561-68. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.04.074..
Keywords: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medical Devices, Medicare, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Hospitals, Payment, Healthcare Costs
Kim KD, Funk RJ, Hou H
Association between care fragmentation and total spending after durable left ventricular device implant: a mediation analysis of health care-associated infections within a national Medicare-Society of Thoracic Surgeons INTERMACS linked dataset.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between care fragmentation and total spending for durable left ventricular assisted device (LVAD) implant, and whether this relationship is mediated by infections. The researchers developed a measure of care fragmentation based on the number of shared medical professionals providing care to 4,987 Medicare beneficiaries undergoing LVAD implantation. The study found that the indirect effect of care fragmentation, through infections, was positive and statistically significant. The researchers concluded that higher care fragmentation associated with durable LVAD implantation is related with a greater incidence of infections and higher Medicare beneficiary payments.
AHRQ-funded; HS026003.
Citation: Kim KD, Funk RJ, Hou H .
Association between care fragmentation and total spending after durable left ventricular device implant: a mediation analysis of health care-associated infections within a national Medicare-Society of Thoracic Surgeons INTERMACS linked dataset.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2022 Sep;15(9):e008592. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.121.008592..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Medicare, Medical Devices, Healthcare Delivery
Rao BR, Speight CD, Allen LA
Impact of financial considerations on willingness to take sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure.
This survey’s objective was to evaluate the impact of out-of-pocket costs and a novel cost-priming intervention on willingness to take sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, as these medications carry higher out-of-pocket costs relative to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. Participants with self-reported heart disease were surveyed using the online Ipsos Knowledge Panel. Participants were presented with a modified decision aid for sacubitril/valsartan and then, in a 3×2 factorial design, randomly assigned to 1 of 3 cost conditions ($10, $50, or $100/month) and to a control group or cost-priming intervention. Cost-priming intervention is defined by being asked questions about their financial situation before learning about the benefits of sacubitril/valsartan. Of the 1013 participants included in the analysis, 85% of respondents were willing to take sacubitril/valsartan at $10, 62% at $50, and 33% at $100. In a multivariable logistic regression model, participants were more likely to take sacubitril/valsartan at $10 versus $100 and $50 compared with $100. Overall, participants in the cost-primed group were more willing to take sacubitril/valsartan than those not primed to consider their financial situation (63% versus 56%), but there was no statistically significant interaction between cost conditions and cost priming. The perceived benefit of sacubitril/valsartan over angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers decreased as cost increased but did not vary by cost priming.
AHRQ-funded; HS026081.
Citation: Rao BR, Speight CD, Allen LA .
Impact of financial considerations on willingness to take sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure.
J Am Heart Assoc 2022 Jun;11(12):e023789. doi: 10.1161/jaha.121.023789.
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Medication, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions
Haddad DN, Shipe ME, Absi TS
Preparing for bundled payments: impact of complications post-coronary artery bypass grafting on costs.
This study examined the impact of complications on bundled payments for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for care provided from admission through 90 days post-discharge. The authors linked clinical and internal cost data for patients undergoing CABG from 2014 to 2017 at a single institution. They performed multivariable linear regression to evaluate drivers of high costs, adjusting for preoperative and intraoperative characteristics and postoperative complications. They reviewed records of 1789 patients undergoing CABG with an average of 2.7 vessels. A large proportion of patients were diabetic and obese. Factors associated with increased adjusted costs were preoperative renal failure, diabetes and body mass index, postoperative stroke, prolonged ventilation, rebleeding requiring reoperation, and renal failure with varying magnitude.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Haddad DN, Shipe ME, Absi TS .
Preparing for bundled payments: impact of complications post-coronary artery bypass grafting on costs.
Ann Thorac Surg 2021 Apr;111(4):1258-63. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.06.105..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Surgery, Adverse Events, Healthcare Costs, Payment
Gold HT, Siman N, Cuthel AM
A practice facilitation-guided intervention in primary care settings to reduce cardiovascular disease risk: a cost analysis.
In this randomized controlled trial, researchers estimated the associated cost of practice facilitation (PF) for guideline adoption in small, private primary care practices. They found that the PF strategy cost approximately $10,000 per practice per quarter for program and practice costs, once implemented and running at highest efficiency. They indicated that whether or not this program is worthwhile to the decision-maker depends on the relative costs and effectiveness of their other options for improving cardiovascular risk reduction.
AHRQ-funded; HS023922.
Citation: Gold HT, Siman N, Cuthel AM .
A practice facilitation-guided intervention in primary care settings to reduce cardiovascular disease risk: a cost analysis.
Implement Sci Commun 2021 Feb 6;2(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s43058-021-00116-x..
Keywords: Primary Care, Cardiovascular Conditions, Guidelines, Prevention, Evidence-Based Practice, Primary Care: Models of Care, Healthcare Costs
Bayliss WS, Bushnell CD, Halladay JR
The cost of implementing and sustaining the COMprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services model.
This study compares the outcomes of using the COMprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services (COMPASS) model, a transitional care intervention for stroke patients discharged to home against status quo postacute stroke care in a cluster-randomized trial in 40 hospitals in North Carolina. Hospital-level costs associated with implementing and sustaining COMPASS were examined during a 1-year period. Out of 40 hospitals, 22 hospitals were actively engaged in COMPASS. A 10% higher stroke patient volume was associated with 5.1% lower COMPASS costs per patient. About half of hospitals (N = 10) reported postacute clinic visits as their highest cost activity, while 7 hospitals reported case ascertainment as their highest cost activity. The authors estimated that based on average costs of COMPASS and readmissions, COMPASS could lower net costs if the model can prevent about 6 readmissions per year.
AHRQ-funded; HS025723.
Citation: Bayliss WS, Bushnell CD, Halladay JR .
The cost of implementing and sustaining the COMprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services model.
Med Care 2021 Feb;59(2):163-68. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001462..
Keywords: Stroke, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Mszar R, Grandhi GR, Valero-Elizondo J
Cumulative burden of financial hardship from medical bills across the spectrum of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among non-elderly adults in the United States.
This study looked at the rates of financial hardship from medical bills with non-elderly adults diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and diagnosed with and without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). ASCVD with DM accounts for approximately two-thirds of deaths in this patient population. Data from the National Health Interview Survey from 2013 to 2017 was used, with a total study population of 121,672 individuals. Approximately 3.1% of the population had ASCVD, 5.6% had DM, and 1.3% had both. Almost half of individuals with both conditions reported financial hardship from medical bills, with 23% unable to pay medical bills at all, compared to around 28% of those with neither ASCVD and DM reporting financial hardship with 8% being unable to pay at all.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Mszar R, Grandhi GR, Valero-Elizondo J .
Cumulative burden of financial hardship from medical bills across the spectrum of diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among non-elderly adults in the United States.
J Am Heart Assoc 2020 May 18;9(10):e015523. doi: 10.1161/jaha.119.015523..
Keywords: Diabetes, Cardiovascular Conditions, Chronic Conditions, Healthcare Costs
Wang Y, Eldridge N, Metersky ML
AHRQ Author: Eldridge N, Rodrick D
Association between Medicare expenditures and adverse events for patients with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pneumonia in the United States.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether hospital-specific adverse event rates were associated with hospital-specific risk-standardized 30-day episode-of-care Medicare expenditures for fee-for-service patients discharged with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), or pneumonia. Investigators concluded that hospitals with high adverse event rates were more likely to have high 30-day episode-of-care Medicare expenditures for patients discharged with AMI, HF, or pneumonia.
AHRQ-authored; AHRQ-funded; 290201200003C.
Citation: Wang Y, Eldridge N, Metersky ML .
Association between Medicare expenditures and adverse events for patients with acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, or pneumonia in the United States.
JAMA Netw Open 2020 Apr;3(4):e202142. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2142..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Pneumonia, Medicare, Healthcare Costs
Amin AP, Spertus JA, Kulkarni H
Improving care pathways for acute coronary syndrome: patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
This study examined ways to improve care pathways for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients who are low-risk with no complications. They looked at 434,172 low-risk uncomplicated ACS patients eligible for early discharge from the Premier database and identified ACS care pathways. They compared percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) types (trans-radial intervention [TRI] vs. transfemoral intervention (TFI) and by length of stay (LOS). Associations with costs and outcomes were tested using hierarchical, mixed-effects regression and projections of cost savings were obtained using modeling. More cost-savings were associated with TRI versus TFI. There was not an increased risk of adverse outcomes with a shorter LOS.
AHRQ-funded; HS022481.
Citation: Amin AP, Spertus JA, Kulkarni H .
Improving care pathways for acute coronary syndrome: patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Am J Cardiol 2020 Feb;125(3):354-61. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.10.019..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Quality Improvement, Quality of Care, Healthcare Delivery, Registries, Healthcare Costs
Amin AP, McNeely C, Spertus JA
Incremental cost of acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention in the United States.
This study examined incremental costs of acute kidney injury (AKI) complications from percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which is a common and severe complication. Out of a sample of over 1.4 million PCI patients at 518 US hospitals from 2006 to 2015, AKI occurred in 5.73% of PCI patients. Those with AKI had at least double the hospitalization costs and the incremental cost was $9,448. It was also independently associated with an incremental length of stay of 3.6 days. AKI cost burden was extrapolated at 411.3 million US dollars annually.
AHRQ-funded; HS022481.
Citation: Amin AP, McNeely C, Spertus JA .
Incremental cost of acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention in the United States.
Am J Cardiol 2020 Jan;125(1):29-33. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2019.09.042..
Keywords: Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Adverse Events, Healthcare Costs, Kidney Disease and Health, Patient Safety, Registries
Bernard D, Fang Z
AHRQ Author: Bernard D
Financial burdens and barriers to care among nonelderly adults with heart disease: 2010-2015.
Researchers examined the prevalence of high burdens and barriers to care among adults with heart disease treatment. Using MEPS data, they found that public insurance provides protection against high burdens but not against forgoing or delaying care. They recommended that future research investigate whether, and to what extent, barriers to care are associated with worse health outcomes and higher costs in the long term.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Bernard D, Fang Z .
Financial burdens and barriers to care among nonelderly adults with heart disease: 2010-2015.
J Am Heart Assoc 2019 Dec 17;8(24):e008831. doi: 10.1161/jaha.118.008831..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Healthcare Costs, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Access to Care
Sukul D, Ryan AM, Yan P
Cardiologist participation in accountable care organizations and changes in spending and quality for Medicare patients with cardiovascular disease.
Despite widespread adoption of Medicare accountable care organizations (ACOs), healthcare spending reductions have been modest. This may relate to variable participation in ACOs by specialist physicians, who disproportionately drive spending. In this study, the investigators analyzed national Medicare data to examine whether specialist participation in Medicare ACOs was associated with changes in healthcare spending and clinical quality.
AHRQ-funded; HS024728; HS025615; HS024525.
Citation: Sukul D, Ryan AM, Yan P .
Cardiologist participation in accountable care organizations and changes in spending and quality for Medicare patients with cardiovascular disease.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2019 Sep;12(9):e005438. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.005438..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Heart Disease and Health, Medicare, Quality of Care
Nuti SV, Li SX, Xu X
Association of in-hospital resource utilization with post-acute spending in Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study.
This study compared costs among Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 and over hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) from 2010 to 2013 in the Premiere Healthcare Database. The association of in-hospital and post-acute care resource utilization and outcomes was examined. Researchers concluded that greater resource utilization during hospitalization was not associated with meaning differences in costs or mortality rates after hospitalization.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Nuti SV, Li SX, Xu X .
Association of in-hospital resource utilization with post-acute spending in Medicare beneficiaries hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study.
BMC Health Serv Res 2019 Mar 25;19(1):190. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4018-0..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Elderly, Healthcare Costs, Hospitalization, Medicare
Valero-Elizondo J, Khera R, Saxena A
Financial hardship from medical bills among nonelderly U.S. Adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
This study assessed the national burden of financial hardship from medical bills among individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in a representative sample of nonelderly U.S. adults with ASCVD. The relationship with potential consequences such as financial distress, food insecurity, and cost-related medication nonadherence was also considered. Data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) was used. The authors conclude that the current health care system fails to protect a significant proportion of nonelderly ASCVD patients from financial hardship and its consequences.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Valero-Elizondo J, Khera R, Saxena A .
Financial hardship from medical bills among nonelderly U.S. Adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2019 Feb 19;73(6):727-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.12.004..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs
Smith GH, Shore S, Allen LA
Discussing out-of-pocket costs with patients: shared decision making for sacubitril-valsartan in heart failure.
This study examined how prescription costs can greatly impact decision-making in patients with serious medical conditions. Forty-nine patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fracture were recruited and interviewed about a drug sacrubitril-valsartan. The drug is considered effective but can be costly. Most patients (45/49) said they would take the medicine if the out-of-pocket cost was only $5 per month more than their current medication. But if the costs increased to $100 more per month then only 43% would switch to sacrubritil-valsartan. Only 20% of participants said their physician had discussed medication costs in the past year.
AHRQ-funded; HS026081.
Citation: Smith GH, Shore S, Allen LA .
Discussing out-of-pocket costs with patients: shared decision making for sacubitril-valsartan in heart failure.
J Am Heart Assoc 2019 Jan 8;8(1):e010635. doi: 10.1161/jaha.118.010635..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Decision Making, Heart Disease and Health, Cardiovascular Conditions, Medication, Chronic Conditions
Amin AP, Miller S, Rahn B
Reversing the "risk-treatment paradox" of bleeding in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: risk-concordant use of bleeding avoidance strategies is associated with reduced bleeding and lower costs.
Bleeding avoidance strategies (BAS) are effective, but are paradoxically used less often with patients at high risk of bleeding. This article describes the implementation of an intervention in a St. Louis, MO, hospital intended to reverse the bleeding risk-treatment paradox. Temporal trends in BAS use and the association of risk-concordant BAS use with bleeding as well as hospital costs of percutaneous coronary intervention were examined. Patient-centered care that aimed directly toward making treatment-related decisions based on predicted risk of bleeding led to a more risk-concordant use of BAS and a reversal of the risk-treatment paradox. The authors conclude that larger multicentered studies will be needed to corroborate these results.
AHRQ-funded; HS022481.
Citation: Amin AP, Miller S, Rahn B .
Reversing the "risk-treatment paradox" of bleeding in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: risk-concordant use of bleeding avoidance strategies is associated with reduced bleeding and lower costs.
J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Nov 6;7(21):e008551. doi: 10.1161/jaha.118.008551..
Keywords: Adverse Events, Patient Safety, Heart Disease and Health, Risk, Surgery, Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs
Annapureddy A, Valero-Elizondo J, Khera R
Association between financial burden, quality of life, and mental health among those with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the United States.
Currently, there is little information about the relationship between the financial burden of healthcare for patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and their health-related quality of life (HRQoL), well-being, and psychological health. Accordingly, the authors of this study, determined the relationship between healthcare financial burden and patient-reported HRQoL, self-perception of health, psychological distress, and risk of depression in a nationally representative US adult population with established ASCVD.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Annapureddy A, Valero-Elizondo J, Khera R .
Association between financial burden, quality of life, and mental health among those with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the United States.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2018 Nov;11(11):e005180. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.005180..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Behavioral Health, Quality of Life
Thompson MP, Cabrera L, Strobel RJ
Association between postoperative pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery.
Postoperative pneumonia is the most common healthcare-associated infection in cardiac surgical patients, yet their impact across a 90-day episode of care remains unknown. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery. The investigators concluded that postoperative pneumonia was associated with significantly higher 90-day episode payments and inferior outcomes at the patient and hospital level.
AHRQ-funded; HS022535.
Citation: Thompson MP, Cabrera L, Strobel RJ .
Association between postoperative pneumonia and 90-day episode payments and outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cardiac surgery.
Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2018 Sep;11(9):e004818. doi: 10.1161/circoutcomes.118.004818..
Keywords: Elderly, Surgery, Medicare, Cardiovascular Conditions, Heart Disease and Health, Pneumonia, Payment, Healthcare Costs, Outcomes, Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs), Health Insurance
Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS
AHRQ Author: Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS
Estimated impact of US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations on use and cost of statins for cardiovascular disease prevention.
The purpose of the study was to assess the US population meeting criteria for statin use and factors associated with use, and calculate associated costs. The study concluded that new USPSTF recommendations may result in decreased out-of-pocket costs and expanded access to statins. Previous research has shown that eliminating copayments increased adherence and decreased rates of ASCVD events without increasing overall healthcare costs.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Zuvekas SH, Bierman AS .
Estimated impact of US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations on use and cost of statins for cardiovascular disease prevention.
J Gen Intern Med 2018 Aug;33(8):1317-23. doi: 10.1007/s11606-018-4497-4..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Healthcare Costs, Medication, Prevention, U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Singh J, Valero-Elizondo J, Salami JA
Favorable modifiable cardiovascular risk profile is associated with lower healthcare costs among cancer patients: the 2012-2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and cancer are among the leading causes of economic burden, morbidity, and mortality in the United States. In this study, the investigators aimed to quantify the overall impact of cardiovascular modifiable risk factor (CRF) profile on healthcare expenditures among those with and without ASCVD and/or cancer. The investigators concluded that in a nationally representative US adult population, absence of ASCVD and a favorable CRF profile were associated with significantly lower medical expenditure among cancer patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023000.
Citation: Singh J, Valero-Elizondo J, Salami JA .
Favorable modifiable cardiovascular risk profile is associated with lower healthcare costs among cancer patients: the 2012-2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.
J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Apr 23;7(9). doi: 10.1161/jaha.117.007874..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Cardiovascular Conditions, Risk, Healthcare Costs, Cancer
Geri G, Fahrenbruch C, Meischke H
Effects of bystander CPR following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on hospital costs and long-term survival.
In this paper, the investigators evaluated bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), hospital-based costs, and long-term survival following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in order to assess the potential cost-effectiveness of bystander CPR.
AHRQ-funded; HS021658.
Citation: Geri G, Fahrenbruch C, Meischke H .
Effects of bystander CPR following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest on hospital costs and long-term survival.
Resuscitation 2017 Jun;115:129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.04.016..
Keywords: Cardiovascular Conditions, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Healthcare Costs, Outcomes
Allen NB, Zhao L, Liu L
Favorable cardiovascular health, compression of morbidity, and healthcare costs: forty-year follow-up of the CHA Study (Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry).
The researchers examined the association of cardiovascular health at younger ages with the proportion of life lived free of morbidity, the cumulative burden of morbidity, and average healthcare costs at older ages. They found that individuals in favorable cardiovascular health in early middle age live a longer, healthier life free of all types of morbidity.
AHRQ-funded; HS020263.
Citation: Allen NB, Zhao L, Liu L .
Favorable cardiovascular health, compression of morbidity, and healthcare costs: forty-year follow-up of the CHA Study (Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in Industry).
Circulation 2017 May 2;135(18):1693-701. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.026252.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Cardiovascular Conditions, Health Status
Vaughan Sarrazin MS, Jones M, Mazur A
Cost of hospital admissions in Medicare patients with atrial fibrillation taking warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban.
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of anticoagulant choice on inpatient costs in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Analysis used 3-way propensity matching to create groups from AF patients taking dabigatran, rivaroxaban, or warfarin, and were plausible candidates for all 3 anticoagulants. Predicted values from two models were multiplied together to estimate expected costs per patient-year. The study concludes from its data that patients with newly diagnosed AF taking 150 mg dabigatran or 20 mg rivaroxaban experience lower annual inpatient costs than patients taking warfarin, due to fewer hospital admissions for stroke, non-gastrointestinal-related hemorrhages, and heart failure events.
AHRQ-funded; HS023104.
Citation: Vaughan Sarrazin MS, Jones M, Mazur A .
Cost of hospital admissions in Medicare patients with atrial fibrillation taking warfarin, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban.
J Am Coll Cardiol 2017 Jan 24;69(3):360-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.11.023..
Keywords: Blood Thinners, Heart Disease and Health, Medication, Healthcare Costs, Medicare, Hospitalization, Cardiovascular Conditions
Webb M, Fahimi S, Singh GM
Cost effectiveness of a government supported policy strategy to decrease sodium intake: global analysis across 183 nations.
This study quantified the cost effectiveness of a government policy combining targeted industry agreements and public education to reduce sodium intake in 183 countries worldwide. It concluded that a government "soft regulation" strategy combining targeted industry agreements and public education to reduce dietary sodium is projected to be highly cost effective worldwide, even without accounting for potential healthcare savings.
AHRQ-funded; HS000062.
Citation: Webb M, Fahimi S, Singh GM .
Cost effectiveness of a government supported policy strategy to decrease sodium intake: global analysis across 183 nations.
BMJ 2017 Jan 10;356:i6699. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i6699.
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Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Nutrition, Cardiovascular Conditions, Blood Pressure, Policy