National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report
Latest available findings on quality of and access to health care
Data
- Data Infographics
- Data Visualizations
- Data Tools
- Data Innovations
- All-Payer Claims Database
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS)
- AHRQ Quality Indicator Tools for Data Analytics
- State Snapshots
- United States Health Information Knowledgebase (USHIK)
- Data Sources Available from AHRQ
Search All Research Studies
AHRQ Research Studies Date
Topics
- Access to Care (28)
- Adverse Drug Events (ADE) (11)
- Adverse Events (31)
- Ambulatory Care and Surgery (8)
- Antibiotics (2)
- Anxiety (4)
- Arthritis (4)
- Behavioral Health (13)
- Blood Clots (2)
- (-) Cancer (788)
- Cancer: Breast Cancer (140)
- Cancer: Cervical Cancer (14)
- Cancer: Colorectal Cancer (65)
- Cancer: Lung Cancer (57)
- Cancer: Ovarian Cancer (5)
- Cancer: Prostate Cancer (71)
- Cancer: Skin Cancer (11)
- Cardiovascular Conditions (14)
- Care Coordination (6)
- Caregiving (15)
- Care Management (17)
- Case Study (12)
- Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) (1)
- Children/Adolescents (34)
- Chronic Conditions (17)
- Clinical Decision Support (CDS) (2)
- Clinician-Patient Communication (19)
- Clostridium difficile Infections (2)
- Colonoscopy (12)
- Communication (22)
- Community-Based Practice (2)
- Comparative Effectiveness (51)
- Complementary and Alternative Medicine (1)
- Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) (1)
- COVID-19 (13)
- Critical Care (1)
- Cultural Competence (4)
- Data (5)
- Decision Making (54)
- Dementia (1)
- Depression (5)
- Diabetes (3)
- Diagnostic Safety and Quality (81)
- Digestive Disease and Health (14)
- Disabilities (4)
- Disparities (38)
- Education: Academic (1)
- Education: Continuing Medical Education (4)
- Education: Patient and Caregiver (20)
- Elderly (73)
- Electronic Health Records (EHRs) (24)
- Emergency Department (8)
- Emergency Medical Services (EMS) (1)
- Evidence-Based Practice (76)
- Falls (1)
- Family Health and History (3)
- Genetics (28)
- Guidelines (29)
- Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) (6)
- Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) (8)
- Healthcare Costs (56)
- Healthcare Delivery (23)
- Healthcare Utilization (27)
- Health Information Technology (HIT) (56)
- Health Insurance (15)
- Health Literacy (8)
- Health Promotion (10)
- Health Services Research (HSR) (8)
- Health Status (11)
- Health Systems (2)
- Heart Disease and Health (5)
- Hepatitis (2)
- Hospital Discharge (3)
- Hospitalization (10)
- Hospital Readmissions (6)
- Hospitals (14)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (8)
- Imaging (68)
- Implementation (5)
- Infectious Diseases (6)
- Injuries and Wounds (1)
- Inpatient Care (5)
- Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (1)
- Kidney Disease and Health (9)
- Learning Health Systems (1)
- Lifestyle Changes (2)
- Long-Term Care (1)
- Low-Income (4)
- Maternal Care (1)
- Medicaid (9)
- Medical Errors (3)
- Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) (9)
- Medicare (33)
- Medication (66)
- Medication: Safety (3)
- Men's Health (29)
- Mortality (39)
- Newborns/Infants (2)
- Nursing (2)
- Nursing Homes (4)
- Nutrition (4)
- Obesity (2)
- Opioids (7)
- Organizational Change (3)
- Osteoporosis (1)
- Outcomes (67)
- Pain (9)
- Palliative Care (42)
- Patient-Centered Healthcare (34)
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (101)
- Patient Adherence/Compliance (12)
- Patient and Family Engagement (14)
- Patient Experience (11)
- Patient Safety (21)
- Patient Self-Management (4)
- Payment (4)
- Policy (10)
- Practice Patterns (28)
- Pregnancy (2)
- Prevention (98)
- Primary Care (21)
- Primary Care: Models of Care (5)
- Provider (8)
- Provider: Clinician (1)
- Provider: Health Personnel (1)
- Provider: Nurse (3)
- Provider: Pharmacist (2)
- Provider: Physician (13)
- Provider Performance (3)
- Public Health (1)
- Quality Improvement (14)
- Quality Indicators (QIs) (5)
- Quality Measures (8)
- Quality of Care (34)
- Quality of Life (46)
- Racial and Ethnic Minorities (57)
- Registries (8)
- Research Methodologies (20)
- Respiratory Conditions (5)
- Risk (68)
- Rural/Inner-City Residents (3)
- Rural Health (11)
- Screening (134)
- Sepsis (1)
- Sexual Health (13)
- Skin Conditions (7)
- Sleep Problems (1)
- Social Determinants of Health (11)
- Social Media (1)
- Stress (5)
- Substance Abuse (2)
- Surgery (118)
- Teams (2)
- Telehealth (11)
- Tobacco Use (4)
- Tobacco Use: Smoking Cessation (1)
- Tools & Toolkits (1)
- Training (1)
- Transitions of Care (2)
- Transplantation (5)
- Trauma (1)
- Treatments (59)
- U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) (27)
- Uninsured (3)
- Urban Health (6)
- Vaccination (3)
- Vulnerable Populations (10)
- Web-Based (5)
- Women (135)
- Workflow (5)
- Workforce (4)
- Young Adults (6)
AHRQ Research Studies
Sign up: AHRQ Research Studies Email updates
Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by AHRQ or authored by AHRQ researchers.
Results
151 to 175 of 788 Research Studies DisplayedFendrick AM, Dalton VK, Tilea A
Out-of-pocket costs for colposcopy among commercially insured women from 2006 to 2019.
The objective of this study was to describe out-of-pocket costs for colposcopy and related services among age-appropriate, commercially insured women from 2006 to 2019. Findings suggested that out-of-pocket costs for colposcopy were very common and significant and have increased over time. Reported out-of-pocket costs for cervical cancer screening-related care, such as office visits, were not included, thus the findings may underestimate patients’ total financial burden.
AHRQ-funded; HS025465.
Citation: Fendrick AM, Dalton VK, Tilea A .
Out-of-pocket costs for colposcopy among commercially insured women from 2006 to 2019.
Obstet Gynecol 2022 Jan;139(1):113-15. doi: 10.1097/aog.0000000000004582..
Keywords: Healthcare Costs, Colonoscopy, Screening, Cancer: Cervical Cancer, Cancer, Prevention, Women
Popp J, Weinberg DS, Ems E
Reevaluating the evidence for intensive postoperative extracolonic surveillance for nonmetastatic colorectal cancer.
This study reevaluated the evidence for intensive postoperative extracolonic surveillance for nonmetastatic colorectal cancer. The authors looked at the FACS, GILDA, and COLOFOL trials and used a model to predict the large-sample mortality reduction expected for each trial and the implied statistical power. An investigation was done of a potential recurrence imbalance in the FACS trial. The model predicted a mortality reduction of ≤5% and power of <10% for all 3 trials. The FACS recurrence imbalance most likely led to a large relative bias (>2.5) in the hazard ratio for overall survival favoring control. After adjustment, both COLOFOL and FACS results were consistent with model predictions. A 2.6 and 3.6 month increase in life expectancy is predicted comparing intensive extracolonic surveillance-routine computed tomography scans and carcinoembryonic antigen assays with 1 computed tomography scan at 12 months or no surveillance, respectively. A larger trial that would randomize at least 200 to 300 patients is needed, but is not feasible at this time. The authors concluded recent trial results do not warrant de novo skepticism or metastasectomy nor targeted extracolonic surveillance.
AHRQ-funded; HS022998.
Citation: Popp J, Weinberg DS, Ems E .
Reevaluating the evidence for intensive postoperative extracolonic surveillance for nonmetastatic colorectal cancer.
Value Health 2022 Jan; 25(1):36-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2021.07.017..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Surgery, Evidence-Based Practice
Hughes TM, Ellsworth B, Berlin NL
Statewide episode spending variation of mastectomy for breast cancer.
The purpose of this study was to characterize variations in episode spending related to volume and complication rates for mastectomy. A secondary study aim was to identify patient- and facility-level determinants of variation. The researchers assessed mean spending for 7,342 patients undergoing mastectomy at 74 facilities across Michigan state. The study found that mean 30-day spending by facility ranged from $11,129 to $20,830 and ninety-day spending ranged from $17,303 to $31,060. Patient-level factors associated with greater spending included bilateral surgery, simultaneous breast reconstruction, length of stay, and readmission. The researchers concluded that Michigan hospitals have considerable variation in mastectomy spending, and that reducing the frequency of bilateral surgery and length of stay may increase value, without risking patient safety or oncologic outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS026030.
Citation: Hughes TM, Ellsworth B, Berlin NL .
Statewide episode spending variation of mastectomy for breast cancer.
J Am Coll Surg 2022 Jan;234(1):14-23. doi: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000005..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Women, Surgery
Peipert JD, Lad T, Khosla PG
A low literacy, multimedia health information technology intervention to enhance patient-centered cancer care in safety net settings increased cancer knowledge in a randomized controlled trial.
In this study, the investigators tested whether a low-literacy-friendly, multimedia information and assessment system used in daily clinical practice enhanced patient-centered care and improved patient outcomes. This was a prospective, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial with 2 arms, CancerHelp-Talking Touchscreen (CancerHelp-TT) versus control, among adults with Stage I-III breast or colorectal cancer receiving chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy in safety net settings.
AHRQ-funded; HS017300.
Citation: Peipert JD, Lad T, Khosla PG .
A low literacy, multimedia health information technology intervention to enhance patient-centered cancer care in safety net settings increased cancer knowledge in a randomized controlled trial.
Cancer Control 2021 Jan-Dec;28:10732748211036783. doi: 10.1177/10732748211036783..
Keywords: Health Literacy, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Cancer, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Chhatre S, Malkowicz SB, Jayadevappa R
Continuity of care in acute survivorship phase, and short and long-term outcomes in prostate cancer patients.
This study examined the association between continuity of care and outcomes in Medicare beneficiaries with localized prostate cancer, and the moderating effect of race using SEER – Medicare data between 2000 and 2016. Continuity of care was defined as visits dispersion and density in the acute survivorship phase. Outcomes measured were emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and cost during the acute survivorship phase and mortality over the follow-up phase. Higher continuity of care was associated with improved outcomes. The interaction between race and continuity of care was significant.
AHRQ-funded; HS024106.
Citation: Chhatre S, Malkowicz SB, Jayadevappa R .
Continuity of care in acute survivorship phase, and short and long-term outcomes in prostate cancer patients.
Prostate 2021 Dec;81(16):1310-19. doi: 10.1002/pros.24228..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Transitions of Care
Gupta AR, Brajcich BC, Yang AD
Necessity of posttreatment surveillance for low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms.
This study’s objectives were to characterize posttreatment surveillance and determine the risk of recurrence following surgical resection of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs). Patients who underwent surgical rection of localized LAMNs in an 11-hospital regional healthcare system from 2000 to 2019 were included. A total of 114 patients with LAMNs were identified with various tumor grades, most of them pTis (80.7%). Patients were followed up with posttreatment surveillance (n = 39). No patients experienced tumor recurrence after a mean follow-up duration of 4.7 years, suggesting that routine surveillance may be unnecessary.
AHRQ-funded; HS026385.
Citation: Gupta AR, Brajcich BC, Yang AD .
Necessity of posttreatment surveillance for low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms.
J Surg Oncol 2021 Dec;124(7):1115-20. doi: 10.1002/jso.26621..
Keywords: Cancer, Surgery, Care Management
Wing SE, Hu H, Lopez L
Recall of genomic testing results among patients with cancer.
Genomic testing of somatic and germline DNA has transformed cancer care. However, low genetic knowledge among patients may compromise care and health outcomes. Given the rise in genomic testing, we sought to understand patients' knowledge of their genetic test results. The investigators conducted a survey-based study with 85 patients at a comprehensive cancer center and compared self-reported recall of (a) having had somatic/germline testing and (b) their specific somatic/germline results to the genomic test results documented in the medical record.
AHRQ-funded; HS024984.
Citation: Wing SE, Hu H, Lopez L .
Recall of genomic testing results among patients with cancer.
Oncologist 2021 Dec;26(12):e2302-e05. doi: 10.1002/onco.13928..
Keywords: Cancer, Genetics, Health Literacy
Greenzang KA, Kelly CA, Al-Sayegh H
Thinking ahead: parents' worries about late effects of childhood cancer treatment.
This study examined parental perceived likelihood, impact, and worry about late effects of treatment for childhood cancer. The authors surveyed 96 parents of pediatric cancer patients at Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center within a year of diagnosis. Most parents (96%) valued information about late effects, and 93% considered late effects in their treatment decision-making. However, 24% could not recall receiving information about late effects, and only 51% felt well-prepared for potential late effects. Only one-fifth of parents consider late effects to be likely for their child, while 61% were extremely/very worried about late effects.
AHRQ-funded; HS022986.
Citation: Greenzang KA, Kelly CA, Al-Sayegh H .
Thinking ahead: parents' worries about late effects of childhood cancer treatment.
Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021 Dec;68(12):e29335. doi: 10.1002/pbc.29335..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Cancer, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Health Literacy, Caregiving
Tobin JN, Cassells A, Weiss E
Integrating cancer screening and mental health services in primary care: protocol and baseline results of a patient-centered outcomes intervention study.
AHRQ-funded; HS021667.
Citation: Tobin JN, Cassells A, Weiss E .
Integrating cancer screening and mental health services in primary care: protocol and baseline results of a patient-centered outcomes intervention study.
J Health Care Poor Underserved 2021;32(4):1907-34. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2021.0173..
Keywords: Patient-Centered Healthcare, Cancer, Behavioral Health, Primary Care, Depression, Women, Screening
Alagoz O, Lowry KP, Kurian AW
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer mortality in the US: estimates from collaborative simulation modeling.
This study’s objective was to project the impact of COVID-19 on future breast cancer mortality between 2020 and 2030. Three established Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network breast cancer models were used to model reductions in mammography screening use, delays in symptomatic cancer diagnosis, and reduced use of chemotherapy for women with early-stage disease for the first 6 months of the pandemic with return to prepandemic patterns after that time. The models project by 2030 950 cumulative excess breast cancers deaths related to reduced screening, 1314 deaths associated with delayed diagnosis of symptomatic cases, and 151 deaths associated with reduced chemotherapy use in women with hormone positive, early-stage cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS018366.
Citation: Alagoz O, Lowry KP, Kurian AW .
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on breast cancer mortality in the US: estimates from collaborative simulation modeling.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2021 Nov 2;113(11):1484-94. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djab097..
Keywords: COVID-19, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Mortality, Women
Bowles EJA, O'Neill SC, Li T
Effect of a randomized trial of a web-based intervention on patient-provider communication about breast density.
This study evaluated a personalized web-based intervention between women and their providers designed to improve breast cancer risk communication. This randomized trial included women aged 40-69 years with 504 women in the control group and 492 women who used the intervention website. The website included information about breast density, personalized breast cancer risk, chemoprevention, and magnetic resonance imaging. Participants self-reported their communication about density with providers at 6 weeks and 12 months. Women in the intervention arm were 2.39 times more likely to report density communication at 6 weeks than the control arm. This effect persisted at 12 months. At 6 weeks the effect was only significant among women who reported versus those who did not report any previous density discussions. A quarter of women in each arm did not have a density conversation at any point during the study.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982.
Citation: Bowles EJA, O'Neill SC, Li T .
Effect of a randomized trial of a web-based intervention on patient-provider communication about breast density.
J Womens Health 2021 Nov;30(11):1529-37. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0053.
AHRQ-funded; HS022982..
AHRQ-funded; HS022982..
Keywords: Communication, Women, Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Health Information Technology (HIT)
Shipe ME, Baechle JJ, Deppen SA
Modeling the impact of delaying surgery for early esophageal cancer in the era of COVID-19.
Surgical society guidelines have recommended changing the treatment strategy for early esophageal cancer during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Delaying resection can allow for interim disease progression, but the impact of this delay on mortality is unknown. The COVID-19 infection rate at which immediate operative risk exceeds benefit is unknown. In this study, the investigators sought to model immediate versus delayed surgical resection in a T1b esophageal adenocarcinoma.
AHRQ-funded; HS026122.
Citation: Shipe ME, Baechle JJ, Deppen SA .
Modeling the impact of delaying surgery for early esophageal cancer in the era of COVID-19.
Surg Endosc 2021 Nov;35(11):6081-88. doi: 10.1007/s00464-020-08101-6..
Keywords: COVID-19, Cancer, Surgery, Decision Making, Risk
Hong AS, Nguyen DQ, Lee SC
Prior frequent emergency department use as a predictor of emergency department visits after a new cancer diagnosis.
This study’s objective was to determine whether emergency department (ED) visit history prior to cancer diagnosis is associated with ED visit volume after cancer diagnosis. This retrospective cohort study included adults with an incident cancer diagnosis (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers or leukemia) at an academic medical center between 2008 and 2018 and a safety-net hospital between 2012 and 2016. Primary outcome was the number of ED visits in the first 6 months after cancer diagnosis. Among 35,090 patients with cancer, 57% had ≥ 1 ED visit in the 6 months immediately following cancer diagnosis and 20% had ≥ 1 ED visit in the 6-12 months prior to cancer diagnosis. The strongest predictor of postdiagnosis ED visits was frequent (4 or more) prediagnosis ED visits. Other covariates associated with greater postdiagnosis ED use was having 1-3 prediagnosis ED visits, Hispanic and Black race, homelessness, advanced-stage cancer, and treatment regiments including chemotherapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Hong AS, Nguyen DQ, Lee SC .
Prior frequent emergency department use as a predictor of emergency department visits after a new cancer diagnosis.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Nov;17(11):1738-e52. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00889..
Keywords: Emergency Department, Cancer
Lai LY, Shahinian VB, Oerline MK
Understanding active surveillance for prostate cancer.
Understanding active surveillance for prostate cancer.
AHRQ-funded; HS025707.
Citation: Lai LY, Shahinian VB, Oerline MK .
Understanding active surveillance for prostate cancer.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Nov;17(11):e1678-e87. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00929..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer
Kuijer A, Dominici LS, Rosenberg SM
Arm morbidity after local therapy for young breast cancer patients.
This study assessed patient-reported arm morbidity in the Young Women's Breast Cancer Study (YWS). Participants were over 1300 women with breast cancer diagnosed at age 40 or younger and who were enrolled in the YWS. Findings showed that high rates of self-reported arm morbidity in young breast cancer survivors were reported, particularly in patients receiving axillary lymph node dissection and post-mastectomy radiation therapy. Recommendations included attention to the risks and benefits of differing local therapy strategies for axillary lymph node dissection and post-mastectomy radiation therapy patients.
AHRQ-funded; HS023680.
Citation: Kuijer A, Dominici LS, Rosenberg SM .
Arm morbidity after local therapy for young breast cancer patients.
Ann Surg Oncol 2021 Oct;28(11):6071-82. doi: 10.1245/s10434-021-09947-3..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Women, Surgery
Dominici L, Hu J, Zheng Y
Association of local therapy with quality-of-life outcomes in young women with breast cancer.
Researchers examined the association of surgery with longer-term satisfaction and quality of life (QOL) in young breast cancer survivors. Participants were women 40 years or older who enrolled in the Young Women's Breast Cancer Study. The results suggested that local therapy in young breast cancer survivors is persistently associated with poorer scores in multiple QOL domains, particularly among those treated with mastectomy and radiotherapy, irrespective of breast reconstruction. Socioeconomic stressors also appear to play a role.
AHRQ-funded; HS023680.
Citation: Dominici L, Hu J, Zheng Y .
Association of local therapy with quality-of-life outcomes in young women with breast cancer.
JAMA Surg 2021 Oct;156(10):e213758. 2021. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2021.3758..
Keywords: Cancer: Breast Cancer, Cancer, Quality of Life, Women, Surgery
Schuttner L, Haraldsson B, Maynard C
Factors associated with low-value cancer screenings in the Veterans Health Administration.
Most clinical practice guidelines recommend stopping cancer screenings when risks exceed benefits, yet low-value screenings persist. The Veterans Health Administration focuses on improving the value and quality of care, using a patient-centered medical home model that may affect cancer screening behavior. The objective of this study was to understand rates and factors associated with outpatient low-value cancer screenings.
AHRQ-funded; HS026369.
Citation: Schuttner L, Haraldsson B, Maynard C .
Factors associated with low-value cancer screenings in the Veterans Health Administration.
JAMA Netw Open 2021 Oct;4(10):e2130581. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.30581..
Keywords: Screening, Cancer
Parikh DA, Ragavan M, Dutta R
Financial toxicity of cancer care: an analysis of financial burden in three distinct health care systems.
The financial toxicity of cancer care is a source of significant distress for patients with cancer. The purpose of this study is to understand factors associated with financial toxicity in three distinct care systems. The investigators concluded that low AHI, high OOPCs, and employment changes contributed to financial toxicity; however, there were variations based on site of care.
AHRQ-funded; HS026128.
Citation: Parikh DA, Ragavan M, Dutta R .
Financial toxicity of cancer care: an analysis of financial burden in three distinct health care systems.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Oct;17(10):e1450-e59. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00890..
Keywords: Cancer, Healthcare Costs
Kaufmann TL, Getz KD, Hsu JY
Identification of patient-reported outcome phenotypes among oncology patients with palliative care needs.
This retrospective study used patient-reported outcome (PRO) data to characterize oncology patients with palliative care needs. The objective was to determine if PRO data can identify latent phenotypes that characterize indications for specialty palliative care referral. Self-reported symptoms were collected on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Symptom from solid tumor oncology patients (n = 745) referred to outpatient palliative care at eight community and academic sites from October 2012 to October 2018. The authors identified four PRO phenotypes: low symptoms (39.6%); moderate pain/fatigue + mood (24.2%); moderate pain/fatigue + appetite + dypsnea (27%); and high symptoms (9.3%). A secondary analysis of 421 patients found that two brief items assessing social and existential needs aligned with higher severity symptoms and psychological distress phenotypes.
AHRQ-funded; HS023681.
Citation: Kaufmann TL, Getz KD, Hsu JY .
Identification of patient-reported outcome phenotypes among oncology patients with palliative care needs.
JCO Oncol Pract 2021 Oct;17(10):e1473-e88. doi: 10.1200/op.20.00849..
Keywords: Cancer, Palliative Care, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Outcomes
Erim DO, Bennett AV, Gaynes BN
Mapping the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer to the SF-6D.
The purpose of this study was to create a crosswalk that predicts Short Form 6D (SF-6D) utilities from Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer (MAX-PC) scores. Findings showed that this study provided a crosswalk that converts MAX-PC scores to SF-6D utilities for economic evaluation of clinically significant prostate cancer-related anxiety treatment options for prostate cancer survivors.
AHRQ-funded; 29020050040I.
Citation: Erim DO, Bennett AV, Gaynes BN .
Mapping the Memorial Anxiety Scale for Prostate Cancer to the SF-6D.
Qual Life Res 2021 Oct;30(10):2919-28. doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-02871-9..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Research Methodologies
Moazzezi M, Rose B, Kisling K
Prospects for daily online adaptive radiotherapy via ethos for prostate cancer patients without nodal involvement using unedited CBCT auto-segmentation.
This study’s objective was to assess the new online adaptive radiation therapy technology called Ethos for treating prostate cancer. Twenty-five prostate patients previously treated at the author’s clinic were re-planed using an Ethos emulator. Clinical margins of 3 mm posterior, 5 mm left/right/anterior, and 7 mm superior/inferior were used. Dose metrics were compared to unadapted plans to evaluate clinical target volumes (CTV) and online adaptive radiation (OAR) dose changes. Overall, 96% of fractions required auto-segmentation edits, although they were mostly minor. Adaptation improved CTV 98% for the 24 patients with minor auto-segmentation corrections. However, for one in 25 patients, large contour edits were required.
AHRQ-funded; HS025440.
Citation: Moazzezi M, Rose B, Kisling K .
Prospects for daily online adaptive radiotherapy via ethos for prostate cancer patients without nodal involvement using unedited CBCT auto-segmentation.
J Appl Clin Med Phys 2021 Oct;22(10):82-93. doi: 10.1002/acm2.13399..
Keywords: Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Cancer, Treatments, Imaging
Enzinger AC, Ghosh K, Keating NL
US trends in opioid access among patients with poor prognosis cancer near the end-of-life.
This study looked at trends in opioid prescriptions for cancer patients near the end-of-life (EOL) defined as the 30 days before death or hospice enrollment. The authors looked at Medicare part D data from 2007 to 2017 for 270,632 Medicare fee-for-service decedents with poor prognosis cancers. During that time, the proportion of decedents with poor prognosis cancers receiving 1 or greater opioid prescriptions near EOL declined 15.5% and the proportion receiving 1 or greater long-acting opioid prescriptions declined 36.5% to 18.1%. The mean daily dose fell from 24.5%, from 85.6 morphine milligram equivalents per day (MMED) to 64.6. The total amount of opioids prescribed fell from 1,075 morphine milligram equivalents per decedent to 666 morphine milligram equivalents per decedents. At the same time, the proportion of patients with pain-related ED visits increase 50.8% from 13.2% to 19.9%.
AHRQ-funded; HS024072.
Citation: Enzinger AC, Ghosh K, Keating NL .
US trends in opioid access among patients with poor prognosis cancer near the end-of-life.
J Clin Oncol 2021 Sep 10;39(26):2948-58. doi: 10.1200/jco.21.00476..
Keywords: Cancer, Opioids, Palliative Care, Pain, Access to Care, Medication, Practice Patterns
Kwee Wong, LL Sato, MM
Transarterial radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with major vascular invasion: a nationwide propensity score-matched analysis with target trial emulation.
This study’s objective was to compare overall survival (OS) rates for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with major vascular invasion (HCC-MVI) for patients undergoing either transarterial radioembolization (TARE) or systemic therapy. The National Cancer Database was used to identify 1,514 patients with HCC-MVI. TARE use had doubled between 2010 and 2015. OS was compared for the two treatments and TARE was found to be associated with significant survival benefits compared with systemic therapy.
AHRQ-funded; HS023185.
Citation: Kwee Wong, LL Sato, MM .
Transarterial radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with major vascular invasion: a nationwide propensity score-matched analysis with target trial emulation.
J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021 Sep;32(9):1258-66.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.07.001..
Keywords: Cancer, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Evidence-Based Practice
Singal AG, Patibandla S, Obi J
Benefits and harms of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in a prospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis.
The value of a cancer screening program is defined by its balance of benefits and harms; however, there are few data evaluating both attributes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance. In this study, the investigators aimed to characterize benefits and harms of HCC surveillance in a large prospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis. The investigators concluded that in their cohort of patients with cirrhosis, HCC surveillance was associated with high early tumor detection and minimal physical harms.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Singal AG, Patibandla S, Obi J .
Benefits and harms of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in a prospective cohort of patients with cirrhosis.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 Sep;19(9):1925-32.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.09.014..
Keywords: Cancer
Papaleontiou M, Norton EC, Reyes-Gastelum D
Competing causes of death in older adults with thyroid cancer.
Understanding the impact of comorbidities and competing risks of death when caring for older adults with thyroid cancer is key for personalized management. The objective of this study was to determine whether older adults with thyroid cancer are more likely to die from thyroid cancer or other etiologies and determine patient factors associated with each.
AHRQ-funded; HS024512.
Citation: Papaleontiou M, Norton EC, Reyes-Gastelum D .
Competing causes of death in older adults with thyroid cancer.
Thyroid 2021 Sep;31(9):1359-65. doi: 10.1089/thy.2020.0929..
Keywords: Elderly, Cancer, Mortality